green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 2×
8.5 score
“any activity seeking to solicit political contributions necessarily interferes with that function by competing with the merchant tenants for the funds of patrons.”
Treatment trajectory · 1988 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1988
2007
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 25 distinct citers.
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Baca v. Moreno Valley Unified School Dist.
a regulating authority may not adopt rules which preclude the exercise of free expression in an appropriate place, even on the ground another place is available.
examined
Cited as authority (quoted)
New Jersey Coalition Against War in the Middle East v. J.M.B. Realty Corp.
(2×)
any activity seeking to solicit political contributions necessarily interferes with that function by competing with the merchant tenants for the funds of patrons.
cited
Cited "see"
Jamie Lee Fells v. Commonwealth
See Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307, 331 , 362 S.E.2d 650, 663-64 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 (1988); Smallwood v. Commonwealth, 14 Va. App. 527, 530 , 418 S.E.2d 567, 568 (1992).
discussed
Cited "see"
Quy Thi Nguyen, s/k/a, etc v. Commonwealth
See Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307, 319 , 362 S.E.2d 650, 656-57 (1987) (holding that pro se representation is not "good cause" for failing to object), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 (1988); Snurkowski v. Commonwealth, 2 Va. App. 532, 536 , 348 S.E.2d 1, 3 (1986) (holding that futility of an objection is not "good cause" for failing to object); see also Campbell v. Commonwealth, 14 Va. App. 988, 996 , 421 S.E.2d 652, 656-57 (1992) (Barrow, J., concurring).
discussed
Cited "see"
Phillips v. State
(2×)
See Castro v. State, 749 P.2d 1146, 1150 (Okl.Cr.1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see"
Stinnie v. Commonwealth
(2×)
See Baity v. Commonwealth, 16 Va.App. 497, 507 , 431 S.E.2d 891, 897 (1993) (citing Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307 , 362 S.E.2d 650 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1249 , 99 L.Ed.2d 447 (1988)); Nelms v. Commonwealth, 11 Va. App. 639, 641-42 , 400 S.E.2d 799, 800-01 (1991); Cantwell v. Commonwealth, 2 Va. App. 606, 609-13 , 347 S.E.2d 523, 524-27 (1986).
cited
Cited "see"
Brown v. Commonwealth
See Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307 , 325 n. 6, 362 S.E.2d 650 , 660 n. 6 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1249 , 99 L.Ed.2d 447 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see"
Patricia A. Jones v. Commonwealth
See Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307, 334 , 362 S.E.2d 650, 655 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 (1988) (holding that the exclusion of every reasonable hypothesis rule cannot be invoked unless the entire evidence is circumstantial). - 5 - For the reasons stated, we hold that venue was proved and the evidence is sufficient to support appellant's convictions.
discussed
Cited "see"
Esty v. State
See Smith v. State, 515 So.2d 182, 183 (Fla. 1987) (submission of additional witness list on day of trial was not discovery violation), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1249 , 99 L.Ed.2d 447 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see"
Newsome v. Newsome
See Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307, 319 , 362 S.E.2d 650, 656-57 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 (1988) (decided under Rule 5:25, the Supreme Court’s counterpart to Rule 5A:18). [A party] may meet the mandates of Rule 5A:18 in many ways.
discussed
Cited "see"
Castro v. State
See, Castro v. State, 745 P.2d 394 (Okl.Cr.1987), reh’g denied 749 P.2d 1146 (Okl.Cr.1987), cert. denied, Castro v. Oklahoma 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988); Castro v. State, 814 P.2d 158 (Okl.Cr.1991), cert. denied, Castro v. Oklahoma, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 947 , 117 L.Ed.2d 116 (1992).
discussed
Cited "see"
Baity v. Commonwealth
(2×)
See Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307, 322-23 , 362 S.E.2d 650, 658-59 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1249 , 99 L.Ed.2d 447 (1988).
cited
Cited "see"
Stewart v. Commonwealth
See Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307, 332, 362 S.E.2d 650, 664 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see"
Castro v. State
(2×)
See Castro v. State, 745 P.2d 394, 400 (Okl.Cr. 1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988); Van Woundenberg v. State, 720 P.2d 328 (Okl.Cr. 1986), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 956 , 107 S.Ct. 447 , 93 L.Ed.2d 395 (1986).
cited
Cited "see"
Stiles v. State
See Castro v. State, 745 P.2d 394 (Okl.Cr.1987), on reh’g., 749 P.2d 1146 , cert. denied 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988). 8 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Battenfield v. State
See Castro v. State, 745 P.2d 394, 400 (Okl.Cr.1987), cert. denied 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988); Darden v. Wainwright, 477 U.S. 168, 175 , 106 S.Ct. 2464, 2469 , 91 L.Ed.2d 144 (1986); Coleman v. Brown, 802 F.2d 1227 , 1232 n. 2 (10th Cir.1986), cert. denied 482 U.S. 909 , 107 S.Ct. 2491 , 96 L.Ed.2d 383 (1987).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Castro v. State of Oklahoma
Id. at 408-09 ; see also Castro v. State, 749 P.2d 1146, 1148-49 (Okla.Crim.App.1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988). 8 The State relied on three factors to support the continuing threat aggravating circumstance: Mr. Castro's pretrial escape from Kay County Jail; his confession to committing a prior murder; 4 and his confession to committing two earlier armed robberies in Ponca City.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Castro v. Oklahoma
Id. at 408-09 ; see also Castro v. State, 749 P.2d 1146, 1148-49 (Okla.Crim.App.1987), cer t. denied, 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Jonathan Alexander Granger v. Commonwealth
See also Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307, 332 , 362 S.E.2d 650, 664 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Husske v. Commonwealth
(2×)
See also Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307, 331-32 , 362 S.E.2d 650, 664 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1249 , 99 L.Ed.2d 447 (1988) (that defendant may have benefitted from an expert who might explain to the jury "such tricks of the mind as were or might have been employed by the police" did not mean that defendant was deprived of the ability to present a fair defense).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Fisher v. State
(2×)
See also Castro v. State, 745 P.2d 394, 407 (Okl.Cr.1987), cert. denied 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988). 1 Regarding appellant’s argument that the evidence was insufficient to support the jury’s finding of this aggravating circumstance, we note that this issue was addressed on direct appeal pursuant to the above standard.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Clayton v. State
(2×)
See also Castro v. State, 745 P.2d 394 (Okl.Cr.1987), cert. denied 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988).
examined
Cited "see, e.g."
Allen v. State
(4×)
See also Castro v. State, 745 P.2d 394 (Okl.Cr. 1787), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988), on reh. 749 P.2d 1146 (Okl.Cr. 1987), cert. denied 485 U.S. 971 , 108 S.Ct. 1248 , 99 L.Ed.2d 446 (1988); Stouffer v. State, 738 P.2d 1349 (Okl.Cr. 1987), on rehearing, 742 P.2d 562 (Okl.Cr. 1987), cert. denied 484 U.S. 1036 , 108 S.Ct. 763 , 98 L.Ed.2d 779 (1988).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Spencer v. Commonwealth
See also Townes v. Commonwealth, 234 Va. 307, 318 , 362 S.E.2d 650, 656 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 971 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Maynard v. Cartwright
(2×)
See also Castro v. State, 745 P. 2d 394, 408-409 (1987), cert. denied, 485 U. S. 971 (1988).
Spencer
v.
United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
v.
United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
No. 87-6058.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Mar 21, 1988.
485 U.S. 971
Published
Citer courts: Supreme Court of New Jersey (2) · C.D. California (1)
484 U. S. 1071. Petition for rehearing denied.