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Positive treatment
9.9 score
Treatment trajectory · 1983 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1983
2004
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 42 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
United States v. Steinhorn
Other circuits have specifically rejected the requirement for “reasonable suspicion.” E.g., United States v. Jenrette, 744 F.2d 817 , 823-24 & n. 13 (D.C.Cir.1984), cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1099 , 105 S.Ct. 2321 , 85 L.Ed.2d. 840 (1985); United States v. Gamble, 737 F.2d 853, 856-60 (10th Cir. 1984); United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 836-37 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 *274 (1983).
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
State v. Gilmore
(2×)
On defendant's appeal following his conviction, the Appellate Division pointing out that in Swain the majority conceded that circumstances might arise where "[t]he purposes of the peremptory challenge are being [perverted]," 380 U.S. at 224 , 85 S.Ct. at 838 , 13 L.Ed. 2d at 774 , and heeding the strong recommendation of Justices Stevens, Blackmun and Powell (as well as Justices Marshall and Brennan) respecting the denial of certiorari in McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961, 963 , 103 S.Ct. 2438, 2439 , 77 L.Ed. 2d 1322, 1323 (1983), that state courts should serve "as laboratories in which the…
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Andrews v. State
However, both the concurring opinion in Futch, 424 A.2d at 1235 , and the dissenting opinion in Mallott, 608 P.2d at 752 , urge adoption of the Wheeler-Soares test. [3] In McCray v. New York, ___ U.S. ___, ___, 103 S.Ct. 2438, 2439 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322, 1323 (1983), Justice Marshall, in a dissent joined by Justice Brennan, noted that Swain pre-dates Duncan , and emphasized the need to reconsider the Swain standard in light of sixth amendment principles established in Taylor v. Louisiana and other post- Swain Supreme Court cases.
discussed
Cited "see"
Patricia Hart v. Larry G. Massanari, Acting Commissioner of Social Security Administration
See McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961, 963 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983) (Stevens, J., respecting denial of petitions for writs of certiorari) (“[I]t is a sound exercise of discretion for the Court to allow [other courts] to serve as laboratories in which the issue receives further study before it is addressed by this Court.”).
cited
Cited "see"
George McCrory v. Robert J. Henderson, Superintendent, Auburn Correctional Facility, Hon. Robert Abrams, Attorney General of the State of New York
See McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983)(opinion of Stevens, J.); id. at 963 , 103 S.Ct. at 2439 (opinion of Marshall, J., dissenting from the denial of cert.).
discussed
Cited "see"
Simon v. State
Further, [s]ince the Fourteenth Amendment protects an accused throughout the proceedings bringing him to justice, Hill v. Texas, 316 U.S. 400, 406 , 62 S.Ct. 1159, 1162 , 86 L.Ed. 1559 (1942), the State may not draw up its jury lists pursuant to neutral procedures but then resort to discrimination at "other stages of the selection process," Avery v. Georgia, 345 U.S. 559, 562 , 73 S.Ct. 891, 893 , 97 L.Ed. 1244 (1953); see McCray v. New York, supra, 461 U.S. [961] at 965, 968, 103 Ct. [2438] at 2440, 2443[, 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 ] (Marshall, J., dissenting from denial of certiorari); see also Alexan…
cited
Cited "see"
Larry Brown v. Walter Kelly, Superintendent, Attica Correctional Facility
See People v. McCray, 57 N.Y.2d 542, 546-49 , 457 N.Y.S.2d 441 , 443 N.E.2d 915 (1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
Albert Pitts v. James Cook, Warden and the Attorney General of the State of Alabama Mr. Don Siegelman
(2×)
See McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983) (denial of certiorari).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Mario Biaggi, Stanley Simon, Richard Biaggi, Peter Neglia, John Mariotta, and Bernard Ehrlich
(2×)
See United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 841 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2437 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
State v. SUPERIOR CT IN & FOR MARICOPA CTY.
See Perry v. Louisiana, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983); Roman v. Abrams, 822 F.2d 214 (2d Cir.1987); Booker v. Jabe, 775 F.2d 762 (6th Cir.1985) (discriminatory use of peremptory challenges violates sixth amendment), on remand, 801 F.2d 871 (6th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1046 , 107 S.Ct. 910 , 93 L.Ed.2d 860 (1987); Wiley, 144 Ariz. at 543 , 698 P.2d at 1262 (Feld-man, J., specially concurring).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Muzamal Chaudhry, A/K/A Omar Muzamal
(2×)
See United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 848 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2437 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Biaggi
(2×)
See United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2437 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Bernard Hawkins
(2×)
See United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 835 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2437 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Heinz Golitschek
(2×)
See United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 843 (2d Cir.1982) (“Perhaps at some point deliberate governmental efforts to render ambiguous events over which agents can exercise considerable control would transgress due process limits of fundamental fairness.”), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2437 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983).
cited
Cited "see"
Jerome Bowden v. Ralph Kemp, Warden, Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Center, Respondent
See McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Eugene Leslie
(2×)
See McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 2442 n. 7, 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (Marshall, J., dissenting from denial of certiorari); Rosales-Lopez v. United States, 451 U.S. 182 , 188 n. 6, 101 S.Ct. 1629 , 1634 n. 6, 68 L.Ed.2d 22 (1981); Swain, 380 U.S. at 219 , 85 S.Ct. at 835 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Forrest Andrew Jordan v. Ray Lippman, Warden, and Michael J. Bowers, Attorney General for the State of Georgia
See McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983) (opinion of Stephens, J., with whom Blackmun, J. and Powell, J. join, respecting the denial of the petitions for writs of certiorari); id. 461 U.S. at 963 , 103 S.Ct. at 2439 , 77 L.Ed.2d at 1323 (Marshall, J., with whom Brennan, J. joins, dissenting from the denial of certiorari).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Eugene Leslie
See McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 2442 n. 7, 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (Marshall, J., dissenting from denial of certiorari); Rosales-Lopez v. United States, 451 U.S. 182 , 188 n. 6, 101 S.Ct. 1629 , 1634 n. 6, 68 L.Ed.2d 22 (1981); Swain, 380 U.S. at 219 , 85 S.Ct. at 835 .
cited
Cited "see"
State v. Williams
See dissent from denial of certiorari in McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. John W. Jenrette
(2×)
See United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 835 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, — U.S.- --, 103 S.Ct. 2437 -38, 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983); United States v. Jannotti, 673 F.2d 578, 608-09 (3d Cir.) (en banc), cert. denied, 457 U.S. 1106 , 102 S.Ct. 2906 , 73 L.Ed.2d 1315 (1982). 14 .
cited
Cited "see"
United States Ex Rel. Allen v. Hardy
See McCray v. New York, - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 2438, 2441-43 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (Marshall, J. dissenting from denial of certiorari); McCray v. Abrams, 576 F.Supp. at 1249 .
cited
Cited "see"
State v. Sterling
See dissent from denial of certiorari in McCray v. New York, ___ U.S. ___, 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. John Gamble
(2×)
See United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 847 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 2437 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Stanley Weisz, United States of America v. Eugene Robert Ciuzio
See United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied,-U.S. --, 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983); United States v. Jannotti, 673 F.2d 578 (3d Cir.) (en banc), cert. denied, 457 U.S. 1106 , 102 S.Ct. 2906 , 73 L.Ed.2d 1315 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. C.L. Childress
See McCray v. New York,-U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 2440 — 43, 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983) (order denying petition for writ of certiorari) (Marshall, J., dissenting) (arguing that sixth amendment principles have evolved significantly since Swain and' that Swain should be reconsidered).
discussed
Cited "see"
People v. Williams
App. 575 , 444 A.2d 478 , aff'd (1983), 295 Md. 557 , 457 A.2d 1127 ; State v. Sims (Mo. Ct. App. 1982), 639 S.W.2d 105 ; Commonwealth v. Henderson (1981), 497 Pa. 23 , 438 A.2d 951 ; State v. Ucero (R.I. 1982), 450 A.2d 809 ; State v. Grady (1979), 93 Wis. 2d 1 , 286 N.W.2d 607 ; see People v. McCray (1982), 57 N.Y.2d 542 , 443 N.E.2d 915 , 457 N.Y.S.2d 441 , cert. denied (1983), 461 U.S. __ , 77 L.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Parker
(2×)
The inquiry should “turn on whether the governmental conduct, standing alone, is so-offensive that it ‘shocks the conscience’ regardless of the extent to which it led the defendant to commit his crime.’” United States v. Cromitie, 727 F.3d 194, 218-19 (2d Cir.2013) (quoting United States v. Chin, 934 F.2d 393, 398 (2d Cir.1991)), cert. denied, - U.S. —, 135 S.Ct. 53 , 190 L.Ed.2d 55 (2014); see also United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 836 (2d Cir.1982) (“due process claim focuses on the conduct of the government agents”), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2437 , 2438, 77…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Brice v. State
Sometimes such an order reflects nothing more than a conclusion that a particular case may not constitute an appropriate forum in which to decide a significant issue.”) (citation omitted); see also Lackey v. Texas, 514 U.S. 1045 , 115 S.Ct. 1421 , 131 L.Ed.2d 304 (1995) (Mem.) (Stevens, J.) (“Often a denial of certio-rari on a novel issue will permit the state and federal courts to 'serve as laboratories in which the issue receives further study before it is addressed by this Court.’ ”) (quoting McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983)). 4 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Vernon Lee Evans, Jr. v. Willie Smith, Warden, United States Penitentiary, Atlanta J. Joseph Curran, Jr., Attorney General of the State of Maryland
Compare Batson, 476 U.S. at 82 n. 1, 92 n. 17, 97, 98 n. 20, 106 S.Ct. 1712 , with Evans, 499 A.2d at 1281 . 1 The Maryland court also pointed to a number of other state cases employing a Bat-son-like framework and noted that in commenting on the denial of certiorari in McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983), five Justices indicated that the time might be approaching for a reexamination of Swain, See Evans, 499 A.2d at 1281 .
examined
Cited "see, e.g."
State v. Page
(4×)
See, e.g., United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823 (2d Cir.1982), cert, denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2437 , 2438, 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983) (The “Abseam” cases: four Congressmen were convicted of bribery — hidden cameras showed them accepting money.). 7 Second, and despite the view of most of our sister jurisdictions, it is possible to make a reasonable case against secret participant-monitored audio recording based on the potential danger that this practice will inhibit speech.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Cuervelo, Omaira Gomez-Galvis, Antonio Jaramillo, Sigfredo Mejia Sanchez, Jose Fernando Cardona, Luis Alberto Correa, Cesar Bravo
See United States v. Nunez-Rios, 622 F.2d 1093, 1098 (2d Cir.1980); see also United States v. Myers, 527 F.Supp. 1206, 1216 (E.D.N.Y.1981), aff'd, 692 F.2d 823 , 839 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2347 , 2348, 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
S.D. v. Faulkner
See, e.g., Gautreaux v. Chicago Housing Auth., 690 F.2d 601, 611 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983); Crosby v. Bowling, 683 F.2d 1068, 1072 (7th Cir.1982); Clay, 583 F.Supp. at 1317 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Dario Arteaga
(2×)
See also United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 845-46 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2437 -38, 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983). 14 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Evans v. State
See also McCrary v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983); McCray v. Abrams, 750 F.2d 1113 (2d Cir.1984); People v. Wheeler, 22 Cal.3d 258 , 148 Cal. Rptr. 890 , 583 P.2d 748 (1978); Commonwealth v. Soares, 377 Mass. 461 , 387 N.E.2d 499 (1979); State v. Neil, 457 So.2d 481 (Fla. 1984); People v. Mack, 105 Ill.2d 103 , 85 Ill.Dec. 281 , 473 N.E.2d 880 (1984); State v. Crespin, 94 N.M. 486 , 612 P.2d 716 (N.M.Ct.App. 1984).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Klayminc
(2×)
United States v. Kelly, 707 F.2d 1460, 1473 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 908 , 104 S.Ct. 264 , 78 L.Ed.2d 247 (1983); see also United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 843 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2437 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983); Blecker, Beyond 1984: Undercover in America--Serpico to Abscam, 28 N.Y.L.Sch.L.Rev. 823, 975-82 (1984). 1 44 Another factor to be considered in a case such as this is whether the court should refuse to approve an ongoing investigation in which lawyers may have previously violated ethical norms (as it appears, concededly in hindsight, Vuit…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States ex rel. Vuitton Et Fils S.A. v. Klayminc
(2×)
United States v. Kelly, 707 F.2d 1460, 1473 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 908 , 104 S.Ct. 264 , 78 L.Ed.2d 247 (1983); see also United States v. Myers, 692 F.2d 823, 843 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2437 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983); Blecker, Beyond 1984: Undercover in America — Serpico to Abscam, 28 N.Y.L.Sch.L.Rev. 823, 975-82 (1984). 1 Another factor to be considered in a case such as this is whether the court should refuse to approve an ongoing investigation in which lawyers may have previously violated ethical norms (as it appears, con-cededly in hindsight, Vui…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
State v. Wiley
(2×)
See also McCray v. Abrams, 576 F.Supp. 1244 (D.C.N.Y.), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983) (Justice Marshall, dissenting).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
People v. Deitchman
(2×)
See also McCray v. New York, 461 U.S. 961 , 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983) (Justices Stevens, Blackmun, and Powell withheld votes sufficient to have granted a petition for writ of certiorari concerning defense objections to prosecution use of peremptory challenges which had the effect of excluding jurors by reason of their race.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States of America Ex Rel. Rueben Palmer v. Richard Derobertis and Neil Hartigan
See also McCray v. New York, Miller v. Illinois and Perry v. Louisiana, — U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983), denying writs of certiorari, where the Court impliedly rejected the suggestion in the dissenting opinion that it was time “to reexamine whether the rule announced in Swain under the Equal Protection Clause can be reconciled with the Sixth Amendment right of every defendant;” 3 and Davis v. Illinois, — U.S. -, 104 S.Ct. 986 , 79 L.Ed.2d 222 (1984), denying a writ of certiorari to the Illinois Appellate Court, Fourth District.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Bruce H. Thompson
See also McCray v. New York, — U.S. —, 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983) (mem.) (Marshall, J., dissenting); People v. McCray, 57 N.Y.2d 542 , 443 N.E.2d 915 , 457 N.Y.S.2d 441 (1982) (Meyer, J., dissenting), ce rt. denied, — U.S.—, 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983); People v. Payne, 106 Ill.App.3d 1034 , 62 Ill.Dec. 744 , 436 N.E.2d 1046 (1982), rev’d, 99 Ill.2d 135 , 75 Ill.Dec. 643 , 457 N.E.2d 1202 (1983); People v. Payne, 99 Ill.2d 135 , 75 Ill.Dec. 643 , 457 N.E.2d 1202 (1983) (Simon, J., dissenting); Commonwealth v. Soares, 377 Mass. 461 , 387 N.E.2d 499 (state cons…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Sandra Fulps v. The City of Springfield, Tennessee
See also Gautreaux v. Chicago, Housing Authority, 690 F.2d 601, 611 (7th Cir.1982), petition for cert, denied, - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 2438 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1322 (1983) (where the Seventh Circuit found that a local rule setting time constraints on the timeliness of costs bills had nothing whatsoever to do with fee petitions, applying only to costs otherwise recoverable under 28 U.S.C. § 1920 ).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Gastelum-Almeida
v.
United States
v.
United States
No. 82-6669.
Supreme Court of the United States.
May 31, 1983.
Published
C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.