Statute treatment: 98-473 Pub.L. § 98

Ranked leading cases interpreting this statute, drawn from 666 citation events across 541 distinct cases.

666citations total

541distinct interpreting cases

87distinct courts

33citations in last 5y

1984–2025year range

Top 20 leading cases

#1 United States v. Anthony Meyers, A/K/A Tony Meyers (1988) ca9 106 own cites 8× in case

#2 Thompson v. Oklahoma (1988) scotus 613 own cites 4× in case

#3 United States v. Irey (2010) ca11 1,888 own cites 2× in case

#4 United States v. Bajakajian (1998) scotus 1,361 own cites 2× in case

#5 Chapman v. United States (1991) scotus 1,356 own cites 2× in case

#6 State v. Fischer (2010) ohio 1,061 own cites 2× in case

#7 United States v. Sean Michael Grier (2007) ca3 822 own cites 2× in case

#8 Alexander v. United States (1993) scotus 611 own cites 2× in case

#9 United States v. Kikumura, Yu (1990) ca3 454 own cites 2× in case

#10 United States v. LaBonte (1997) scotus 421 own cites 2× in case

#11 Wilton Chatman-Bey v. Richard Thornburgh, Attorney General of the United States (1988) cadc 333 own cites 2× in case

#12 United States v. Nicholas Slatten (2017) cadc 58 own cites 4× in case

#13 United States v. Scott Evan Jones (1990) ca11 309 own cites 2× in case

#14 United States of America, State of California, Intervenor v. Raphyal Crawford, AKA Aarmyl Crawford (2004) ca9 238 own cites 2× in case

#15 United States v. James Michael Wise (1992) ca8 232 own cites 2× in case

#16 United States v. Montalvo-Murillo (1990) scotus 230 own cites 2× in case

#17 State v. Holdcroft (2013) ohio 228 own cites 2× in case

#18 State v. Coria (1992) wash 215 own cites 2× in case

#19 Fort Wayne Books, Inc. v. Indiana (1989) scotus 178 own cites 2× in case

#20 United States v. Osama Awadallah (2003) ca2 149 own cites 2× in case

Ranking method: leading_score = ln(1 + own_citation_count) × √(mentions_in_case) × flag_factor, where flag_factor = 1.0 green · 0.6 unknown · 0.5 neutral · 0.4 yellow · 0.3 procedural · 0 red. Red-flagged cases excluded — their interpretation has been undermined and shouldn't lead the list. Top 20 returned per statute. Open any case for full G Cite, trajectory, and per-circuit treatment.