Code of Alabama

Ala. Code § 9-12-21 (2026)

“Natural Oyster Reef” Defined.

✓ official Alabama Legislature (ALISON) text, current July 2026
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A natural oyster reef is declared and defined as not less than one acre in continuous area of any bottoms of any bay, sound, bayou, creek, inlet or any other body of salt or brackish water on which oysters grow naturally, or have grown naturally, in quantity sufficient to warrant fishing for them with hand tongs as a means of a livelihood within a period of five years next preceding the time at which said matter may be presented for consideration and determination by the Director, Marine Resources Division of the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. But in no case shall an oyster bed be declared or defined to be a natural oyster reef when such bed is located within the limits where the owners of land fronting on such waters where oysters may be grown have the right to create and have created, by artificial means such as planting oysters or oyster shells or by any other means, culture grounds for the growth of oysters and have by these means caused the bottoms on which such beds are located to become hardened so that oysters will grow thereon naturally even though such bed so created exceeds one acre in continuous area and even though after these beds have been artificially created oysters grow naturally thereon, or have grown naturally thereon, in quantity sufficient to warrant fishing for them with hand tongs as a means of livelihood within the period of five years next preceding the time at which said matter may be presented for consideration and determination by the Director, Marine Resources Division of the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.

(Acts 1915, No. 107, p. 145, §20; Code 1923, §2734; Acts 1933, Ex. Sess., No. 115, p. 111; Code 1940, T. 8, §118.)

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 2 cases, 1992–1993 · leading case: Kuppersmith v. South Alabama Seafood Ass'n, 627 So. 2d 401 (Ala. Civ. App. 1992).
Kuppersmith v. South Alabama Seafood Ass'n, 627 So. 2d 401 (Ala. Civ. App. 1992). · cites it 6× “The ap-pellees claimed that the areas subject to the appellants’ lease were “natural oyster reefs” within the meaning of § 9-12-21, Ala.Code 1975⅛ and were therefore not subject to private leasing.”
Kuppersmith v. South Alabama Seafood Ass'n, 627 So. 2d 406 (Ala. 1993). · cites it 3× “The plaintiffs claimed that the areas subject to the lease were “natural oyster reefs” entitled to protection under Ala.Code 1975, § 9-12-21, and were therefore not subject to private lease.”
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