25 C.F.R. § 23 — Statute Treatment

Statute treatment: 25 C.F.R. § 23

Ranked leading cases interpreting this statute, drawn from 44 citation events across 29 distinct cases.
44citations total
29distinct interpreting cases
7distinct courts
35citations in last 5y
2019–2025year range
Top 5 leading cases
#1 Brackeen v. Haaland (2021) ca5 36 own cites 6× in case
#2 In re E.L. (2021) kanctapp 22 own cites 3× in case
#3 Chad Brackeen v. David Bernhardt (2019) ca5 11 own cites 3× in case
#4 In re Interest of Manual C. & Mateo S. -- supplemental opinion (2023) neb 6 own cites 1× in case
#5 Matter of P.E.W., YINC (2025) mont 2 own cites 1× in case

Ranking method: leading_score = ln(1 + own_citation_count) × √(mentions_in_case) × flag_factor, where flag_factor = 1.0 green · 0.6 unknown · 0.5 neutral · 0.4 yellow · 0.3 procedural · 0 red. Red-flagged cases excluded — their interpretation has been undermined and shouldn't lead the list. Top 20 returned per statute. Open any case for full G Cite, trajectory, and per-circuit treatment.