Harris v. St. Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647 (E.D. Mo. 1990). · Go Syfert
Harris v. St. Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647 (E.D. Mo. 1990). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“it is well established that includes causes of action existing at the time of the commencement of the bankruptcy case.”
56 citation events (32 in the last 25 years) across 26 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: McDaniel v. Skillsoft Corp. (nhd, 2005-11-18)
Treatment trajectory · 1990 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1990 2008 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 25 distinct citers.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) McDaniel v. Skillsoft Corp.
D.N.H. · 2005 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
it is well established that includes causes of action existing at the time of the commencement of the bankruptcy case.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Smith v. City of Kansas City, Missouri Board of Police Commissioners
W.D. Mo. · 2024 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Bank of New York v. Kogut
Ill. App. Ct. · 2023 · confidence medium
Luke University, 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Luke Reynolds v. Samuel Berger, and TMF Holdings, LLC, Left Hand Productions, Inc., 816 Geyer, LLC, Intervenor, and Dresden Capital Management, LLC
Mo. Ct. App. · 2022 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Bledsoe v. Midland Funding LLC
E.D. Mo. · 2021 · confidence medium
Luke Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.
cited Cited as authority (rule) United Fire & Casualty Co. v. Thompson
E.D. Mo. · 2013 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.Mo.1990).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Cruse v. Brokaw (In Re Brokaw) (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Bankr. E.D. Mo. · 2011 · confidence medium
Louis University, 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.Mo.1990), citing 11 U.S.C. § 541 (a)(1); 11 U.S.C. § 521 (a)(1)(B) (2010). “[Clauses of action belonging to the debtor at the commencement of the case are included within the definition of property of the estate.” In re Ozark Restaurant Equipment Co., Inc., 816 F.2d 1222, 1225 (8th Cir.1987), cert denied, 484 U.S. 848 , 108 S.Ct. 147 , 98 L.Ed.2d 102 (1987).
cited Cited as authority (rule) PM Factors, Inc. v. Kreisel (In Re Kreisel)
Bankr. C.D. Cal. · 2008 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.Mo.1990).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Canterbury v. Federal-Mogul Ignition Co.
S.D. Iowa · 2007 · confidence medium
In Hams, the plaintiff was terminated from her employment on July 13, 1987. 114 B.R. 647, 647 (E.D.Mo.1990).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Jimenez v. Domino's Pizza, Inc.
C.D. Cal. · 2006 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.Mo. 1990).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Williams v. United Technologies Carrier Corp.
S.D. Ind. · 2004 · confidence medium
Louis University, 114 B.R. 647, 649 (E.D.Mo.1990). “[P]roperty of the estate that is not abandoned under [§ 554] and that is not administered in the case remains property of the estate.” 11 U.S.C. § 554 (d).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Anderson v. Acme Markets, Inc.
E.D. Pa. · 2002 · confidence medium
Louis University, 114 B.R. 647, 649 (E.D.Mo.1990) (concluding that “plaintiffs cause of action could not be abandoned [by the Trustee] pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 554 (c) because the cause of action was never scheduled”).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Byrd v. Potter
N.D. Miss. · 2002 · confidence medium
Louis University, 114 B.R. 647, 649 (E.D.Mo.1990) (“plaintiffs [Title VII employment discrimination] cause of action could not be abandoned pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 554 (e) because the cause of action was never scheduled [and] remains the property of the estate pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 554 (d)”).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Morton v. GTE Southwest Inc. (Wieburg)
5th Cir. · 2001 · confidence medium
Louis University, 114 B.R. 647, 649 (Bankr.
cited Cited as authority (rule) White v. Coors Distributing Co. (In Re White)
8th Cir. BAP · 2001 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 649 (E.D.Mo.1990)); Hunt v. Up North Plastics, Inc., 177 F.R.D. 449, 451 (D.Minn.1997) (discussing standing issues). 14 .
cited Cited as authority (rule) Richard B. White v. Coors Distributing
8th Cir. BAP · 2001 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 649 (E.D.
cited Cited as authority (rule) In Re Key
Bankr. D. Neb. · 2000 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.Mo.1990); Matter of Williams, 197 B.R. 398, 402 (Bankr.M.D.Ga.1996).
examined Cited as authority (rule) Cloud v. Northrop Grumman Corp. (3×)
Cal. Ct. App. · 1998 · confidence medium
Louis University (Bankr.E.D.Mo. 1990) 114 B.R. 647, 648 [debtor’s cause of action for age and sex discrimination in employment became property of bankruptcy estate upon filing of chapter 7 proceeding]; Cain v. Hyatt (Bankr.E.D.Pa. 1989) 101 B.R. 440, 442 [debtor’s cause of action for illegal termination in violation of human rights law became property of bankruptcy estate upon filing of chapter 7 proceeding].) Complete unanimity has not been reached on this point, however.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Kemp v. Tyson Seafood Group, Inc.
D. Minnesota · 1998 · confidence medium
Louis University, 114 B.R. 647, 648-49 (E.D.Mo.1990): The trustee in a case under Chapter 7 is the sole representative of the estate. 11 U.S.C. § 323 (a); Vreugdenhil v. Hoekstra, 773 F.2d 213, 215 (8th Cir.1985).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Hunt v. Up North Plastics, Inc.
D. Minnesota · 1997 · confidence medium
Louis University, 114 B.R. 647, 648-49 (E.D.Mo.1990): The trustee in a case under Chapter 7 is the sole representative of the estate. 11 U.S.C. § 323 (a); Vreugdenhil v. Hoekstra, 773 F.2d 213, 215 (8th Cir.1985).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Richardson v. United Parcel Service
E.D. Mo. · 1996 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.Mo.1990).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) James and Brenda Bittel v. Yamato International Corporation
6th Cir. · 1995 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 649 (Bankr.E.D.Mo.1990) (debtor lacked standing to sue former employer under Title VII and ADEA); Davis v. AVCO Finance, 158 B.R. 1000 (Bankr.N.D.Ind.1993) (filing of complaint where debtors lacked standing and failure to substitute trustee as real party in interest warranted Rule 11 sanctions). 24 Abandonment of an asset is governed by Sec. 554 of the Code, and may occur in either of two ways.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Samson v. Prokopf (In Re Smith)
Bankr. S.D. Ill. · 1995 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 648 (E.D.Mo.1990).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Bankruptcy Estate of B.J. McAdams, Inc. v. Ralston Purina Co.
N.D. Ga. · 1993 · confidence medium
Louis University, 114 B.R. 647, 649 (Bankr.E.D.Mo.1990) (trustee never abandoned cause of action, so debtor never regained standing). 2 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Adams v. Manown (2×)
Md. · 1992 · confidence medium
Louis Univ., 114 B.R. 647, 649 (E.D.Mo. 1990); Cain v. Hyatt, 101 B.R. 440, 442 (E.D.Pa. 1989); In re Louden, 106 B.R. 109, 112 (Bankr.E.D.Ky. 1989); In re Lake, 49 B.R. 715, 717 (Bankr.S.D.Fla. 1985); In re Crandall, 1 B.R. 752, 755 (Bankr.W.D.Mich. 1980); Weiner v. United States, 15 Cl.
Amalia HARRIS, Plaintiff,
v.
ST. LOUIS UNIVERSITY, Defendant
Bruce Nangle, Nangle & Nangle, St. Louis, Mo., for plaintiff., Robert W. Stewart, McMahon, Berger, Hanna, Linihan, Cody & McCarthy, St. Louis, Mo., for defendant.
Limbaugh.
Cited by 36 opinions  |  Published

MEMORANDUM

LIMBAUGH, District Judge.

Plaintiff filed a two-count complaint against defendant. In Count I plaintiff alleges that she was discharged due to her[*648] age in violation of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (“the ADEA”), 29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq. In Count II plaintiff alleges that she was discharged due to her sex in violation of Title YII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e, et seq. This cause is before the Court on defendant’s motion to dismiss plaintiffs complaint for lack of standing.

Plaintiff was discharged from her position with defendant on July 13, 1987. On July 15, 1987 plaintiff completed an EEOC intake questionnaire (EEOC Form 283) in which she asserted that she was unlawfully discharged and provided some facts to support her allegations of discrimination. On July 1, 1988 plaintiff filed a formal charge with the EEOC against defendant alleging age and sex discrimination. On July 13, 1989 plaintiff filed this complaint for employment discrimination against defendant.

On October 6, 1987 plaintiff filed for relief under Chapter 7 of Title 11, U.S.Code in United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Missouri. Pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 521(1) plaintiff attached to her Chapter 7 petition a Statement of Financial Affairs and Schedules of Assets and Liabilities. Plaintiff did not list as an asset or otherwise identify her discrimination claims against defendant on either form. Plaintiff filed her Chapter 7 petition three months after her discharge and completion of an EEOC intake questionnaire, but prior to the filing of a formal EEOC charge or the civil complaint in this matter.

Defendant argues that plaintiff lacks standing because she failed to list as an asset or otherwise identify her employment discrimination claims on the schedules accompanying her Chapter 7 petition. The debtor in a Chapter 7 bankruptcy case is required pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1) to schedule as assets “all legal and equitable interests of the debtor in property as of the commencement of the case.” It is well established that “all legal and equitable interests ... in property” includes causes of action existing at the time of the commencement of the bankruptcy case. In re Ozark Restaurant Equipment Co., Inc., 816 F.2d 1222, 1225 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 848, 108 S.Ct. 147, 98 L.Ed.2d 102 (1987).

The trustee in a case under Chapter 7 is the sole representative of the estate. 11 U.S.C. § 323(a); Vreugdenhil v. Hoekstra, 773 F.2d 213, 215 (8th Cir.1985). It is the trustee of the estate who “has the capacity to sue and be sued.” 11 U.S.C. § 323(b). “[A]fter appointment of a trustee, a Chapter 7 debtor no longer has standing to pursue a cause of action which existed at the time the Chapter 7 petition was filed. Only the trustee, as representative of the estate, has the authority to prosecute and/or settle such causes of action.” Cain v. Hyatt, 101 B.R. 440, 442 (E.D.Pa.1989) (citing Bauer v. Commerce Union Bank, 859 F.2d 438 (6th Cir.1988), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 109 S.Ct. 1531, 103 L.Ed.2d 836 (1989); Jones v. Harrell, 858 F.2d 667 (11th Cir.1988); In re Tvorik, 83 B.R. 450, 456 (Bkrptcy.W.D.Mich.1988)).

Plaintiff argues that she did not possess a cause of action at the time she filed her Chapter 7 petition on October 6, 1987. The Court disagrees. First, since plaintiff was discharged three months before her Chapter 7 petition was filed, all the elements necessary for a cause of action for discriminatory discharge under Title YII or the ADEA were present on October 6, 1987. Second, plaintiff had knowledge of her cause of action at the time the Chapter 7 petition was filed. Plaintiff had completed an EEOC intake questionnaire alleging discriminatory discharge on the basis of age and sex three months before the Chapter 7 petition was filed.

In Cain v. Hyatt, supra, the Court held that plaintiff lacked standing to pursue his cause of action for employment discrimination because he failed to list his cause of action on the schedules accompanying his Chapter 7 petition. In reaching this decision the court implicitly decided that the plaintiff possessed a cause of action at the time of the filing of Chapter 7 petition when he was discharged before the filing of the Chapter 7 petition but did not file a complaint against the defendants until after the filing of his Chapter 7 petition. 101[*649] B.R. at 441; See also, In re Carson, 82 B.R. 847 (Bkrptcy.S.D.Ohio 1987).

The debtor may regain standing to pursue a cause of action if the cause of action is abandoned by the trustee. Under 11 U.S.C. § 554(a) the trustee may abandon property which is burdensome to the estate or that is of inconsequential value to the estate. Under 11 U.S.C. § 554(b) the bankruptcy court may order the trustee to abandon such property at the request of a party. Title 11 U.S.C. § 554(c) states:

Unless the court orders otherwise, any property scheduled under section 521(1) of the title not otherwise administered at the closing of this case is abandoned to the debtor.... (emphasis added)

However, plaintiffs cause of action could not be abandoned pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 554(c) because the cause of action was never scheduled. Instead, the cause of action remains the property of the estate pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 554(d), which provides:

Unless the court orders otherwise, property of the estate that is not abandoned under this section and that is not administered in the case remains property of the estate.

See also, In re Schmid, 54 B.R. 78, 80 (Bkrptcy.D.Or.1985); In re Bryson, 53 B.R. 3, 4 (Bkrptcy.M.D.Tenn.1985); In re Lake, 49 B.R. 715, 717 (Bkrptcy.S.D.Fla.1985).

In sum, plaintiffs cause of action for unlawful discharge under Title VII and the ÁDEA became part of her estate when she filed her Chapter 7 petition. Since the cause of action was not administered or abandoned by the trustee of the estate, the cause of action remains part of plaintiffs estate. Therefore, the trustee in bankruptcy, and not the plaintiff, has standing to sue. For the foregoing reasons, defendant’s motion to dismiss plaintiffs complaint for lack of standing is granted.