Woodard v. Wachovia Bank & Trust Co., 447 U.S. 928 (1980). · Go Syfert
Woodard v. Wachovia Bank & Trust Co., 447 U.S. 928 (1980). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“the coercive element on the part of the official, and the 'duress' or 'fear' element on the part of the 'victim' are implied from the public official's position of authority over the victim.”
249 citation events (14 in the last 25 years) across 57 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: United States v. Bob A. Clapps, United States of America v. Robert T. Powell (ca3, 1984-05-10)
Treatment trajectory · 1981 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1981 2003 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 42 distinct citers.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. Bob A. Clapps, United States of America v. Robert T. Powell
3rd Cir. · 1984 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
time, effort and expectations
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. James A. Kelly, Jr.
1st Cir. · 1983 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
the coercive element on the part of the official, and the 'duress' or 'fear' element on the part of the 'victim' are implied from the public official's position of authority over the victim.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. Eugene Boffa, Sr., Robert Boffa, Sr., Louis S. Kalmar, Sr., and Chandler Lemon
3rd Cir. · 1982 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
time, effort and expectations
discussed Cited "see" United States of America v. Reginald Chandler
8th Cir. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
Thus, when offered as impeachment of Jackson’s hearsay, the omission in Vera’s report is an example of “silence ... so ambiguous that it is of little probative force.” United States v. Hale, 422 U.S. 171, 176 , 95 S.Ct. 2133 , 45 L.Ed.2d 99 (1975); see United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 756-57 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928, 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Reginald Chandler
8th Cir. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
Thus, when offered as impeachment of Jackson’s hearsay, the omission in Vera’s report is an example of “silence . . . so ambiguous that it is of little probative force.” United States v. Hale, 422 U.S. 171, 176 (1975); see United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746 , 756- 57 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Mischalski v. Ford Motor Co.
E.D.N.Y · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 757 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Ruggiero
S.D.N.Y. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 755 (2d Cir.1980) (trial court was correct in not requiring pretrial testimony of identifying witnesses where there was no threshold showing of suggestiveness), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Michael T. Stewart
9th Cir. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167, 1173 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 (1980); United States v. McDonald, 576 F.2d 1350, 1359-60 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 830 , 927 (1978); see also United States v. Garner, 663 F.2d 834, 838 (9th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 905 (1982). 8 In reviewing a claim of insufficient evidence, we view the record in the light most favorable to the government and determine whether any rational trier of fact could have found the contested element beyond a reasonable doubt.
cited Cited "see" United States v. Padilla
9th Cir. · 1992 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 752 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980).
cited Cited "see" ca9 1992
9th Cir. · 1992 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 752 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Garza v. State
Tex. Crim. App. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Schaefer, 691 F.2d 639 (3rd Cir.1982), and United States v. Leonardi, 447, 623 F.2d 746 (2nd Cir.1980), cert. denied 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 .
cited Cited "see" Robinson v. Scully
S.D.N.Y. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980).
cited Cited "see" California Architectural Building Products, Inc. v. Franciscan Ceramics, Inc.
9th Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
Schreiber, 806 F.2d at 1399-400 ; see United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167 , 1171 & n. 7 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980).
cited Cited "see" California Architectural Building Products, Inc. v. Franciscan Ceramics, Inc.
9th Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
Schreiber, 806 F.2d at 1399-400 ; see United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167 , 1171 & n. 7 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" State v. Griffith
Fla. Dist. Ct. App. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746 (2d Cir.) (where existence, identity, and potential value of witness were known to police prior to illegal seizure of witness's driver's license, witness could not be considered "found" as a consequence of the illegal search), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980); United States v. Fredericks, 586 F.2d 470 (5th Cir.1978) (suppression of evidence not required despite illegal search where government agents had ascertained witness's identity, her relationship with one defendant, and critical portion of her testimony prior …
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Wayne Martin
9th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See U.S. v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167 (9th Cir.) (a specific intent requirement eliminates the objection that the statute punishes the accused for an offense of which he was unaware), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" James Lee Spencer v. Ralph Kemp, Warden, Georgia Diagnostic & Classification Center, Respondent (2×)
11th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
There are Georgia cases indicating that a jury is "put upon" a defendant prior to the commencement of voir dire, e.g., Britten v. State, 221 Ga. 97 , 143 S.E.2d 176, 178 (1965), cert. denied, 384 U.S. 1014 , 86 S.Ct. 1944 , 16 L.Ed.2d 1035 (1966); Felker v. Johnson, 53 Ga.App. 390 , 186 S.E. 144, 146 (1936), as well as cases indicating that voir dire is included within the process of putting a jury on a defendant, e.g., Walls v. State, 161 Ga.App. 235 , 291 S.E.2d 15, 17-18 (1982); see Pulliam v. Balkcom, 245 Ga. 99 , 263 S.E.2d 123, 126-27 , cert. denied, 447 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 3023 , 65 L.…
discussed Cited "see" United States v. F. Thomas Little, United States of America v. Peter Chernik, United States of America v. Harold Grutchfield
9th Cir. · 1985 · signal: accord · confidence high
Accord United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167, 1173-74 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980); United States v. Broncheau, 597 F.2d 1260, 1263 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 859 , 100 S.Ct. 123 , 62 L.Ed.2d 80 (1979).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Robert Archibald
2d Cir. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 755 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed. 1123 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. David A. Feldman
7th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167, 1172 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980); United States v. Bryza, 522 F.2d 414, 422 (7th Cir.1975), cert. denied, 426 U.S. 912 , 96 S.Ct. 2237 , 48 L.Ed.2d 837 (1976); United States v. George, 477 F.2d 508, 513 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 414 U.S. 827 , 94 S.Ct. 158 , 38 L.Ed.2d 61 (1973).
discussed Cited "see" Thompson v. Community Action of Greater Wilmington, Inc.
D. Del. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Griffith v. Beil-Whitley Community Action Agency, 614 F.2d 1102, 1109 (6th Cir.) (no nexus because discretion to terminate employees left to agency), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3025 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980); Joseph v. Community Action Comm’n to Help the Economy, Inc., 503 F.Supp. 73 , 75 & n. 6 (S.D.N.Y.1980) (even though public board members involved, no nexus between state and personnel decisions); Joseph v. Ulster County Community Action Comm’n, 475 F.Supp. 944, 948 (S.D.N.Y.1979) (state not involved in personnel decisions). 13 .
cited Cited "see" United States v. Edwin R. Salovitz
2d Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 757 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" David Dickerson v. Walter Fogg (2×)
2d Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 754-55 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980); United States v. Jarvis, 560 F.2d 494, 499-500 (2d Cir. 1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 934 , 98 S.Ct. 1511 , 55 L.Ed.2d 532 (1978).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Lanigan
E.D. Pa. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167, 1172 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Newsom v. Vanderbilt University
6th Cir. · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
See Jackson v. Norton-Children's Hospitals, Inc., 487 F.2d 502, 503 (6th Cir. 1973) (per curiam), cert. denied, 416 U.S. 1000 , 94 S.Ct. 2413 , 40 L.Ed.2d 776 (1974). 66 This Court rejected an analogous claim of state action in Griffith v. Bell-Whitley Community Action Agency, 614 F.2d 1102, 1108-10 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3025 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Commonwealth v. Sullivan
pactcompllawren · 2003 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also, United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167, 1173-75 (9th Cir.) (rejecting vagueness challenge to mail fraud statute), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980). “[16] To state the governing law on this issue is to reject the defendant’s vagueness attack on section 843(b).
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Mejia-Valez
E.D.N.Y · 1994 · signal: see also · confidence low
Id.; see also United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 756-57 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Bryser
S.D.N.Y. · 1993 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167, 1171-72 (9th Cir.), cert. denied 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980); United States v. Armantrout, 411 F.2d 60 (2d Cir.1969). 1 This construction accords with the, plain meaning of 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 1343, which prohibits use of the mails or interstate wire facilities to further “any scheme or artifice to defraud or for obtaining money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises ...” (emphasis added).
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Sheldon Schoenborn
7th Cir. · 1993 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also United States v. Leonardi 623 F.2d 746, 757 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 and 449 U.S. 884 , 101 S.Ct. 236 , 66 L.Ed.2d 109 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Werner Bruchhausen (2×)
9th Cir. · 1992 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167, 1170-73 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." State v. Doughty (2×)
Minn. · 1991 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 751-52 (2d Cir.) (admitting testimony as part of a plea agreement by government witness whose testimony was motivated in part by incriminating evidence discovered during illegal search), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980); United States v. Brookins, 614 F.2d 1037, 1043 (5th Cir.1980) (stating that the witness’ “testimony was ‘in no way coerced’ in the Ceccolini sense, although it was partially induced by a grant of immunity”); United States v. Stevens, 612 F.2d 1226, 1229 (10th Cir.1979) (stating th…
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Paul O'Dell
6th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Butler, 618 F.2d 411, 421 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 3024 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1121 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Jarrett v. Headley
S.D.N.Y. · 1986 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 755 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980); United States v. Field, 625 F.2d 862, 869 (9th Cir.1980); United States v. Jarvis, 560 F.2d 494, 500 (2d Cir.1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 934 , 98 S.Ct. 1511 , 55 L.Ed.2d 532 (1978).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." People v. Briggs (2×)
Colo. · 1985 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3027 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1123 (1980) (decision to cooperate with authorities made out of self-interest and, thus, voluntary); United States v. Mergist, 738 F.2d 645 (5th Cir.1984) (attenuation found where witness testified as to the voluntariness of his testimony); United States v. Evans, 454 F.2d 813 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 406 U.S. 969 , 92 S.Ct. 2423 , 32 L.Ed.2d 668 (1972) (attenuation found where witness elected to plead guilty and volunteered to testify against other defendants); Smith v. United…
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Cleveland R. Rodgers
7th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167, 1173-75 (9th Cir.) (rejecting vagueness challenge to mail fraud statute), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Bennett L. Crowder, II v. J.K. Conlan
6th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see also · confidence low
Edison Co., 419 U.S. at 350 , 95 S.Ct. at 453 ; see also Griffith v. Bell-Whitley Community Action Agency, 614 F.2d 1102, 1109 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3025 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 (1980).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Commonwealth v. Toto
Mass. App. Ct. · 1983 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also United States v. Leonardi, 623 F.2d 746, 754-755 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 (1980); United States v. Moskowitz, 581 F.2d 14, 19-20 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 871 (1978); Styers v. Smith, 659.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Attorney Grievance Commission v. Mandel (2×)
Md. · 1982 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See e.g., United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167, 1171 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3026 (1980); United States v. Wrehe, 628 F.2d 1079, 1082 (8th Cir.1980); United States v. Jordan, 626 F.2d 928, 930 (D.C.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Joseph M. Margiotta (2×)
2d Cir. · 1982 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Butler, 618 F.2d 411 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 3024 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1121 (1980); United States v. Trotta, supra. In light of Ralph Caso’s testimony that he was unaware of any commission sharing by the Williams Agency and the absence of proof, or contention by the Government, that Caso was party to the secret understandings concerning the designation of the Agency as Broker of Record for Town and County, it is likely that the public officials could not be found guilty of a Hobbs Act violation under color of official right, since it could not b…
cited Cited "see, e.g." Enrique Cervantes v. Ramiro Guerra
5th Cir. · 1981 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Griffith v. Bell-Whitley Community Action Agency, 6th Cir., 614 F.2d 1102, 1107-10 , cert. denied, 1980, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 3025 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1122 .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Garden State Bar Ass'n v. Middlesex County Ethics Committee
3rd Cir. · 1981 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e. g., Rosenthal v. Carr, 614 F.2d 1219 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 3024 , 65 L.Ed.2d 1121 (1980); Gipson v. New Jersey, Supreme Court, 558 F.2d 701 (3d Cir. 1977) ; Anonymous J. v. Bar Ass’n of Erie Co., 515 F.2d 435 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 840 , 96 S.Ct. 71 , 46 L.Ed.2d 60 (1975); Goodrich v. Supreme Court of South Dakota, 511 F.2d 316 , 317 n.2 (8th Cir. 1975); Tedesco v. O’Sullivan, 420 F.Supp. 194 (D.Conn.1976); Doe v. State Bar of California, 415 F.Supp. 308 (N.D.Cal.1976), aff’d 582 F.2d 25 (9th Cir. 1978) ; Mildner v. Gulotta, 405 F.Supp. 182…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Attorney Grievance Commission v. Klauber
Md. · 1981 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Bohonus, 628 F.2d 1167, 1171 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 928 , 100 S. Ct. 3026 (1980); United States v. Wrehe, 628 F.2d 1079, 1082 (8th Cir. 1980); United States v. Jordan, 626 F.2d 928, 930 (D.C.
Woodard
v.
Wachovia Bank & Trust Co.
No. 79-6488.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jun 16, 1980.
447 U.S. 928

C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.