Nat'l Ass'n for the Advancement of Colored People v. N. A. A. C. P. Legal Def. & Educ. Fund, Inc., 472 U.S. 1021 (1985). · Go Syfert
Nat'l Ass'n for the Advancement of Colored People v. N. A. A. C. P. Legal Def. & Educ. Fund, Inc., 472 U.S. 1021 (1985). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
489 citation events (149 in the last 25 years) across 61 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Bartee v. Morris (ca4, 1998-05-14) · Strongest negative: Radovanic v. Centex Real Estate Corp. (ncwd, 1991-06-18)
Treatment trajectory · 1984 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1984 2005 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers.
discussed Cited "but see" Radovanic v. Centex Real Estate Corp. (2×)
W.D.N.C. · 1991 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see Moore v. City of Charlotte, 754 F.2d 1100, 1106 (4th Cir.) (holding that plaintiff failed to prove a prima facie case of racial discrimination), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985). (c) Although no direct evidence of the fourth prong of the test was presented at trial, it does not appear from the record that Defendant eliminated the position of superintendent trainee after Plaintiff was terminated.
discussed Cited "but see" Michael E. MENNOR, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. the FORT HOOD NATIONAL BANK, Defendant-Appellant
5th Cir. · 1987 · signal: but cf. · confidence high
But cf. Crawford Fitting Co., 107 S.Ct. at 2499 (Blackmun, J., concurring), 2500 n. 1 (Marshall, J., dissenting) (language suggesting the Fifth Circuit passage relied upon here to be dictum) 22 Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 746 F.2d 4 , 11 n. 42, 30 (D.C.Cir.1984) (quoting Northcross v. Board of Educ., 611 F.2d 624 , 639 (6th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 911 , 100 S.Ct. 2999 , 64 L.Ed.2d 862 (1980)), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985); see also Curtis, 822 F.2d at 550, 553 ; Thornberry v. Delta Air Lines, Inc., 676 F.2d 1240 , 1241, 1244-45 (9th Cir…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Bartee v. Morris
4th Cir. · 1998 · confidence medium
As Moore states, "[t]he most important variables in the disciplinary context, and the most likely sources of different but non- discriminatory treatment, are the nature of the offenses committed and the nature of the punishments imposed." Id. at 1105.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Chalmers v. Tulon Co of Richmond (2×) also: Cited "see"
4th Cir. · 1996 · confidence medium
Id. at 1105.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Maddelena Herbig v. International Business MacHines Corporation (2×)
4th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
The purpose of the prima facie requirement is therefore served and the requirement met upon a showing (1) that plaintiff engaged in prohibited conduct similar to that of a person of another race, color, sex, religion, or national origin, and (2) that disciplinary measures enforced against the plaintiff were more severe than those enforced against the other person. 12 Id. at 1105.
cited Cited "see" Benjamin v. Global Language Center
E.D. Va. · 2025 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte, N.C., 754 F.2d 1100 , 1105–06 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 (1985).
cited Cited "see" Curran v. Bernhardt
D.S.D. · 2024 · signal: see · confidence high
See id.
discussed Cited "see" People v. Hinojoso-Soto
N.Y. App. Div. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
There is "no need for the police to readminister Miranda warnings[ where, as here,] defendant remained in continuous custody, nothing occurred that would have induced defendant to believe he was no longer the focal point of the investigation, and there was [*2]no reason to believe that defendant no longer understood his constitutional rights" ( People v Dudley , 31 AD3d 264, 265 [1st Dept 2006], lv denied 7 NY3d 866 [2006]; see People v Mendez , 77 AD3d 1312, 1312 [4th Dept 2010], lv denied 16 NY3d 799 [2011]; cf. People v Guilford , 21 NY3d 205, 209-213 [2013]; see generally People v Glinsman…
discussed Cited "see" Reed v. District of Columbia
D.D.C. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 572 F.Supp. 354, 371 (D.D.C.1983), aff'd in part, rev’d in part on other grounds, 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir.1984), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" Laborers' International Union v. Brand Energy Services LLC
D.D.C. · 2010 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 572 F.Supp. 354 (D.D.C.1983), aff'd in part, rev’d in part on other grounds, 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir.1984), ce rt. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985), as modified by Save Our Cumberland Mountains, Inc. v. Hodel, 857 F.2d 1516, 1524 (D.C.Cir.1988). 5 .
discussed Cited "see" Roseboro v. Billington
D.D.C. · 2009 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 572 F.Supp. 354, 371 (D.D.C.1983), aff'd in part, rev’d in part on other grounds, 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir. 1984), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" Dawson v. United States (2×)
D.S.C. · 2008 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte, NC, 754 F.2d 1100 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" Agapito v. District of Columbia
D.D.C. · 2007 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 572 F.Supp. 354 (D.D.C.1983), aff'd in part, rev’d in part on other grounds, 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir. 1984), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985), as modified by Save Our Cumberland Mountains, Inc. v. Hodel, 857 F.2d 1516, 1524 (D.C.Cir.1988).
discussed Cited "see" People v. Aleem (2×)
Colo. · 2007 · signal: see · confidence high
See Cornelius, 473 U.S. at 804 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 .
cited Cited "see" Blackman v. District of Columbia
D.D.C. · 2005 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 572 F.Supp. 354 (D.D.C.1983), rev’d on other grounds, 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir.1984), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985). 3 .
discussed Cited "see" Interfaith Community Organization v. Honeywell International, Inc.
D.N.J. · 2004 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir.1984) cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985), overruled in part by Save Our Cumberland Mountains, Inc. v. Hodel, 857 F.2d 1516 (D.C.Cir.1988) (enbanc). 3 .
cited Cited "see" Watkins v. Vance
D.D.C. · 2004 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 572 F.Supp. 354 (D.D.C.1983), rev’d on other grounds, 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir.1984), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" National Conference on Ministry to the Armed Forces v. James
D.D.C. · 2003 · signal: see · confidence high
See id. at 810-811 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 (holding that the record before the Court “amply supported] an inference that [the organization’s] participating in the CFC jeopardized the success of the Campaign ...” and thus OPM would be justified in excluding the organization if its exclusion was not motivated “by a desire to suppress a particular point of view.”).
discussed Cited "see" Janice Adcock-Ladd v. Secretary of Treasury United States Secret Service Department of Treasury
6th Cir. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir.1984), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985), overruled in part by Save Our Cumberland Mountains, Inc. v. Hodel, 857 F.2d 1516 (D.C.Cir.1988) (en banc).
cited Cited "see" People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals v. Giuliani
S.D.N.Y. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See Cornelius, 473 U.S. at 809 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 .
discussed Cited "see" DiLoreto v. Downey Unified School District Board of Education
9th Cir. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See Cornelius, 473 U.S. at 805 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 (“The decision of the Government to limit access to the [forum] is not dispositive in itself; instead, it is relevant for what it suggests about the Government’s intent in creating the forum.”) “This type of selective access does not transform government property into a public forum.” Perry, 460 U.S. at 47 , 103 S.Ct. 948 .
discussed Cited "see" Rita Warren v. Fairfax County
4th Cir. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See Cornelius, 473 U.S. at 799-800 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 (explaining that “[n]othing in the Constitution requires Government freely to grant access to all who wish to exercise their right to free speech on every type of Government property”).
discussed Cited "see" Jones v. Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc. (2×)
S.D. Fla. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See Jones, 874 F.2d at 1539-40 (citing Moore v. City of Charlotte, 754 F.2d 1100, 1105 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985)).
examined Cited "see" Charita D. Chalmers v. Tulon Company of Richmond (4×)
4th Cir. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte, 754 F.2d 1100, 1105-06 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" Margaret S. Hall v. Marion School District Number 2 (2×)
4th Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte, 754 F.2d 1100, 1104 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" Herbig v. International Business MacHines Corp. (2×)
D. Maryland · 1992 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte N.C., 754 F.2d 1100, 1105-06 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" Barbara A. Whalen v. United Air Lines, Inc.
10th Cir. · 1992 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte, 754 F.2d 1100, 1110 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 (1985). 19 Plaintiff also attempted to prove pretext by showing that she did not falsify her pay certs, as Defendant charged.
discussed Cited "see" Lees v. Case-Hoyt Corp. (2×)
W.D.N.Y. · 1991 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte, 754 F.2d 1100 (4th Cir.1985), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
cited Cited "see" Bumpers v. Guarantee Trust Life Insurance Co.
Colo. Ct. App. · 1991 · signal: see · confidence high
See KN Energy, Inc. v. Great Western Sugar Co., 698 P.2d 769 (Colo.1985), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1022 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" Ricardo Rosas v. Michael P.W. Stone, Secretary of the Army (2×)
4th Cir. · 1991 · signal: see · confidence high
See id. at 1105.
discussed Cited "see" Mildred A. Barringer v. At & T Technologies, Inc.
4th Cir. · 1990 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte, 754 F.2d 1100, 1104 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 (1985). 3 We dispense with oral argument because the facts and applicable law are adequately presented in the materials before the Court, and oral argument would not significantly aid the decisional process.
discussed Cited "see" Wilder v. Bernstein
S.D.N.Y. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, 746 F.2d 4, 24 (D.C.Cir.1984) (rate actually charged by a prevailing party’s counsel in private practice will provide fair compensation when used in determining a fee award as long as the rate falls within the range of rates charged by other firms in the community for similar work), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985); Barcia v. Sitkin, 683 F.Supp. 353, 357 (S.D.N.Y.1988) (in determining reasonable hourly rate, court would look first to any existing schedule of fees charged by counsel for services performed in previous or othe…
discussed Cited "see" Sierra Club v. Marsh (2×)
D. Me. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See NAACP v. Legal Defense & Education Fund, 753 F.2d 131, 136-37 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985). 67 .
discussed Cited "see" Springs v. Thomas
D.D.C. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 572 F.Supp. 354, 362-63 (D.D.C.1983) aff'd in part, rev. in part on other grounds, 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cirl984), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985). .
discussed Cited "see" Wilson v. State (2×)
Okla. Crim. App. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See Stout v. State, 693 P.2d 617, 627 (Okl.Cr. 1984), cert. denied 472 U.S. 1022 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" Patterson v. Magna American Corp.
Colo. Ct. App. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See KN Energy, Inc. v. Great Western Sugar Co., 698 P.2d 769 (Colo.1985), ce rt. denied, 472 U.S. 1022 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985). *1388 Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is reversed and the cause is remanded for a new trial.
cited Cited "see" Thompson v. International Ass'n of MacHinists & Aerospace Workers
D.D.C. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir.1984), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" ca4 1986
4th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte, North Carolina, 754 F.2d 1100, 1104 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. ---, 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985). 60 We do not reach such a conviction based simply upon a perception derived from a de novo review of the record that the "actual" facts are other than those found.
cited Cited "see" Warren v. Halstead Industries, Inc.
4th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte, North Carolina, 754 F.2d 1100, 1104 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
discussed Cited "see" Cartwright v. Maynard
10th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See, Stout v. State, 693 P.2d 617 (Okl.Cr.1984), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985), (the defendant killed two people by beating them to death in their bedroom; it does not appear that anyone else was present); To bler v. State, 688 P.2d 350 (Okl.Cr.1984) (two brothers, also alone in their home were murdered at close range with a shotgun); Robinson v. State, 677 P.2d 1080 (Okl.Cr.), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1246 , 104 S.Ct. 3524 , 82 L.Ed.2d 831 (1984), (all three victims were murdered in their home in an attempted robbery); and Dutton v. State, 674 P.2d 1134 (Okl.C…
discussed Cited "see" Cartwright v. Maynard
10th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See, Stout v. State, 693 P.2d 617 (Okl.Cr.1984), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985), (the defendant killed two people by beating them to death in their bedroom; it does not appear that anyone else was present); Tobler v. State, 688 P.2d 350 (Okl.Cr.1984) (two brothers, also alone in their home were murdered at close range with a shotgun); Robinson v. State, 677 P.2d 1080 (Okl.Cr.), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1246 , 104 S.Ct. 3524 , 82 L.Ed.2d 831 (1984), (all three victims were murdered in their home in an attempted robbery); and Dutton v. State, 674 P.2d 1134 (Okl…
discussed Cited "see" Uptain v. Huntington Lab, Inc. (2×)
Colo. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See KN Energy, Inc. v. Great Western Sugar Co., 698 P.2d 769 (Colo.1985), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985); People v. Schwartz, 678 P.2d 1000 (Colo.1984).
cited Cited "see" Jimmie Wilmington v. J.I. Case Company, Jimmie Wilmington v. J.I. Case Company
8th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Moore v. City of Charlotte, 754 F.2d 1100, 1105-06 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
examined Cited "see" Brewer v. State (4×)
Okla. Crim. App. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Stout v. State, 693 P.2d 617 (Okl.Cr.1984), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Chun-Hoon v. McKee Foods Corp.
N.D. Cal. · 2010 · signal: see also · confidence low
B; see also Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 572 F.Supp. 354 (D.D.C.1983), rev’d on other grounds, 746 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir.1984), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , *853 105 S.Ct. 3488 , 87 L.Ed.2d 622 (1985), as modified by Save Our Cumberland Mountains, Inc. v. Model, 857 F.2d 1516 (D.C.Cir.1988).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Williams v. Chertoff (2×)
D.D.C. · 2007 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Moore v. City of Charlotte, 754 *36 F.2d 1100, 1105-06 (4th Cir.1985), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985) (plaintiff may establish prima facie case by showing he was disciplined more severely than person of a different “race, color, sex, religion, or national origin” who engaged in the same prohibited conduct).
cited Cited "see, e.g." Pruitt v. Howard Co. Sheriff's Dep't
4th Cir. · 1996 · signal: see also · confidence low
Corp., 988 F.2d 507, 511 (4th Cir. 1993); see also Moore v. City of Charlotte, NC, 754 F.2d 1100, 1105-06 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 (1985).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Donald L. Pruitt Dennis L. Pruitt v. Howard County Sheriff's Department Michael A. Chiuchiolo, Sheriff, Howard County Herbert Stonesifer
4th Cir. · 1996 · signal: see also · confidence low
Corp., 988 F.2d 507, 511 (4th Cir.1993); see also Moore v. City of Charlotte, NC, 754 F.2d 1100, 1105-06 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1021 (1985). 15 In granting the Department's motion under Rule 12(b)(6), the district court concluded that the face of the Pruitts' complaint did not state a prima facie claim of discrimination.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Frederick v. State (2×)
Okla. Crim. App. · 1995 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Stout v. State, 693 P.2d 617, 620 (Okl.Cr. 1984), cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1022 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." State v. Lefebvre
Okla. Crim. App. · 1994 · signal: see also · confidence low
Allen, 803 P.2d at 1169 ; See also, Wilkerson v. District Court of McIntosh County, 839 P.2d 659, 661 (Okl.Cr.1992) (The severest sanctions may be appropriate against a defendant who does not comply with a discovery order where noncompliance is flagrant, even if that means denying the accused the right to present witnesses in his own defense.) Trial courts are and must be cloaked with broad judicial discretion regarding pre-trial discovery to ensure timely disclosure, Stout v. State, 693 P.2d 617, 625 (Okl.Cr.1984), cert. denied 472 U.S. 1022 , 105 S.Ct. 3489 , 87 L.Ed.2d 623 (1985), which inc…
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
v.
N. A. A. C. P. Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
No. 84-1678.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jun 17, 1985.
472 U.S. 1021
Consideration, Took.
Published

C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.

Justice Marshall took no part in the consideration or decision of this petition.