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Florida Statute 90.5015 - Full Text and Legal Analysis
Florida Statute 90.5015 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
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The 2025 Florida Statutes

Title VII
EVIDENCE
Chapter 90
EVIDENCE CODE
View Entire Chapter
90.5015 Journalist’s privilege.
(1) DEFINITIONS.For purposes of this section, the term:
(a) “News” means information of public concern relating to local, statewide, national, or worldwide issues or events.
(b) “Professional journalist” means a person regularly engaged in collecting, photographing, recording, writing, editing, reporting, or publishing news, for gain or livelihood, who obtained the information sought while working as a salaried employee of, or independent contractor for, a newspaper, news journal, news agency, press association, wire service, radio or television station, network, or news magazine. Book authors and others who are not professional journalists, as defined in this paragraph, are not included in the provisions of this section.
(2) PRIVILEGE.A professional journalist has a qualified privilege not to be a witness concerning, and not to disclose the information, including the identity of any source, that the professional journalist has obtained while actively gathering news. This privilege applies only to information or eyewitness observations obtained within the normal scope of employment and does not apply to physical evidence, eyewitness observations, or visual or audio recording of crimes. A party seeking to overcome this privilege must make a clear and specific showing that:
(a) The information is relevant and material to unresolved issues that have been raised in the proceeding for which the information is sought;
(b) The information cannot be obtained from alternative sources; and
(c) A compelling interest exists for requiring disclosure of the information.
(3) DISCLOSURE.A court shall order disclosure pursuant to subsection (2) only of that portion of the information for which the showing under subsection (2) has been made and shall support such order with clear and specific findings made after a hearing.
(4) WAIVER.A professional journalist does not waive the privilege by publishing or broadcasting information.
(5) CONSTRUCTION.This section must not be construed to limit any privilege or right provided to a professional journalist under law.
(6) AUTHENTICATION.Photographs, diagrams, video recordings, audio recordings, computer records, or other business records maintained, disclosed, provided, or produced by a professional journalist, or by the employer or principal of a professional journalist, may be authenticated for admission in evidence upon a showing, by affidavit of the professional journalist, or other individual with personal knowledge, that the photograph, diagram, video recording, audio recording, computer record, or other business record is a true and accurate copy of the original, and that the copy truly and accurately reflects the observations and facts contained therein.
(7) ACCURACY OF EVIDENCE.If the affidavit of authenticity and accuracy, or other relevant factual circumstance, causes the court to have clear and convincing doubts as to the authenticity or accuracy of the proffered evidence, the court may decline to admit such evidence.
(8) SEVERABILITY.If any provision of this section or its application to any particular person or circumstance is held invalid, that provision or its application is severable and does not affect the validity of other provisions or applications of this section.
History.s. 1, ch. 98-48; s. 20, ch. 2023-8.

F.S. 90.5015 on Google Scholar

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Amendments to 90.5015


Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases Citing Statute 90.5015

Total Results: 15  |  Sort by: Relevance  |  Newest First

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Florida Hosp. Waterman, Inc. v. Buster, 984 So. 2d 478 (Fla. 2008).

Cited 68 times | Published | Supreme Court of Florida | 2008 WL 596700

...ication was privileged at the time it was made. " See ch. 76-237, § 1, at 566, Laws of Fla. (creating section 90.509). [13] See, e.g., § 44.405, Fla. Stat. (2006) (providing a privilege for all mediation parties regarding mediation communication); § 90.5015, Fla....
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In Re Amendments to Fla. Evidence Code, 782 So. 2d 339 (Fla. 2000).

Cited 14 times | Published | Supreme Court of Florida | 25 Fla. L. Weekly Supp. 909, 2000 Fla. LEXIS 2043, 2000 WL 1587794

...ermination in certain criminal prosecutions); 96-330, section 2 (changing a statutory reference in section 90.803(8), Florida Statutes, Hearsay exceptions; availability of declarant immaterial; Public Records and Reports); 98-48, section 1 (creating section 90.5015, Florida Statutes, Journalist's privilege); 98-403, section 127 (changing a statutory reference in section 90.5036, Florida Statutes, Domestic violence advocate-victim privilege); 99-2, section 27 (changing a statutory reference in se...
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State v. Famiglietti, 817 So. 2d 901 (Fla. 3d DCA 2002).

Cited 9 times | Published | Florida 3rd District Court of Appeal | 2002 WL 879409

...When the legislature created the journalist's privilege, the legislature said in plain words that it is "a qualified privilege not to be a witness concerning ... information... that the professional journalist has obtained while actively gathering news." § 90.5015(2), Fla....
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State v. Davis, 720 So. 2d 220 (Fla. 1998).

Cited 7 times | Published | Supreme Court of Florida | 1998 WL 732918

...supporting the death penalty, which was eventually imposed in that case. Notably, our holding in this case is consistent with the recently created "journalist's *228 privilege." That legislation, chapter 98-48, Laws of Florida, provides as follows: Section 90.5015, Florida Statutes, is created to read: 90.5015 Journalist's privilege....
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Askari Abdullah Muhammad f/k/a Thomas Knight v. State of Florida, 132 So. 3d 176 (Fla. 2014).

Cited 4 times | Published | Supreme Court of Florida

...Ruling Quashing Journalists‟ Subpoenas and Excluding News Articles The circuit court quashed subpoenas issued by Muhammad‟s counsel to Associated Press reporter Brendan Farrington and to Gainesville Sun newspaper reporter Morgan Watkins based on the qualified journalist‟s privilege set forth in section 90.5015, Florida Statutes (2013)....
...In the articles, the reporters noted that Happ blinked and moved his head several times in the minutes following introduction of midazolam hydrochloride. - 13 - The reporters filed motions to quash the subpoenas based on section 90.5015, which creates a qualified journalist‟s privilege against compelled testimony under certain circumstances. That section provides in pertinent part as follows: 90.5015....
...ournalist does not waive the privilege by publishing or broadcasting information. (5) CONSTRUCTION.—This section must not be construed to limit any privilege or right provided to a professional journalist under law. § 90.5015 (1)-(5), Fla....
...In order to overcome the privilege, the party must demonstrate that the journalist‟s information is relevant, that the information cannot be reasonably obtained from alternative sources, and that a compelling interest exists requiring disclosure. See § 90.5015(2)(a)-(c), Fla....
...and that he had a compelling interest in the information because of the constitutional nature of his claim. We conclude that the circuit court did not abuse its discretion in quashing these two subpoenas based on the qualified privilege in section 90.5015....
...2011) (holding that the circuit court did not err in excluding as inadmissible hearsay the affidavits of two reporters, and newspaper articles written by them, detailing their accounts of an execution). Because Muhammad failed to overcome the qualified journalist‟s privilege under section 90.5015, and because the news articles were inadmissible hearsay, the circuit court did not abuse its discretion in quashing the subpoenas and in excluding the articles. - 17 - B....
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TheStreet. Com, Inc. v. Carroll, 20 So. 3d 947 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009).

Cited 3 times | Published | Florida 4th District Court of Appeal | 2009 Fla. App. LEXIS 14516, 2009 WL 3110102

...This protection has been historically applied to prevent compelled disclosure of the identity of confidential sources as well as the information acquired from confidential sources in the newsgathering process. 669 So.2d at 317 (citations omitted). The privilege is governed by section 90.5015, Florida Statutes, which expressly provides a professional journalist with a qualified privilege not to disclose "the information, including the identity of any source, that the professional journalist has obtained while actively gathering news." § 90.5015(2), Fla....
...See Liberty Mut. Ins. Co. v. Lease America, *950 Inc., 735 So.2d 560 (Fla. 4th DCA 1999); Abamar Hous. & Dev., Inc. v. Lisa Daly Lady Decor, Inc., 698 So.2d 276 (Fla. 3d DCA 1997). Equally, we also reject Carroll's argument that the privilege was overcome under section 90.5015(2). Carroll failed to make the clear and specific showing required to overcome the privilege under this section, and the trial court also failed to make the required clear and specific findings for such a result. §§ 90.5015(2) and (3), Fla....
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News-Journal Corp. v. Carson, 741 So. 2d 572 (Fla. 5th DCA 1999).

Cited 3 times | Published | Florida 5th District Court of Appeal | 1999 Fla. App. LEXIS 11129, 1999 WL 631700

...Kaney, Jr., of Cobb, Cole & Bell, Daytona Beach, for Petitioners. Kevin Kitpatrick Carson of Kevin "Kit" Carson, P.A., Daytona Beach, for Respondent. W. SHARP, J. The issue in this case is whether Florida's qualified journalist's privilege statute, section 90.5015(2), Florida Statutes (Supp....
...4th DCA 1997) (voluntary disclosure of client lists alleged to be privileged trade secrets would waive privilege). [3] See Maressa v. New Jersey Monthly, 89 N.J. 176, 445 A.2d 376 (1982); Coughlin v. Westinghouse Broadcasting and Cable, Inc., 603 F.Supp. 377 (E.D.Pa.), affirmed, 780 F.2d 340 (3d Cir.1985). [4] § 90.5015(2)(a), Fla. Stat. [5] See New York Times v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254, 84 S.Ct. 710, 11 L.Ed.2d 686 (1979). [6] See Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323, 94 S.Ct. 2997, 41 L.Ed.2d 789 (1974). [7] § 90.5015(2)(b), Fla. Stat. [8] § 90.5015(2)(c), Fla....
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McCarty v. Bankers Ins., 195 F.R.D. 39 (N.D. Fla. 1998).

Cited 2 times | Published | District Court, N.D. Florida | 27 Media L. Rep. (BNA) 1051, 1998 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 23078, 1998 WL 1285304

specified information. The bill, which created Section 90.5015, Florida Statutes, was signed by the Governor
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Ulrich v. Coast Dental Servs., Inc., 739 So. 2d 142 (Fla. 5th DCA 1999).

Cited 2 times | Published | Florida 5th District Court of Appeal | 27 Media L. Rep. (BNA) 2438, 1999 Fla. App. LEXIS 9524, 1999 WL 548973

...newscast involving Coast. After the broadcast, Coast sued various former employees for breach of their confidentiality agreements and then subpoenaed Ulrich to obtain the identities of the employees that Ulrich spoke with in his investigation. *143 Section 90.5015, Florida Statutes (effective May 12, 1998), provides in part: (2) PRIVILEGE.—A professional journalist has a qualified privilege not to be a witness concerning, and not to disclose the information, including the identity of any source, that the professional journalist has obtained while actively gathering news....
...Privileges contravene the fundamental principle that the public has a right to every man's evidence. See, Trammel v. U.S., 445 U.S. 40, 100 S.Ct. 906, 63 L.Ed.2d 186 (1980); Graham & Glazier, The Handbook of Florida Evidence, § 501.1, p. 308 (1996). Section 90.5015, Florida Statutes, recognizes a qualified journalist's privilege in Florida....
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State v. Avery Topps, 142 So. 3d 978 (Fla. 4th DCA 2014).

Cited 1 times | Published | Florida 4th District Court of Appeal | 2014 WL 3730009, 2014 Fla. App. LEXIS 11606

...im (§ 90.5035(1)(e)1., 2., 3.), domestic violence advocate-victim (§ 90.5036(1)(d)1., 2.), clergy (§ 90.505(1)(b)), and accountant-client (§ 90.5055(1)(c)1., 2.). Such language is missing from the provisions of both the journalist’s privilege (§ 90.5015) and the spousal privilege (§ 90.504). 3 In analyzing the breadth of the privilege and scope of the waiver, courts have often analogized the psychotherapist-patient privilege to the attorney-client privilege....
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Palm Beach Newspapers, LLC v. Colin, 199 So. 3d 556 (Fla. 4th DCA 2016).

Published | Florida 4th District Court of Appeal | 2016 Fla. App. LEXIS 13811, 2016 WL 4917049

journalist enjoys a qualified privilege under section 90.5015, Florida Statutes (2016), to not be a witness
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Cable News Network, Inc. v. Michael Black, M.d., Mba (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2020).

Published | District Court of Appeal of Florida

protected by the journalist privilege pursuant to section 90.5015, Florida Statutes (2019). We conclude that
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Olson v. Huggins, 709 So. 2d 660 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1998).

Published | District Court of Appeal of Florida | 1998 Fla. App. LEXIS 5807, 1998 WL 259901

the trial court can consider the pertinence of § 90.5015, Fla. Stat. (Supp.1998), at its earliest convenience
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WTVJ-NBC 6 v. Shehadeh, 56 So. 3d 104 (Fla. 3d DCA 2011).

Published | Florida 3rd District Court of Appeal | 2011 Fla. App. LEXIS 3181, 36 Fla. L. Weekly Fed. D 514

under Florida’s “journalist’s privilege,” section 90.5015, Florida Statutes (2010). We find that WTVJ
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Ocala Star Banner Corp. v. State, 721 So. 2d 838 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1998).

Published | District Court of Appeal of Florida | 1998 Fla. App. LEXIS 15940, 1998 WL 880918

asserted the journalist qualified privilege under section 90.5015, Florida Statute.1 Jones has filed a suggestion

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