green
Positive treatment
8.7 score
Treatment trajectory · 1980 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1980
2003
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 31 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Environmental Ins. Declaratory Judgment Actions
The Ninth Circuit reasoned that "[a]fter employing an historical test for almost two hundred years, it is doubtful that the Supreme Court would attempt to make such a radical departure from its prior interpretation of a constitutional provision in a footnote." Id. at 425 (discussing Ross v. Bernhard, 396 U.S. 531 , 538 n. 10, 90 S.Ct. 733 , 738 n. 10, 24 L.Ed. 2d 729 , 736 n. 10 (1970)).
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Ciba-Geigy Corp. v. Liberty Mutual Insurance
The Ninth Circuit reasoned that “[ajfter employing an historical test for almost two hundred years, it is doubtful that the Supreme Court would attempt to make such a radical departure from its prior interpretation of a constitutional provision in a footnote.” Id. at 425 (discussing Ross v. Bernhard, 396 U.S. 531 , 538 n. 10, 90 S.Ct. 733 , 738 n. 10, 24 L.Ed.2d 729 , 736 n. 10 (1970)).
cited
Cited as authority (rule)
Gene E. Phillips v. Alan C. Kaplus and the Johnson Collection, Inc.
Id. at 426, n. 48, citing Parkiane Hosiery Co. v. Shore, 439 U.S. 322 , 99 S.Ct. 645 , 58 L.Ed.2d 552 (1979); Atlas Roofing Co. v. Occup.
discussed
Cited "see"
Doe v. United States
(2×)
See Lanuza v. Love , 899 F.3d 1019 , 1026 (9th Cir. 2018) (citing Abbasi , 137 S.Ct. at 1860 -64 ) ("While the Supreme Court has not extended Bivens to a case involving the substantive and procedural clauses of the Fifth Amendment, Abbasi did not preclude the possibility of such an extension."). 23 The Fourth Circuit, in Loe v. Armistead , extended a Bivens remedy at the motion to dismiss stage against federal officials who deliberately denied plaintiff adequate medical care in violation of his due process rights under the Fifth Amendment. 582 F.2d 1291 , 1294-96 (4th Cir. 1978), cert. denied …
discussed
Cited "see"
Coppage v. Mann
(2×)
See Loe v. Armistead, 582 F.2d 1291, 1296 (4th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Carolee Brady Hartman All Other Approx. 50 Additional v. Joseph Duffey, Director, United States Information Agency All Other One Additional Carolee Brady Hartman All Other Approx. 50 Additional v. Joseph Duffey, Director, United States Information Agency All Other One Additional
(2×)
Accord Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367, 1386 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980); Marks v. San Francisco Real Estate Bd., 627 F.2d 947, 952 (9th Cir.1980) (Kennedy, J., concurring).
discussed
Cited "see"
Hartman v. Duffey
(2×)
Accord Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367, 1386 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980); Marks v. San Francisco Real Estate Bd., 627 F.2d 947, 952 (9th Cir.1980) (Kennedy, J., concurring).
discussed
Cited "see"
Mattingly v. Mattingly
See In re U.S. Financial Securities Litigation, 609 F.2d 411 , 426 n. 48 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied sub. nom., Gant v. Union Bank, 446 U.S. 929 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980) (noting that the Supreme Court has considered the Seventh Amendment question on several occasions since Ross without once considering this third factor).
discussed
Cited "see"
Alva Gutierrez v. Municipal Court of the Southeast Judicial District, County of Los Angeles, Incorrectly Sued as \County of Los Angeles
(2×)
See Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367, 1383 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980); Robinson, 444 F.2d at 798 . 26 Second, appellants contend that the rule is necessary to prevent the workplace from turning into a "Tower of Babel." This claim assumes that permitting Spanish (or another language) to be spoken between employees is disruptive.
discussed
Cited "see"
Gutierrez v. Municipal Court of the Southeast Judicial District
(2×)
See Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367, 1383 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980); Robinson, 444 F.2d at 798 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Consumers Union of United States, Inc. v. New Regina Corp.
(2×)
See Board of Trade of the City of Chicago v. Commodity Futures Trading Commission, 605 F.2d 1016, 1020 (7th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980) (discretionary refusal to stay a preliminary injunction which rested on a tentative appraisal of the merits did not establish the law of the case); Berrigan v. Sigler, 499 F.2d 514, 518 (D.C.Cir.1974) (decision by trial or appellate court to grant or deny preliminary injunction does not constitute law of the case on further proceedings and does not limit or preclude the parties from litigating the claims on th…
discussed
Cited "see"
Kenney v. Scientific, Inc.
See In Re U.S. Financial Securities *376 Litigation, 609 F. 2d 411 (9th Cir.1979), cert. den. sub nom Gant v. Union Bank, 446 U.S. 929 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed. 2d 281 (1980) which rejected a similar attack on trial by jury.
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Swanson
(2×)
See Board of Trade of City of Chicago v. Commodity Futures Trading Commission, 605 F.2d 1016, 1021-22 (7th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Karen E. Cardoza v. Commodity Futures Trading Commission and Board of Trade of the City of Chicago, Inc., an Illinois Corporation
(2×)
See Board of Trade v. Commodity Futures Trading Commission, 605 F.2d 1016 , 1021 n. 6 (7th Cir.1979), certiorari denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Glenda Tosti v. City of Los Angeles
(2×)
See generally Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Thomas v. City of Evanston
(2×)
See Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367, 1375 (9th Cir.1979) (applying above Dothard standard to police force which used both a physical test and height requirements), *429 cer t. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
Bruenn v. Switlik
See Switlik v. Hardwicke Corp., 81 N.J. 354 (1979), cert. den., 446 U.S. 929 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed. 2d 281 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Delia L. Fernandez v. Wynn Oil Company, a Corporation, and Wynn's International, Inc., a Corporation
(2×)
See Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. den., 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
24 Fair empl.prac.cas. 947, 27 Fair empl.prac.cas. 1324, 24 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 31,425 Ute R. Harriss and Margaret A. Feather v. Pan American World Airways, Inc.
(2×)
See Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367, 1376 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980); Arritt v. Grisell, 567 F.2d 1267, 1271 (4th Cir. 1977); Diaz v. Pan American World Airways, Inc., 442 F.2d 385 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 950 , 92 S.Ct. 275 , 30 L.Ed.2d 267 (1971); Robinson v. Lorillard Corp., 444 F.2d 791, 798 (4th Cir.), cert. dismissed, 404 U.S. 1006 , 92 S.Ct. 573 , 30 L.Ed.2d 655 (1971); Weeks v. Southern Bell Tel. & Tel.
discussed
Cited "see"
Jaymar-Ruby, Inc. v. Federal Trade Commission
(2×)
See Board of Trade v. Commodities Futures Trading Commission, 605 F.2d 1016 (7th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980); Southern Ry.
discussed
Cited "see"
Harriss v. Pan American World Airways, Inc.
(2×)
See Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367, 1376 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980); Arritt v. Grisell, 567 F.2d 1267, 1271 (4th Cir. 1977); Diaz v. Pan American World Airways, Inc., 442 F.2d 385 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 950 , 92 S.Ct. 275 , 30 L.Ed.2d 267 (1971); Robinson v. Lorillard Corp., 444 F.2d 791, 798 (4th Cir.), cert. dismissed, 404 U.S. 1006 , 92 S.Ct. 573 , 30 L.Ed.2d 655 (1971); Weeks v. Southern Bell Tel. & Tel.
discussed
Cited "see"
Guardians Ass'n of New York City Police Department, Inc. v. Civil Service Commission of New York
(2×)
See Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367 , 1378-82 and n.17 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980). (“If employers were permitted to validate selection devices without reference to job performance, then non-job-related selection devices could always be validated through the simple expedient of employing them at both the pre-training and training stage.”) See also the Uniform Guidelines, 29 C.F.R. § 1607 .14B(3) (1979), quoted in the margin. 26 Even assuming that Washington v. Davis would govern the meaning of job-relatedness under Title…
discussed
Cited "see"
23 Fair empl.prac.cas. 677, 23 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 31,153, 6 Fed. R. Evid. Serv. 724 the Guardians Association of the New York City Police Department, Inc., the Hispanic Society of the New York City Police Department, Inc., Oswaldo Perez and Felix E. Santos Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated v. Civil Service Commission of the City of New York, Department of Personnel of the City of New York, the New York City Police Department, Alphonse D'ambrose, Individually and in His Capacity as Chairman of the Civil Service Commission of the City of New York and Personnel Director of the City of New York, James Smith and Josephine Gambino, Individually and in Their Capacity as Members of the Civil Service Commission of the City of New York, and Michael J. Codd, Individually and in His Capacity as Commissioner of the New York Police Department, Defendants
(2×)
See Blake v. City of Los Angeles, 595 F.2d 1367 , 1378-82 and n.17 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980). ("If employers were permitted to validate selection devices without reference to job performance, then non-job-related selection devices could always be validated through the simple expedient of employing them at both the pre-training and training stage.") See also the Uniform Guidelines, 29 C.F.R. § 1607 .14B(3) (1979), quoted in the margin. 26 53 Even assuming that Washington v. Davis would govern the meaning of job-relatedness under Title …
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Satawa v. BD. OF COUNTY ROAD COM'RS OF MACOMB
(2×)
See also Bd. of Trade v. Commodity Futures Trading Comm’n, 605 F.2d 1016, 1020 (7th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980) (refusal to stay a preliminary injunction pending appeal did not establish the law of the case since it rested on nothing more than a tentative appraisal of the probable result on the merits); City of Angoon v. Hodel, 803 F.2d 1016 , 1024 n. 4 (9th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 870 , 108 S.Ct. 197 , 98 L.Ed.2d 148 (1987) (determinations made in interlocutory appeal from a preliminary injunction do not constitute the law of the…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Davis v. Stanford
(2×)
See also Loe v. Armistead, 582 F.2d 1291, 1295 (4th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Ownby v. Cohen
(2×)
See, e.g., Loe v. Armistead, 582 F.2d 1291, 1295 (4th Cir.1978), ce rt. denied sub nom., Moffitt v. Loe, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980) and Gordon v. Leeke, 574 F.2d 1147, 1151 (4th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 970 , 99 S.Ct. 464 , 58 L.Ed.2d 431 (1978), (both citing Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519 , 92 S.Ct. 594 , 30 L.Ed.2d 652 (1972)).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Swader v. Com. of Va.
(2×)
See, e.g., Sosebee v. Murphy, 797 F.2d 179 (4th Cir.1986) (death from pierced esophagus states claim if condition was apparent) and Loe v. Armistead, 582 F.2d 1291 (4th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 928 , 100 S.Ct. 1865 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980) (delay in treating broken arm).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Brisk v. City of Miami Beach, Fla.
See also In re U.S. Financial Securities Litigation, 609 F.2d 411, 424-32 (9th Cir.1979) (holding that district court erred in striking demands for jury trial on grounds of complexity of law), cert. denied sub nom, Gant v. Union Bank, 446 U.S. 929 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980). 27 Though potentially confusing, determining the applicability of qualified immunity is not beyond the capability of a jury.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Higgins v. Barnes
See, e.g., Davis & Cox v. Summa Corp., 751 F.2d 1507, 1516 (9th Cir.1985) and In Re U.S. Financial Securities Litigation, 609 F.2d 411 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 929 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Stephen Anthony Gonsalves
See e.g., In re U.S. Financial Securities Litigation, 609 F.2d 411, 427-31 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 929 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Roger Cotten v. Witco Chemical Corporation
Compare In re Japanese Electronic Products Antitrust Litigation, 631 F.2d 1069 (3d Cir. 1980) (recognizing a complexity exception), with In re U. S. Financial Securities Litigation, 609 F.2d 411 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, Gant v. Union Bank, 446 U.S. 929 , 100 S.Ct. 1866 , 64 L.Ed.2d 281 (1980) (refusing to recognize a complexity exception).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Moffitt, United States Marshal
v.
Loe
v.
Loe
No. 78-1260.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Apr 28, 1980.
Cited by 17 opinions | Published
C. A. 4th Cir. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis granted. Certiorari denied.