Gallagher v. Chrysler Corp., 449 U.S. 841 (1980). · Go Syfert
Gallagher v. Chrysler Corp., 449 U.S. 841 (1980). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
295 citation events (13 in the last 25 years) across 50 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: American Greetings Corporation v. Gerald A. Cohn (ca6, 1988-04-08)
Treatment trajectory · 1980 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1980 2003 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 47 distinct citers.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) American Greetings Corporation v. Gerald A. Cohn
6th Cir. · 1988 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
we hold the interest of the commonwealth in adjudicating this dispute to be an important factor in the resolution of the issue at bar.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. Loretta Burrell
10th Cir. · 1983 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
in most cases motions to try different counts separately have been denied.
discussed Cited "see" Muller v. TWENTIETH CENTURY FOX FILM CORP.
S.D.N.Y. · 2011 · signal: see · confidence high
“Scenes á faire” are those elements of a work that “necessarily result from the choice of a setting or situation.” Id.; see Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 979 (2d Cir.) (explaining that “scenes á faire” are those “incidents, characters or settings which are as a practical matter indispensable, or at least standard, in the treatment of a given topic”) (internal *441 quotations omitted), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Dream Custom Homes, Inc. v. Modern Day Construction, Inc.
M.D. Fla. · 2011 · signal: see · confidence high
See, Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.) (citing Arnstein v. Porter, 154 F.2d 464, 474 (2d Cir.1946)). cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , *1295 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Bill Diodato Photography, LLC v. Kate Spade, LLC
S.D.N.Y. · 2005 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 979 (2d Cir.1980) (scenes a faire include settings that are “as a practical matter indispensable, or at least standard, in the treatment of a given topic”) (internal quotations and citation omitted), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Herzog v. Castle Rock Entertainment
11th Cir. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.) (citing Arnstein v. Porter, 154 F.2d 464, 474 (2d Cir.1946)), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Leibovitz v. Paramount Pictures Corp.
S.D.N.Y. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.) (summary judgment traditionally frowned upon in copyright litigation), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Nelson v. Grisham
D.D.C. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Burns v. Imagine Films Entertainment, Inc.
W.D.N.Y. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972 (2d Cir.), cert. denied 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980); 1 Nimmer on Copyright, § 2.11.
discussed Cited "see" Arden v. Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
Scenes a faire are those elements of a work “that necessarily result from the choice of a setting or situation,” Walker, 784 F.2d at 50 , or “ ‘sequences of events which necessarily follow from a common theme.’ ” Green, 885 F.Supp. at 478 (quoting Reyher, 533 F.2d at 91); see Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 979 (2d Cir.) (scenes a faire are those “incidents, characters or settings which are as a practical matter indispensable, or at least standard, in the treatment of a given topic.”) (citation omitted), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.…
discussed Cited "see" Robinson v. Random House, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.) (summary judgment traditionally frowned upon in copyright litigation), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Nitin Shah
5th Cir. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Thomas, 593 F.2d 615 , 620 n. 17 (5th Cir.1979) (ruling that the statement was in effect false even if literally true), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 120 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980). 12 .
cited Cited "see" Alveda King Beal v. Paramount Pictures Corporation
11th Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Denker v. Uhry
S.D.N.Y. · 1992 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.) (citing Arnstein v. Porter, 154 F.2d 464, 474 (2d Cir.1946)), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Green v. Lindsey
S.D.N.Y. · 1992 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.) (citing Arnstein v. Porter, 154 F.2d 464, 474 (2d Cir.1946)), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Wayne Huntsman and Ralph Huntsman
8th Cir. · 1992 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Thomas, 593 F.2d 615, 619-20 (5th Cir.1979) (evidence of sham nature of transactions sufficient to show individuals not entitled to receive government benefits, and thus statements to the contrary were false, even though paper structure indicated that the individuals were entitled), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 120 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Key Publications, Inc. v. Chinatown Today Publishing Enterprises, Inc.
2d Cir. · 1991 · signal: see · confidence high
Rosemont Enters., Inc. v. Random House, Inc., 366 F.2d 303, 309-10 (2d Cir.1966) (rejecting the view that "an author is absolutely precluded from saving time and effort by referring to and relying upon prior published material"), cert. denied, 385 U.S. 1009 , 87 S.Ct. 714 , 17 L.Ed.2d 546 (1967); see Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 979 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980); see also Feist, 111 S.Ct. at 1291-93 ("The 'sweat of the brow' doctrine had numerous flaws, the most glaring being that it extended copyright protection in a co…
discussed Cited "see" Key Publications, Inc. v. Chinatown Today Publishing Enterprises, Inc.
2d Cir. · 1991 · signal: see · confidence high
Rosemont Enters., Inc. v. Random House, Inc., 366 F.2d 303, 309-10 (2d Cir.1966) (rejecting the view that “an author is absolutely precluded from saving time and effort by referring to and relying upon prior published material”), cert. denied, 385 U.S. 1009 , 87 S.Ct. 714 , 17 L.Ed.2d 546 (1967); see Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 979 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980); see also Feist, 111 S.Ct. at 1291-93 (“The ‘sweat of the brow’ doctrine had numerous flaws, the most glaring being that it extended copyright protecti…
discussed Cited "see" Conan Properties, Inc. v. Mattel, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See Smith v. Weinstein, 578 F.Supp. 1297, 1302 (S.D.N.Y.1984) (“courts in copyright actions are permitted ‘to put "a swift end to meritless litigation” and to avoid lengthy and costly trials’ ”) (quoting Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980)). 13 .
examined Cited "see" New Era Publications International, APS v. Henry Holt & Co. (3×)
S.D.N.Y. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 978 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Ag-Chem Equipment Co. Ex Rel. AgTec Division v. AVCO Corp.
W.D. Mich. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See Asahi, id. at 1035-36 (citing Poyner v. Erma Werke GMBH, 618 F.2d 1186 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980)).
discussed Cited "see" Smith v. Weinstein
S.D.N.Y. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
“Because of the inherent difficulty in obtaining direct evidence of copying, it is usually proved by circumstantial evidence of access to the copyrighted work and substantial similarities as to protectible materials.” Reyher v. Children’s Television Workshop, 533 F.2d at 90 ; see Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation v. McA Inc. (2×)
9th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.), cert, denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980) (similarities related only to non-copyrightable historical material).
discussed Cited "see" Jessie L. Washington v. Northland Marine Co., Inc., Shipscalers Local Union No. 541, Amos Burl, Intervenors (2×)
9th Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Gallagher v. Chrysler Corp., 613 F.2d 167 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 119 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Ronald L. Christianson v. Pioneer Sand & Gravel Co., Division of Lone Star Industries, Inc. (2×)
9th Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Gallagher v. Chrysler Corp., 613 F.2d 167 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 119 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" National Business Lists, Inc. v. Dun & Bradstreet, Inc.
N.D. Ill. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Rosemont Enterprises, Inc. v. Random House, Inc., 366 F.2d 303 (2nd Cir.1966), ce rt. denied, 385 U.S. 1009 , 87 S.Ct. 714 , 17 L.Ed.2d 546 (1967), and Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972 (2nd Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Atari, Inc. v. North American Philips Consumer Electronics Corp.
7th Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
Scenes a faire refers to “incidents, characters or settings which are as a practical matter indispensable, or at least standard, in the treatment of a given topic.” Alexander v. Haley, 460 F.Supp. 40, 45 (S.D.N.Y.1978); see Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 979 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Atari, Inc. v. North American Philips Consumer Electronics Corp.
7th Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
Scenes a faire refers to "incidents, characters or settings which are as a practical matter indispensable, or at least standard, in the treatment of a given topic." Alexander v. Haley, 460 F.Supp. 40, 45 (S.D.N.Y.1978); see Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 979 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Nationwide Life Insurance v. Bankers Leasing Ass'n (2×)
2d Cir. · 1999 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Wexler, 621 F.2d 1218, 1224 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 119 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980); In re Sherwood Diversified Servs., Inc., 382 F.Supp. 1359, 1360-61 (S.D.N.Y.1974).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Nationwide Life Insurance Company v. Bankers Leasing Association, Inc.
2d Cir. · 1999 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Wexler, 621 F.2d 1218, 1224 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 (1980); In re Sherwood Diversified Servs., Inc., 382 F. Supp. 1359, 1360-61 (S.D.N.Y. 1974). 4 In the instant case, the "purchaser" was a joint venture between the Hearst Corporation, Capital Cities/ABC Video Enterprises, Inc. and L.T.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Carter
E.D. Pa. · 1997 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also United States v. Ellis, 493 F.Supp. 1092, 1098 (M.D.Tenn.1979) (finding that errata in court’s instructions to the jury was not a cognizable ground for a post-trial motion for a judgment of acquittal), aff'd, 617 F.2d 604 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 840 , 101 S.Ct. 119 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980); 2 Charles A. Wright, Federal Practice and Procedure: Criminal § 466, at 654 (2d ed. 1982) (“There is only one ground for a motion for judgment of acquittal.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States Ex Rel. Berge v. Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama
4th Cir. · 1997 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 979-80 (2d Cir.) (holding that, in non-fiction works, since facts, themes, and research “have been deliberately exempted from the scope of copyright protection to vindicate the overriding goal of encouraging contributions to recorded knowledge, the states are preempted from removing such material from the public domain”), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980); see also Nimmer and Nimmer, supra, at § 16.01 (stating that “[t]he concept that ideas are ‘free as air’ is of ancient origin, and i…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." U.S. ex rel. Berge v. Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama
4th Cir. · 1997 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 979-80 (2d Cir.) (holding that, in non-fiction works, since facts, themes, and research "have been deliberately exempted from the scope of copyright protection to vindicate the overriding goal of encouraging contributions to recorded knowledge, the states are pre-empted from removing such material from the public domain"), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980); see also Nimmer and Nimmer, supra, at § 16.01 (stating that "[t]he concept that ideas are 'free as air' is of ancient origin, and is well ro…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Baldine v. Furniture Comfort Corp.
M.D.N.C. · 1996 · signal: see also · confidence low
Many courts have also noted that “[sjubstantial similarity is usually an extremely close issue of fact and summary judgment has been disfavored in cases involving intellectual property.” Litchfield v. Spielberg, 736 F.2d 1352, 1355 (9th Cir.1984), cert. denied, 470 U.S. 1052 , 105 S.Ct. 1753 , 84 L.Ed.2d 817 (1985); see also, e.g., Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2nd Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Paving Equipment of the Carolinas Inc. v. M & N Development Co.
W.D.N.C. · 1995 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Jackson v. Bi-Lo Stores, Inc., — S.C. -, 437 S.E.2d 168 (1993), citing Berkebile v. Outen, 311 S.C. 50 , 426 S.E.2d 760, 762 (1993); see also, Urbatec v. Yuma County, 614 F.2d 1216, 1217 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 120 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980) (construing a similar Arizona statute as being a bar to actions by unlicensed contractors); and, Brady v. Fulghum, 309 N.C. 580 , 308 S.E.2d 327 (1983) (adopting the rule that contract illegally entered into by unlicensed contractor is unenforceable by the contractor); Mill-Pow er Supply Co. v. CVM Associates, 85 N.C.App. 455, …
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Ccc Information Services, Inc. v. MacLean Hunter Market Reports, Inc., Creative Automation Co.
2d Cir. · 1994 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980) (denying protection to historical theory explaining destruction of Hindenburg dirigible) with Eckes, 736 F.2d at 863 (granting protection to identification of "premium” baseball cards because of personal subjectivity of the selection).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Victor J. Orena, Also Known as Little Vic (2×)
2d Cir. · 1994 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also United States v. Wexler, 621 F.2d 1218, 1226 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 119 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Enrique Vasquez (2×)
10th Cir. · 1993 · signal: see also · confidence low
United States v. Tedder, 787 F.2d 540 , 542 nn. 2-3 (10th Cir.1986); see also United States v. Strand, 617 F.2d 571, 578 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 120 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Ellen Wright v. Warner Books, Inc. And Margaret Walker, Also Known as Margaret Walker Alexander (2×)
2d Cir. · 1991 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980); Atari Games Corp. v. Oman, 888 F.2d 878, 886 (D.C.Cir.1989); Narell v. Freeman, 872 F.2d 907, 911 (9th Cir.1989).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." CWC Fisheries, Inc. v. Bunker
Alaska · 1988 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., City of Berkeley v. Superior Court, 26 Cal.3d 515 , 162 Cal.Rptr. 327, 330-31 , 606 P.2d 362, 365-66 (Cal.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 840 , 101 S.Ct. 119 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980); Kootenai Environmental Alliance v. Panhandle Yacht Club, 105 Idaho 622, 625-26 , 671 P.2d 1085, 1088-89 (1983); Caminiti v. Boyle, 107 Wash.2d 662 , 732 P.2d 989, 994 (1987).
cited Cited "see, e.g." Concrete MacHinery Company, Inc. v. Classic Lawn Ornaments, Inc.
1st Cir. · 1988 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Hoehling v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 618 F.2d 972, 977 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980); Universal Athletic Sales Co., 511 F.2d at 907 .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." S & S Screw MacHine Co. v. Cosa Corp.
M.D. Tenn. · 1986 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Poyner v. Erma Werke GMBH, 618 F.2d 1186, 1190-91 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 121 , 66 L.Ed.2d 49 (1980); Stabilisierungsfond Fur Wein v. Kaiser Stuhl Wine Distributors, 647 F.2d 200 (D.C.Cir.1981); Oswalt v. Scripto, Inc., 616 F.2d 191 (5th Cir.1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Henry Daniel Stull, Sr., Henry Daniel Stull, Jr., and Patricia Mooradian (2×)
6th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Wexler, 621 F.2d 1218, 1223 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 119 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980); United States v. London, 550 F.2d 206, 210-13 (5th Cir.1977); United States v. Laverick, 348 F.2d 708, 714 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 382 U.S. 940 , 86 S.Ct. 391 , 15 L.Ed.2d 350 (1965).
examined Cited "see, e.g." United States v. William J. Johnson (4×)
5th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Wexler, 621 F.2d 1218 (2d Cir.) (equipment leases), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 119 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980); Unit ed States v. Gallipoli, 599 F.2d 100 (5th Cir. 1979) (airline tickets); United States v. Speidel, 562 F.2d 1129 (8th Cir.1977) (quitclaim deeds), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 915 , 98 S.Ct. 1468 , 55 L.Ed.2d 505 (1978). .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Franjo Ivic, Nedjelko Sovulj, Ivan Cale and Stipe Ivkosic, Defendants (2×)
2d Cir. · 1983 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also United States v. Wexler, 621 F.2d 1218, 1223 (2 Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 119 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Phillips
unknown court · 1981 · signal: see also · confidence low
For a thorough discussion of Blackledge, Jackson, and Hardwick, see Miracle v. Estelle, 592 F.2d 1269 (5th Cir. 1979); see also United States v. Thomas, 593 F.2d 615, 624 (5th Cir.), modified on rehearing, 604 F.2d 450 (5th Cir. 1979), on appeal after remand, 617 F.2d 436 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 , 101 S.Ct. 120 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980). .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Russell Reed, James S. Doyle, and Thomas Francis Ryan
2d Cir. · 1981 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e. g., United States v. Wexler, 621 F.2d 1218, 1225-1226 (2d Cir. 1980), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 101 S.Ct. 119 , 66 L.Ed.2d 48 (1980); United States v. Arroyo-Angulo, 580 F.2d 1137, 1149 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 913 , 99 S.Ct. 618 , 58 L.Ed.2d 260 (1978).
Gallagher
v.
Chrysler Corp.
No. 79-2012.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Oct 6, 1980.
449 U.S. 841

C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.