Statute treatment: 18 U.S.C. § 247

Ranked leading cases interpreting this statute, drawn from 234 citation events across 71 distinct cases.

234citations total

71distinct interpreting cases

30distinct courts

40citations in last 5y

1994–2025year range

Top 20 leading cases

#1 United States v. Dylann Roof (2021) ca4 52 own cites 14× in case

#2 United States v. Grassie (2001) ca10 72 own cites 8× in case

#3 United States v. Ballinger (2002) ca11 29 own cites 12× in case

#4 United States v. Rhonda Anne McCoy (2003) ca9 86 own cites 4× in case

#5 United States v. Barlow (1994) ca5 58 own cites 4× in case

#6 United States v. Jay Scott Ballinger (2005) ca11 47 own cites 12× in case

#7 United States v. Gary Sigmund Corum (2004) ca8 30 own cites 5× in case

#8 United States v. Brian L. Johnson, A/K/A Brian Holland (1998) ca6 12 own cites 8× in case

#9 United States v. Odom (2001) ca11 59 own cites 3× in case

#10 United States v. Holzer (2022) ca10 9 own cites 8× in case

#11 United States v. Roof (2016) scd 6 own cites 9× in case

#12 United States v. Jonathan David Brown (1995) ca6 54 own cites 2× in case

#13 United States v. Webb (2011) ca11 53 own cites 2× in case

#14 United States v. Aaron Morel Lebaron, Also Known as Jason Troy Barter, Also Known as Shawn Harvey Yates (1998) ca5 24 own cites 3× in case

#15 United States v. James G. Colvin (2003) ca7 48 own cites 2× in case

#16 United States v. Jay Scott Ballinger (2002) ca11 2 own cites 23× in case

#17 United States v. Burkholder (2016) ca10 37 own cites 2× in case

#18 United States v. David W. Lanier (1994) ca6 34 own cites 2× in case

#19 United States v. Ambert (2009) ca11 139 own cites 1× in case

#20 United States v. Servando Alvarado-Casas (2013) ca5 90 own cites 1× in case

Ranking method: leading_score = ln(1 + own_citation_count) × √(mentions_in_case) × flag_factor, where flag_factor = 1.0 green · 0.6 unknown · 0.5 neutral · 0.4 yellow · 0.3 procedural · 0 red. Red-flagged cases excluded — their interpretation has been undermined and shouldn't lead the list. Top 20 returned per statute. Open any case for full G Cite, trajectory, and per-circuit treatment.