Statute treatment: 29 C.F.R. § 2530.203-3

Ranked leading cases interpreting this statute, drawn from 115 citation events across 40 distinct cases.

115citations total

40distinct interpreting cases

22distinct courts

34citations in last 5y

1981–2026year range

Top 20 leading cases

#1 Whisman v. Robbins (1995) ca6 21 own cites 13× in case

#2 Don Ray Smith v. Cmta-Iam Pension Trust (1981) ca9 72 own cites 2× in case

#3 Richard Herman, Daniel Paule, Larry Arwood v. Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Fund, Fred Gegare, Jerry Younger (2005) ca7 57 own cites 2× in case

#4 Chambless v. Masters, Mates & Pilots Pension Plan (1983) nysd 41 own cites 2× in case

#5 Monks v. Keystone Powdered Metal Co. (2000) mied 13 own cites 4× in case

#6 Dennis v. BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF FOOD EMP. LABOR (1985) pamd 7 own cites 5× in case

#7 Daniel A. Spacek v. The Maritime Association, I L a Pension Plan, and Trustees of the Agreement of Trust (1998) ca5 91 own cites 1× in case

#8 Tapley v. Locals 302 & 612 of the International Union of Operating Engineers-Employers Construction Industry Retirement Plan (2013) ca9 43 own cites 1× in case

#9 New York State Teamsters Conference Pension & Retirement Fund v. Hoh (1982) nynd 7 own cites 3× in case

#10 Whisman v. Robbins (1992) ohsd 7 own cites 3× in case

#11 William F. Deak, Cross-Appellants v. Masters, Mates and Pilots Pension Plan, Cross (1987) ca11 35 own cites 1× in case

#12 Thomas E. Heinz and Richard J. Schmitt, Jr. v. Central Laborers' Pension Fund (2002) ca7 17 own cites 1× in case

#13 Eisenrich v. Minneapolis Retail Meat Cutters & Food Handlers Pension Plan (2008) mnd 4 own cites 3× in case

#14 Pender v. Bank of America Corp. (2010) ncwd 8 own cites 1× in case

#15 May Department Stores Co v. Federal Insurance (2002) ca7 9 own cites 2× in case

#16 Thompson v. Asbestos Workers Local No. 53 Pension Fund (1983) lamd 6 own cites 1× in case

#17 Ivy A. Thompson v. Asbestos Workers Local No. 53 Pension Fund (1983) ca5 6 own cites 1× in case

#18 Militello v. Central States, Southeast & Southwest Areas Pension Fund (2004) ca7 8 own cites 2× in case

#19 Folke v. Schaffer (1985) ded 5 own cites 1× in case

#20 Whisman v. Robbins (1995) ca6 5 own cites 1× in case

Ranking method: leading_score = ln(1 + own_citation_count) × √(mentions_in_case) × flag_factor, where flag_factor = 1.0 green · 0.6 unknown · 0.5 neutral · 0.4 yellow · 0.3 procedural · 0 red. Red-flagged cases excluded — their interpretation has been undermined and shouldn't lead the list. Top 20 returned per statute. Open any case for full G Cite, trajectory, and per-circuit treatment.