green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 3×
9.5 score
G Cite
cited 2× by 2 distinct cases, last quoted 1988 ·
…he appointment by the state of a majority of an institution's board is either determinative of state action or an important factor in establishing state action.
⚠ not in text
Treatment trajectory · 1978 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1978
2002
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 38 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited "but see"
Robert Janusaitis v. Middlebury Volunteer Fire Department
See, e. g., Weise v. Syracuse University, 522 F.2d 397, 406 (2d Cir. 1975); but cf. Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1 , 6 at n.5 (1st Cir. 1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1979).
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Jones v. Duncan
he appointment by the state of a majority of an institution's board is either determinative of state action or an important factor in establishing state action.
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Jones v. Duncan
he appointment by the state of a majority of an institution's board is either determinative of state action or an important factor in establishing state action.
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
United States v. Gimbel
we do not here decide constitutional' questions raised because they are not properly before us.
discussed
Cited "see"
Dorothy J. v. Little Rock School District
See Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978); Conner v. Santa Ana, 897 F.2d 1487 , 1492 n. 9 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 498 U.S. -, 111 S.Ct. 59 , 112 L.Ed.2d 34 (1990).
discussed
Cited "see"
Wyatt v. Cole
(2×)
See Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F. 2d 1, 15-16 (CA1), cert. denied, 439 U. S. 910 (1978); Conner v. Santa Ana, 897 F. 2d 1487 , 1492, n. 9 (CA9), cert. denied, 498 U. S. 816 (1990); Howerton v. Gabica, 708 F. 2d 380, 385, n. 10 (CA9 1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
Jones v. Preuit & Mauldin
See Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978); Howerton v. Gabica, 708 F.2d 380 , 385 n. 10 (9th Cir.1983). 12 At the time of section 1983's enactment, the common law provided an action for the tort of malicious prosecution, which was used as a remedy for wrongful attachment.
cited
Cited "see"
Jones v. Preuit & Mauldin
See Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978); Howerton v. Gabica, 708 F.2d 380 , 385 n. 10 (9th Cir.1983).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. James L. Harrold, Sr.
See United States v. Fitzgibbon, 576 F.2d 279, 283 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 279 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978).
cited
Cited "see"
California ex rel. California Air Resources Board v. United States Environmental Protection Agency
See Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. v. EPA, 572 F.2d 1150 , 1163-64 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978).
discussed
Cited "see"
State of California, Ex Rel. State of California Air Resources Board and California Resources Agency the California Department of Transportation: California Tahoe Regional Planning Agency v. United States Environmental Protection Agency, an Agency of the United States, and Anne M. Gorsuch, in Her Capacity as Administrator, Etc., Department of Conservation & Natural Resources of the State of Nevada, Respondent-Intervenor. League to Save Lake Tahoe, a Nonprofit California Corporation v. United States Environmental Protection Agency, an Agency of the United States, and Anne M. Gorsuch, in Her Capacity as Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, State of Nevada, Ex Rel. Department of Conservation and Natural Resources v. United States Environmental Protection Agency, an Agency of the United States and William H. Ruckelshaus, in His Capacity as Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, State of California, Ex Rel. John K. Van De Kamp, in His Capacity as State Attorney General, and League to Save Lake Tahoe, a Nonprofit California Corporation v. United States Environmental Protection Agency, an Agency of the United States and William D. Ruckelshaus, in His Capacity as Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, State of Nevada, Respondent-Intervenor
See Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. v. EPA, 572 F.2d 1150 , 1163-64 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978). 27 Nevada next contends that California's SIP does not provide for attainment as expeditiously as possible because it does not include some of the measures adopted by the California Air Resources Board and which were included in an earlier implementation plan.
discussed
Cited "see"
Air Pollution Control District Of Jefferson County, Kentucky v. United States Environmental Protection Agency
See Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. v. EPA, 572 F.2d 1150 , 1160 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978) 7 The criteria are as follows: (1) a demonstration establishing the existence and geographic boundaries of the nonattainment or PSD area which is the subject of the petition; (2) a demonstration that achievement of ambient air quality standards, or of measures necessary to prevent significant deterioration or to protect visibility, is prevented by the named out-of-state sources; and (3) indications that sources within the petitioning states which im…
cited
Cited "see"
Air Pollution Control District v. United States Environmental Protection Agency
See Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. v. EPA, 572 F.2d 1150 , 1160 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978). .
cited
Cited "see"
Wisconsin Electric Power Co. v. Costle
See Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. v. EPA, 572 F.2d 1150 , 1164 (6th Cir.1978), cert, denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978).
cited
Cited "see"
Wisconsin Electric Power Company v. Douglas M. Costle, Administrator, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Wisconsin Electric Power Company v. Anne M. Gorsuch, Administrator, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency
See Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. v. EPA, 572 F.2d 1150 , 1164 (6th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Don Bruce Duncan
(2×)
Accord United States v. Fitzgibbon, 576 F.2d 279, 283 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 279 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978). .
discussed
Cited "see"
State of Connecticut v. Environmental Protection Agency, Anne M. Gorsuch, Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency, and Long Island Lighting Company, Inc., Intervenor. The Connecticut Fund for the Environment, Inc. v. Anne M. Gorsuch, Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency, and Environmental Protection Agency, and Long Island Lighting Company, Inc., Intervenor
Sec. 51.24(k) (1982), (hereinafter "Guideline on Air Quality Models" or "Guideline"); see generally Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company v. EPA, 572 F.2d 1150 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 279 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978). 29 Petitioners challenge the EPA's use of the CRSTER model claiming that it is inadequate to measure the meteorological and terrain complexities created by the flow of air across Long Island Sound from New York to Connecticut. 23 One such problem raised by petitioners is the phenomenon of "fumigation." Fumigation occurs when the stream of air ("plume") carr…
discussed
Cited "see"
Connecticut v. Environmental Protection Agency
See Guideline on Air Quality Models (Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards 1.2-080, EPA, April 1978) incorporated by reference 40 C.F.R. § 51.24 (k) (1982), (hereinafter “Guideline on Air Quality Models” or “Guideline”); see generally Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company v. EPA, 572 F.2d 1150 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 279 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Keith Lamont Hart
See United States v. Curtis, 562 F.2d 1153 (9th Cir. 1977), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 279 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978); United States v. Frazier, 434 F.2d 994 (5th Cir. 1970).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Arthur Fera
See United States v. Curtis, 562 F.2d 1153, 1154 (9th Cir. 1977), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 279 , 58 *595 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978); United States v. Springer, 460 F.2d 1344, 1347 (7th Cir. 1972), cert, denied, 409 U.S. 873 , 93 S.Ct. 205 , 34 L.Ed.2d 125 (1972); United States v. Frazier, 434 F.2d 994 (5th Cir. 1970).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Jose Vidal Nieves and Maria Isabel Figueroa
See United States v. Fitzgibbon, 576 F.2d 279 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 279 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978); United States v. Chase, 503 F.2d 571 (9th Cir. 1974), cert. denied, 420 U.S. 948 , 95 S.Ct. 1332 , 43 L.Ed.2d 427 (1975). 6 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Theodore D. Sauers, Through His Guardian, Irene G. Ellis v. Alaska Barge and Transport, Inc., an Alaska Corp., and the United States of America
See Puget Sound Gillnetters Assoc, v. United States District Court, 573 F.2d 1123 , 1131 (9th Cir.), cert. granted, 439 U.S. 909 , 99 S.Ct. 277 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978) (Rule 15(b) Fed.R.Civ.P. standards applicable to modification of pleadings or pretrial order to conform to evidence presented); Dering v. Williams, 378 F.2d 417, 419 (9th Cir. 1967); American Pipe & Steel Corp. v. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co., 292 F.2d 640, 643 (9th Cir. 1961).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Paul E. Sherman v. Four County Counseling Center, Douglas Cox, Cass Superior Court Judge, and Gary Boyles, Officer
See, e.g., Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1, 15-16 (1st Cir.) (spendthrift guardian who had ward sterilized against her will not entitled to qualified immunity), cert. denied sub nom., Hogan v. Downs, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978); Howerton, 708 F.2d at 385 n. 10 (9th Cir.1983); Duncan, 844 F.2d at 1261 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Katherine Crippa, Etc. v. Michael S. Dukakis, Etc., Appeal of Craig Fox, Etc.
See also Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1, 14 (1st Cir.) (“[I]n the absence of any factual development as to the nature of the [social worker] positions involved and the range of responsibilities committed to these defendants, it would be inappropriate at this point for this court to attempt to answer ... [the] crucial question [whether defendants are protected by qualified immunity.]”), cer t. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
No. 87-2817
Compare Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1, 15-16 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978) (private parties not entitled to immunity) with Buller v. Buechler, 706 F.2d 844 , 850-53 (8th Cir.1983) (immunity attaches to private parties); Folsom Investment Co. v. Moore, 681 F.2d 1032, 1037-38 (5th Cir. Unit A 1982) (same); Jones v. Preuit & Mauldin, 851 F.2d 1321 (11th Cir.1988) (en banc) (same) 5 Kennerly v. United States, 721 F.2d 1252, 1259 (9th Cir.1983) is not to the contrary.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
F.E. Trotter, Inc. v. Watkins
Compare Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1, 15-16 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978) (private parties not entitled to immunity) with Buller v. Buechler, 706 F.2d 844 , 850-53 (8th Cir.1983) (immunity attaches to private parties); Folsom Investment Co. v. Moore, 681 F.2d 1032, 1037-38 (5th Cir. Unit A 1982) (same); Jones v. Preuit & Mauldin, 851 F.2d 1321 (11th Cir.1988) (en banc) (same). .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Drs. Steuer & Latham, P.A. v. National Medical Enterprises, Inc.
(2×)
Pfizer & Co., 246 F.Supp. 464 (E.D.N.Y.1965); see also, Cullum Electric & Mechanical, Inc. v. Mechanical Contractors Assn., 436 F.Supp. 418, 425 (D.S.C.1976), aff'd, 569 F.2d 821 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 277 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978). *1521 As discussed above, defendants’ decision not to renew the plaintiffs’ contract to provide pathology services at the hospital can in no sense be construed as the product of an antitrust conspiracy, and the absence of market power belies any inference of specific intent to monopolize.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Hooks v. Hooks
Elam, 573 F.Supp. at 805 ; see also Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1 , 16 & n. 19 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Hooks v. Hooks
Elam, 573 F.Supp. at 805 ; see also Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1 , 16 & n. 19 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Shaun Baldacchino
See also United States v. Curtis, 562 F.2d 1153, 1154 (9th Cir.1977), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 279 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978); United States v. Springer, 460 F.2d 1344, 1347 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 409 U.S. 873 , 93 S.Ct. 205 , 34 L.Ed.2d 125 (1972).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Dressman v. Costle
See also Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. v. EPA, 572 F.2d 1150 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Dressman v. Costle
See also Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. v. EPA, 572 F.2d 1150 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978). 25 In their petition for review, the Judge-Executives contend that the Administrator's September 22, 1980, rulemaking was unconstitutional because it violated the tenth amendment and deprived the counties of valuable property rights without due process.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Bennett L. Crowder, II v. J.K. Conlan
See also Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 (1978) (appointment of entire Board of Directors of hospital by public officials and distribution of hospital’s profits to town support finding of “state action”).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
J.D. Franks and Margaret Franks v. Van Smith, Etc.
See, e.g., Downs v. Sawtelle, 574 F.2d 1, 10 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 278 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Smith v. Taylor County Publishing Co.
See also, Palm Beach Newspapers Inc. v. Early, 334 So.2d 351 (Fla. 1977), cert. den., 439 U.S. 910 (1978); Coleman v. Collins, 384 So.2d 229 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
The United States Trotting Association v. Chicago Downs Association, Inc.
(2×)
See also Cullum Electrical & Mechanical, Inc. v. Mechanical Contractors of South Carolina, 436 F.Supp. 418, 430 (D.S.C.1976), affirmed, 569 F.2d 821 (4th Cir. 1978), certiorari denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 277 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States Trotting Ass'n v. Chicago Downs Ass'n
(2×)
See also Cullum Electrical & Mechanical, Inc. v. Mechanical Contractors of South Carolina, 436 F.Supp. 418, 430 (D.S.C.1976), affirmed, 569 F.2d 821 (4th Cir. 1978), certiorari denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 277 , 58 L.Ed.2d 255 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Luc-Thirion
See, e. g., United States v. Fitzgibbon, 576 F.2d 279 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 , 99 S.Ct. 279 , 58 L.Ed.2d 256 (1978); United States v. Chase, 503 F.2d 571 (9th Cir. 1974), cert. denied, 420 U.S. 948 , 95 S.Ct. 1332 , 43 L.Ed.2d 427 (1975); United States v. Stornini, 443 F.2d 833 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 861 , 92 S.Ct. 162 , 30 L.Ed.2d 104 (1971); Henderson v. United States, 390 F.2d 805 (9th Cir. 1967).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Early
v.
Palm Beach Newspapers, Inc.
v.
Palm Beach Newspapers, Inc.
No. 77-1649.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Oct 16, 1978.
Cited by 1 opinion | Published
Citer courts: Sixth Circuit (2) · E.D. Wisconsin (1)
Dist. Ct. App. Fla., 4th Dist. Certiorari denied.