Smith v. Cox, 277 S.E.2d 512 (Ga. 1981). · Go Syfert
Smith v. Cox, 277 S.E.2d 512 (Ga. 1981). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“it is a question for the jury as to whether there was part performance when the evidence tends to prove such performance.”
57 citation events (24 in the last 25 years) across 4 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Edwards v. Sewell (gactapp, 2008-01-08)
Treatment trajectory · 1986 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1986 2006 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 18 distinct citers.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Edwards v. Sewell (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Ga. Ct. App. · 2008 · signal: see, e.g. · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
unlike grist , appellants contest appellee's assertion that they are currently in possession under the terms of a lease.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Fay v. Custom One Homes, LLC (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Ga. Ct. App. · 2005 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
it is a question for the jury as to whether there was part performance when the evidence tends to prove such performance.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Daniel Gryder v. Trey Conley
Ga. Ct. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
And just as it “is a question for the jury as to whether there was part performance when the evidence tends to prove such performance[,]” Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563, 564 ( 277 SE2d 512 ) (1981) (citations and punctuation omitted), a jury must also decide whether evidence 11 extrinsic to the contract shows that a party assented to that contract.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Perry Golf Course Development, LLC v. HOUS. AUTH. OF CITY OF ATLANTA
Ga. Ct. App. · 2008 · confidence medium
Corp., 283 Ga. 72, 73 (1) ( 656 SE2d 820 ) (2008). 16 See id. at 73 (2). 17 OCGA § 13-5-30 (4). 18 See Weatherby v. Barsk, 248 Ga. App. 848, 850-851 (1) ( 545 SE2d 701 ) (2001). 19 See Shivers v. Barton & Ludwig, Inc., 164 Ga. App. 490, 491-492 ( 296 SE2d 749 ) (1982) (agreement to enter into partnership for purpose of acquiring land must be in writing); East Piedmont 120 Assoc. v. Sheppard, 209 Ga. App. 664, 665 ( 434 SE2d 101 ) (1993) (oral joint venture agreement which contained a promise to convey land violated Statute of Frauds and was unenforceable). 20 OCGA § 13-5-31 (3). 21 See gener…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Hernandez v. Carnes
Ga. Ct. App. · 2008 · confidence medium
Investors v. Bankamerica Realty Investors, 246 Ga. 39, 41 (2) ( 268 SE2d 609 ) (1980). 4 White v. Orton Indus., 224 Ga. App. 342, 343 ( 480 SE2d 620 ) (1997). 5 Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563, 564 ( 277 SE2d 512 ) (1981). 6 Carnes disputes that Hernandez’s tender was timely, but this merely creates a factual issue, and, on appeal from the grant of summary judgment, we construe the facts in favor of the nonmoving party, Hernandez.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Masters v. Redwine
Ga. · 2005 · confidence medium
All the Justices concur. 1 Redwine v. Masters, 268 Ga. App. 490 ( 602 SE2d 143 ) (2004). 2 OCGA § 13-5-30(4). 3 OCGA § 13-5-31; Flagg v. Hitchcock, 143 Ga. 379, 382 ( 85 SE 125 ) (1915) (“where there has been performance on one side, accepted by the other in accordance with the contract, the statute [of frauds] shall not apply”); Kinney v. Youngblood, 216 Ga. 354, 356 ( 116 SE2d 608 ) (1960) (same). 4 Walls v. Savage, 243 Ga. 198, 199 ( 253 SE2d 183 ) (1979). 5 Flagg, 143 Ga. at 382 . 6 See Redwine, 268 Ga. App. at 492 (“In this ease, it is clear that an adequate description of the pro…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Makowski v. Waldrop
Ga. Ct. App. · 2003 · signal: cf. · confidence medium
See Powell v. Estate of Austin, 218 Ga. App. 446, 448 (1) ( 462 SE2d 378 ) (1995) (“To comply with the Statute of Frauds, a lease lasting longer than one year must be in writing.”). 11 OCGA § 23-2-131 (b). 12 See Engram v. Engram, 265 Ga. 804, 805 (1) ( 463 SE2d 12 ) (1995); see also OCGA § 13-5-31 (3) (statute of frauds does not apply to unwritten agreement “[w]here there has been such part performance of the contract as would render it a fraud of the party refusing to comply if the court did not compel a performance”). 13 See Pettigrew v. Collins, 246 Ga. App. 207, 208 ( 539 SE2d 2…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Tench v. Galaxy Appliance & Furniture Sales, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2002 · confidence medium
Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563, 564 ( 277 SE2d 512 ) (1981). (d) Estoppel by silence has no application to this case, because such doctrine applies where silence amounts to constructive fraud through the acts or omissions of the party under a duty to speak.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Hathaway v. Bishop (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1994 · confidence medium
Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563, 565 ( 277 SE2d 512 ) (1981); White House v. Winkler, 202 Ga. App. 603, 607 ( 415 SE2d 185 ) (1992).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Stephens v. Trotter
Ga. Ct. App. · 1994 · confidence medium
Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563, 564 ( 277 SE2d 512 ) (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Breckenridge Creste Apartments, Ltd. v. Citicorp Mortgage, Inc.
N.D. Ga. · 1993 · confidence medium
Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563 , 277 S.E.2d 512, 513 (1981) (part performance exception to the statute of frauds affirmed on an oral and written lease-purchase agreement for the sale of land where the seller accepted rent payments).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) White House, Inc. v. Winkler
Ga. Ct. App. · 1992 · confidence medium
White House commenced production pursuant to its agreement with Winkler resulting in substantial monetary detriment to White House. “ ‘It is a question for the jury as to whether there was part performance when the evidence tends to prove such performance. [Cits.]’ [Cit.]” Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563, 565 ( 277 SE2d 512 ) (1981).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Baxley Veneer & Clete Co. v. Maddox
Ga. Ct. App. · 1990 · confidence medium
Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563, 565 ( 277 SE2d 512 ) (1981); Stolz v. Shulman, 191 Ga. App. 864 (6) ( 383 SE2d 559 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Donald H. Gordon Co. v. Carswell (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1987 · confidence medium
Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563, 564 ( 277 SE2d 512 ).
examined Cited "see" Stoker v. BELLEMEADE, LLC (4×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2005 · signal: see · confidence high
OCGA § 13-5-30(4); see Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563 , 277 S.E.2d 512 (1981); OCGA §§ 13-5-31; 23-2-131(b).
discussed Cited "see" Discovery Point Franchising, Inc. v. Miller (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1998 · signal: see · confidence high
See Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563 ( 277 SE2d 512 ) (1981) (contract for the sale of land which is partly written and partly oral is not enforceable).
discussed Cited "see" Barnes v. Whatley (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1996 · signal: accord · confidence high
Smith v. Wilkinson, 208 Ga. 489, 493 (2) ( 67 SE2d 698 ) (1951); accord Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563 ( 277 SE2d 512 ) (1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Stamps v. Ford Motor Co. (2×)
N.D. Ga. · 1986 · signal: see also · confidence low
Under the Georgia Statute of Frauds, a contract transferring an interest in land is unenforceable if it “is partly in writing and partly in parol____” Thompson v. Colonial Trust Co., 35 Ga.App. 12, 13 , 131 S.E. 921 (1926); see also Smith v. Cox, 247 Ga. 563 , 277 S.E.2d 512 (1981).
SMITH Et Al.
v.
COX
37181.
Supreme Court of Georgia.
May 6, 1981.
277 S.E.2d 512
Adcock & Willard, G. M. Adcock, for appellants., Brown, Harriss & Hartman, Burton Brown, Christopher A. Townley, for appellee.
Smith.
Cited by 25 opinions  |  Published
1 passage pin-cited by 1 case
Pinpoint authority: bottom 73%
Citer courts: Court of Appeals of Georgia (1)
Smith, Justice.

Appellee brought an action for a writ of possession. Appellants counterclaimed, alleging that the parties have entered into a “lease-purchase” agreement resting partly in writing and partly in parol. The trial court, ruling that the alleged agreement was unenforceable on account of the Statute of Frauds, refused to allow oral testimony as to the terms of the alleged contract and directed a verdict in favor of appellee. We reverse.

On February 7, 1962, the parties entered into the following agreement, entitled “Lease”: “Harvey J. Smith and wife Reba, has leased house on Rathburn Circle for 2 years at the rate of $70 per month, to be paid in advance. Due date the 7th of each month. Rent is to be applied on down payment less interest on money and taxes and insurance. Any time the rent becomes 10 days past due this contract is void and null.” The agreement is written on paper bearing the letterhead “Cox Coal & Supply Co.” Appellee Cox admits having extensive experience in real estate transactions. Appellants, a couple of limited means, have almost none. The written agreement bears the signature of a witness.

There is no doubt that the alleged agreement fails to satisfy the requirements of the Statute of Frauds relating to contracts for the sale of real estate. See Wiley v. Tom Howell & Associates, 154 Ga. App. 235 (267 SE2d 816) (1980); Code. Ann. § 20-401 (4). “The statute requires that every essential element of the sale must be expressed in the writing.” Pindar, Ga. Real Estate Law 573, § 18-8. “A contract for the sale of land, which is partly in writing and partly in parol, is not enforceable, by reason of the statute of frauds.” Thompson v. Colonial Trust Co., 35 Ga. App. 12 (1) (131 SE 923) (1925).

Appellants contend, however, that the barrier of the Statute of Frauds has been removed by part performance of the alleged agreement and that the trial court erred in refusing to admit parol evidence of the agreement’s terms. At trial, appellants offered testimony that the $70 monthly payments were to be applied to the purchase price of the property. It is undisputed that appellants moved into the residence located on the property and lived there a number of years. The residence needed extensive repair work. However, appellants were financially unable to make the necessary repairs and they moved elsewhere, using the residence as a storage facility. Nonetheless, they continued making the $70 monthly payments to appellee until he filed this action, a period of approximately nine years. Appellee continued to accept the payments even after he became aware that the house was being used[*564] for storage purposes rather than as a residence.

“While Code § 20-401 (4) provides that any contract for the sale of lands, or any interest in or concerning them, to be binding upon the promisor, must be in writing, signed by the party to be charged therewith, or some person by him lawfully authorized, this section does not apply where there has been such part performance of the contract as would render it a fraud of the party refusing to comply, if the court did not compel a performance. Code, § 20-402 (3); Baxley Hardware Co. v. Morris, 165 Ga. 359 (2) (140 S. E. 869). While payment of a part of the purchase-money is not alone such part performance as will take the case out of the statute of frauds, partial payment of the purchase-money accompanied with possession will amount to such part performance as to take the contract out of the statute (Wimberly v. Bryan, 55 Ga. 198; Corbin v. Durden, 126 Ga. 429 (55 S. E. 30)), and to authorize the specific performance of a parol contract. Code, § 37-802.” Harris v. Underwood, 208 Ga. 247, 249 (66 SE2d 332) (1951); Sellers v. Hall, 153 Ga. App. 189 (265 SE2d 81) (1980).

Appellee, citing Grist v. Foster, 246 Ga. 565 (272 SE2d 297) (1980), argues that, as a matter of law, appellants have failed to demonstrate such part performance as would remove the alleged agreement from the Statute of Frauds. We believe, however, that Grist is distinguishable from the case at bar.

In Grist, supra at 566, we held: “When a party seeking specific performance of an oral contract to sell realty relies on the principle of possession with improvements, it must be shown that the possession and improvement arose ‘by virtue of and in the faith of the oral contract or promise, so as to take the case out of the statute of frauds and constitute the equivalent of a writing by showing acts unequivocally referring to the alleged contract or promise,’ Taylor v. Cureton, 196 Ga. 28, 30 (25 SE2d 815) (1943). Where a party takes possession under an oral contract to rent, and also alleged an oral option to purchase, the possession is under the tenancy and cannot also be shown to be in reliance on the option. Hennon v. Gresham, 196 Ga. 197 (26 SE2d 252) (1943) . . . Since [Grist] is admittedly in possession under the lease, he cannot now claim that his possession takes on additional legal significance adverse to the interest of his lessor because of an alleged oral promise.”

In the instant case, the written lease term expired in 1964. Appellants continued their possession of the premises and their $70 monthly payments. They requested a deed to the property pursuant to their agreement with appellee. If appellants’ allegations are correct, they are no longer making payments and in possession under the terms of a “lease-purchase” agreement, but under the terms of[*565] partially executed sale of real estate which exists by virtue of their acceptance of the option to purchase. Unlike Grist, appellants contest appellee’s assertion that they are currently in possession under the terms of a lease.

Decided May 6, 1981. Adcock & Willard, G. M. Adcock, for appellants. Brown, Harriss & Hartman, Burton Brown, Christopher A. Townley, for appellee.

“Code Ann. § 20-402 provides for an exception [to the Statute of Frauds] when there has been part performance under the contract. It is a question for the jury as to whether there was part performance when the evidence tends to prove such performance. Bryan v. Southwestern R. Co., 37 Ga. 26, 31 (1867); Richards v. Plaza Hotel, 171 Ga. 827 (156 SE 809) (1931).” Allen & Bean, Inc. v. American Bankers Ins. Co., 153 Ga. App. 617, 619-620 (266 SE2d 295) (1980). The evidence of possession and part payment in the instant case satisfies this criterion.

Judgment reversed.

All the Justices concur.