v.
T.A.K.
The State appeals an order dismissing T.A.K.'s delinquency case due to the expiration of an earlier imposed probationary term. We have jurisdiction. See Fla. R. App. P. 9.145(c)(1)(A). We affirm.
Background Facts
T.A.K. pleaded guilty to the delinquent act of battery. The trial court withheld adjudication of delinquency and placed T.A.K. on six months' probation. The probationary term was to end on October 28, 2016. On September 15, 2016, the State filed an unsworn "Notice of violation of court order," stating that T.A.K. had failed to comply with his probationary requirements. The State wanted the trial court to hold T.A.K. in contempt for his "fail[ure] to comply with multiple sanctions required by his case manager." The notice specified[*886] no material facts underlying the State's request.
The trial court scheduled an evidentiary hearing for October 25, 2016. T.A.K. was present for that hearing before Judge Moore. However, the parties were unable to proceed because defense counsel represented that he might have a conflict of interest. Consequently, the trial court rescheduled the hearing to October 27, 2016. On October 26, the State filed an unsworn petition seeking to revoke T.A.K.'s probation.
T.A.K. did not appear at the October 27 hearing. The State stated that, if T.A.K. were present, it was prepared to proceed on the revocation of probation. Nevertheless, because of the approaching October 28 expiration of T.A.K.'s probationary term, the State asked the trial court to extend its jurisdiction beyond October 28. The trial court (Judge Coleman) agreed. Judge Coleman reasoned that T.A.K.'s probationary term had been tolled by the State's filing of the October 26 petition. He also concluded that tolling occurred because the revocation proceeding began at the October 27 hearing, prior to the termination date.
On January 27, 2017, T.A.K. filed a motion to dismiss the petition due to the expiration of jurisdiction. Following a February 2, 2017, hearing, the trial court (Judge Moore) granted the motion, despite Judge Coleman's earlier ruling to extend jurisdiction.
State's Argument
The State raises two arguments. First, the State contends that it properly filed the petition and that revocation proceedings were initiated before the October 28 expiration of probation. Thus, according to the State, the trial court retained jurisdiction. Second, the State argues that the trial court impermissibly considered T.A.K.'s motion to dismiss, as it was in actuality an untimely motion for rehearing. See Fla. R. Juv. P. 8.130(b)(1) (requiring a motion for rehearing "be made within 10 days of the entry of the order being challenged"). We reject the second argument without further comment. We reject the first argument, too; however, we write to explain why tolling did not apply. In doing so, we address the manner in which the State purported to initiate probation revocation proceedings against T.A.K.
Analysis
There is no tolling provision applicable to juvenile probation violation proceedings. See T.L.H. v. State,
We now address the process by which the State pursued T.A.K.'s alleged probation violations. Upon a probation violation, "the [Department of Juvenile Justice] or the state attorney may bring the child before the court on a petition alleging a violation of the program." § 985.439(1)(b), Fla. Stat. (2016). We have not hesitated to reverse orders revoking a juvenile's probation absent a filed petition. See R.H.,
However, that is not the end. Rule 8.120(a)(2) provides in pertinent part as follows: "Any proceeding alleging a violation shall be initiated by the filing of a sworn affidavit of the material facts supporting the allegation(s). The affidavit shall be executed by the child's juvenile probation officer or other person having actual knowledge of the facts." See also T.L.H.,
The State's petition neither incorporated nor referenced the required affidavit. And for good reason. Our record reflects that no such affidavit was ever filed. Accordingly, the State's effort to initiate revocation proceedings against T.A.K. never really started, despite its seeming knowledge for more than a month that T.A.K. was allegedly in violation of probation. Cf. T.L.H.
T.A.K.'s case is analogous to D.T.M. v. State,
[*888] The court reasoned that "[t]he plain language of rule 8.120 requires a sworn affidavit"; and because none had been filed, the trial court improperly found that he was in violation of his probation.
Similar to D.T.M., we see no affidavit in our record. We are faced with an unsworn notice and an unsworn petition. As noted earlier, the affidavit must be executed by either "the child's juvenile probation officer or other person having actual knowledge of the facts." Fla. R. Juv. P. 8.120(a)(2). That did not happen.
Further, the State's contention that its initiation of the probation revocation proceedings on October 27 tolled expiration of T.A.K.'s probation bears closer scrutiny. The State insists that tolling occurred because it had "filed a violation of probation petition on October 26th and was ready to proceed on the petition at the revocation hearing scheduled for October 27th."
Be that as it may, as noted earlier, there is no tolling applicable here. Moreover, we emphasize that the State failed to file an accompanying affidavit. "Among the minimal requirements of due process in a revocation proceeding is written notice of the alleged violation." M.T.,
Conclusion
Because the State failed to follow the mandated process through which T.A.K. could be brought before the trial court to answer for the alleged probation violations, T.A.K.'s probationary term expired on October 28. Therefore, the trial court properly dismissed the State's petition for violation of probation.
Affirmed.
KHOUZAM and CRENSHAW, JJ., Concur.
Interestingly, in early January 2017, T.A.K.'s juvenile probation officer filed a written recommendation "to withdraw[ ] the contempt of court" because "jurisdiction was lost for the battery case." Apparently, the State did not heed this advice.
The D.T.M. court stated that "[t]his order is without prejudice to the initiation of a proper revocation hearing." Id. at 624. The juvenile's probation had not yet expired at the time the D.T.M. opinion issued. In contrast, T.A.K.'s probation termination date expired prior to entry of the order now on appeal.