Home
Menu
Call attorney Graham Syfert at 904-383-7448
Personal Injury Lawyer
Florida Statute 394.918 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
F.S. 394.918 Case Law from Google Scholar
Statute is currently reporting as:
Link to State of Florida Official Statute Google Search for Amendments to 394.918

The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XXIX
PUBLIC HEALTH
Chapter 394
MENTAL HEALTH
View Entire Chapter
F.S. 394.918
394.918 Examinations; notice; court hearings for release of committed persons; burden of proof.
(1) A person committed under this part shall have an examination of his or her mental condition once every year or more frequently at the court’s discretion. The person may retain or, if the person is indigent and so requests, the court may appoint, a qualified professional to examine the person. Such a professional shall have access to all records concerning the person. The results of the examination shall be provided to the court that committed the person under this part. Upon receipt of the report, the court shall conduct a review of the person’s status.
(2) The department shall provide the person with annual written notice of the person’s right to petition the court for release over the objection of the director of the facility where the person is housed. The notice must contain a waiver of rights. The director of the facility shall forward the notice and waiver form to the court.
(3) The court shall hold a limited hearing to determine whether there is probable cause to believe that the person’s condition has so changed that it is safe for the person to be at large and that the person will not engage in acts of sexual violence if discharged. The person has the right to be represented by counsel at the probable cause hearing and the right to be present. Both the petitioner and the respondent may present evidence that the court may weigh and consider. If the court determines that there is probable cause to believe it is safe to release the person, the court shall set a trial before the court on the issue.
(4) At the trial before the court, the person is entitled to be present and is entitled to the benefit of all constitutional protections afforded the person at the initial trial, except for the right to a jury. The state attorney shall represent the state and has the right to have the person examined by professionals chosen by the state. At the hearing, the state bears the burden of proving, by clear and convincing evidence, that the person’s mental condition remains such that it is not safe for the person to be at large and that, if released, the person is likely to engage in acts of sexual violence.
History.s. 10, ch. 98-64; s. 13, ch. 99-222; s. 6, ch. 2014-2.
Note.Former s. 916.38.

F.S. 394.918 on Google Scholar

F.S. 394.918 on Casetext

Amendments to 394.918


Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 394.918
Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

Current data shows no reason an arrest or criminal charge should have occurred directly under Florida Statute 394.918.



Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

L. FREEMAN, v. STATE, 268 So. 3d 926 (Fla. App. Ct. 2019)

. . . Barry Freeman appeared before the trial court for a nonjury trial pursuant to section 394.918(4), Florida . . . address and resolve the sole issue of whether the State met its evidentiary burden of proof under section 394.918 . . . and remand for the trial court to determine whether the State met its burden of proof under section 394.918 . . .

A. WALKER, v. STATE, 262 So. 3d 884 (Fla. App. Ct. 2019)

. . . See § 394.918(1), Fla. Stat. . . .

CAMPBELL, III, v. STATE, 249 So. 3d 703 (Fla. App. Ct. 2018)

. . . . § 394.918, Fla. Stat. . . . that the State is required to prove the value of treatment in the recidivism equation under section 394.918 . . .

T. STENGEL, v. STATE, 248 So. 3d 127 (Fla. App. Ct. 2018)

. . . (quoting § 394.918(1), Fla. Stat.). . . . See §§ 394.917, 394.918, Fla. Stat. . . . See § 394.918, Fla. Stat. . . .

GOLDEN, v. STATE, 231 So. 3d 593 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2017)

. . . Following an annual review hearing in 2014, the trial court, pursuant to section 394.918(3), Florida . . . to be at large and that, if released, the person is likely to engage in acts of sexual violence.” § 394.918 . . .

BARRON, v. STATE, 217 So. 3d 1088 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2017)

. . . commitment, which required the trial court to follow the threshold procedures established in section 394.918 . . . In 2014, the Florida Legislature amended section 394.918(3). . . . It would appear that the 2014 amendment to section 394.918(3) supersedes those corresponding portions . . . Under section 394.918(3), if a trial court finds probable cause, it shall set the petition for a full . . . determination at a nonjury trial pursuant to section 394.918(4), which provides: At the trial before . . .

VEGA, v. DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES,, 214 So. 3d 775 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2017)

. . . because the Department had not been conducting the annual mental health examinations required by section 394.918 . . . Department to show cause why this court should not issue a writ directing it to comply with section 394.918 . . . by filing copies of transcripts of the annual review hearings held by the court pursuant to section 394.918 . . . examination report to argue that the Department is not fulfilling its statutory obligations under section 394.918 . . .

RUIZ, v. DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES,, 212 So. 3d 431 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2016)

. . . because the Department has not been conducting annual mental health examinations as required by section 394.918 . . . Department to show cause why this court should not issue a writ directing it to comply with section 394.918 . . . Department filed copies of treatment progress reports from 2013-2015 which it asserted comply with section 394.918 . . .

LAKE, v. STATE, 193 So. 3d 932 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2016)

. . . In January 2016, the commitment center submitted its annual Treatment Progress Report under section 394.918 . . . See § 394.918(2).- The parties stipulated that, under section 394.918(3), there was a sufficient basis . . . A bench trial was scheduled under section 394.918(4) for January 27, 2016. . . .

BRZOZOWSKI, v. STATE, 197 So. 3d 1103 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2016)

. . . immediate release is not the proper remedy for violations of the post-commitment procedures in section 394.918 . . .

I. ABAUNZA, v. STATE, 180 So. 3d 1201 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2015)

. . . . §§ 394.918-.920, Fla. . . .

I. JACKSON, v. STATE, 166 So. 3d 906 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2015)

. . . . § 394.918. In November 2011, Mr. . . . See § 394.918(1), Fla. Stat. (2013). . . . See § 394.918. . . . . § 394.918(1). . . . .” § 394.918(3). . . .

J. R. v. PALMER,, 175 So. 3d 710 (Fla. 2015)

. . . 394.467(7), Florida Statutes, and involuntary commitment of sexually violent predators under sections 394.918 . . . 394.467(7), Florida Statutes, and involuntary commitments of sexually violent predators under sections 394.918 . . .

GAUTHIER, v. STATE, 162 So. 3d 1086 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2015)

. . . Appellant made a sufficient showing of probable cause to be entitled to a trial pursuant to section 394.918 . . .

JAMAAL ALI BILAL, a k a L. v. STATE, 157 So. 3d 1093 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2015)

. . . See §§ 394.918(2) and .920, Fla. Stat. . . . See § 394.918(3)-(4), Fla. Stat. Ultimately, however, the court denied Mr. . . . to be at large and that, if released, the person is likely to engage in acts of sexual violence.” § 394.918 . . . mental condition diagnosis that must “remain” for purposes of considering a petition for release in § 394.918 . . . real-life condition remains or has changed, irrespective of the DSM-5’s current clinical nomenclature. §- 394.918 . . .

KAKUK, v. STATE, 148 So. 3d 845 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2014)

. . . . § 394.918(3), Fla. Stat. (2013). The burden is on the petitioner to prove probable cause. . . . establishes probable cause, he is entitled to a nonjury trial to determine his . fitness to be released. § 394.918 . . . if the evidence is sufficient to establish probable cause, the court must set the issue for trial. § 394.918 . . . (codified at § 394.918(3), Fla. Stat.). The amendment is silent as to retroactive applicability. . . .

R. FIELDING, v. STATE, 147 So. 3d 1080 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2014)

. . . reverse and remand this cause with instructions that the trial court conduct a trial pursuant to section 394.918 . . .

In AMENDMENTS TO FLORIDA RULE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE FOR INVOLUNTARY COMMITMENT OF SEXUALLY VIOLENT PREDATORS, 140 So. 3d 996 (Fla. 2014)

. . . Committee unanimously proposes amendments to rule 4.470 in response to recent amendments to section 394.918 . . . And third, the word “retained” is removed from the rule because section 394.918(3) provides that the . . .

HARTZOG, v. STATE, 133 So. 3d 570 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2014)

. . . Section 394.918(1) requires that a person who has been committed have a mental examination “once every . . . See § 394.918(2), Fla. Stat. (2013). . . . See § 394.918(3) and (4), Fla. Stat. (2013). . . . Section 394.918(2), Florida Statutes (2013) provides: The department shall provide the person with annual . . .

McKEE, v. JACOBO, As, 127 So. 3d 857 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2013)

. . . See § 394.918(1) ("A person committed under this part shall have an examination of his or her mental . . .

HOLDER, v. STATE, 123 So. 3d 136 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2013)

. . . . § 394.918(l)-(2), Fla. Stat. (1999). . . . Id. § 394.918(1). . . . . § 394.918(2). . . . Id. § 394.918(3). . . .

J. R. v. HANSEN,, 736 F.3d 959 (11th Cir. 2013)

. . . . § 394.918(1), (3). . . .

KAKUK, v. DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY SERVICES, STATE OF FLORIDA,, 516 F. App'x 901 (11th Cir. 2013)

. . . . § 394.918 that a court examine the “mental condition” of a person committed under the Jimmy Ryce Act . . . Id. § 394.918(1). . . . Id. § 394.918(3). . . . Id. § 394.918(3)-(4). . . .

SHERMAN, v. STATE, 107 So. 3d 1225 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2013)

. . . committed under the Sexually Violent Predators Act and has petitioned for a hearing under Florida Statute 394.918 . . . Section 394.918(3) provides for a “limited hearing” to determine whether probable cause exists to believe . . .

SPIVEY, v. STATE, 100 So. 3d 1254 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . We conclude that Spivey met his burden of proof at the section 394.918(3) limited probable cause hearing . . . Specifically, section 394.918(1)-(3), Florida Statutes (2010), provides: 394.918. . . . Pursuant to section 394.918, the State gave Spivey notice in March 2011 that his annual review was due . . . A judge’s review of the evidence in a section 394.918(3) limited probable cause hearing is similar to . . . Section 394.918(3), Florida Statutes (2010), contains no requirement that the committed person must complete . . .

BROWN, v. STATE, 101 So. 3d 381 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . Eric Jensen to testify telephonically at the appellant’s annual review trial held pursuant to section 394.918 . . .

MITCHELL, v. STATE, 98 So. 3d 694 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . denial, after non-jury trial, of his petition for release from civil commitment pursuant to section 394.918 . . . petition for release from the custody of the Department of Children and Families, pursuant to section 394.918 . . . After finding probable cause under section 394.918(3), Florida Statutes, the trial court ordered a non-jury . . . The central issue before the trial court, pursuant to section 394.918(4), Florida Statutes, was whether . . . case of the State’s failure to present adequate evidence to meet its burden of proof under section 394.918 . . .

WILLIAMS, v. STATE, 92 So. 3d 288 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . Finding that he met his burden of proof at the limited probable cause hearing held pursuant to section 394.918 . . . (3), we reverse the trial court’s order and remand for trial held pursuant to section 394.918(4). . . . matter de novo, we reverse the order finding no probable cause and remand for a trial under section 394.918 . . .

CHUKES, v. STATE, 90 So. 3d 950 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . See § 394.918(4), Fla. Stat. (2010). . . . We reverse because Chukes met his burden of proof at the section 394.918(3) limited probable cause hearing . . . Specifically, section 394.918(l)-(3), Florida Statutes (2010), provides: 394.918. . . . Pursuant to section 394.918, the State gave Chukes notice in February 2011 that his annual review was . . . A judge’s review of the evidence in a section 394.918(3) limited probable cause hearing is similar to . . .

MOREL, v. E. WILKINS,, 84 So. 3d 226 (Fla. 2012)

. . . . § 394.918, Fla. Stat. (1999-2010). . . . See generally § 394.918, Fla. Stat. (2002). . . . . § 394.918(2), Fla. Stat. . . .

ROELING, v. STATE, 79 So. 3d 934 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . After a non-jury trial pursuant to section 394.918(4), Florida Statutes, the trial court entered an order . . . brief, the record clearly establishes that the order on appeal resulted from a trial under section 394.918 . . .

MOREL, s v. H. SHELDON, s s v. s, 59 So. 3d 1082 (Fla. 2011)

. . . . § 394.918, Fla. Stat. (1999-2010). . . .

In COMMITMENT OF MOREL, v., 67 So. 3d 1062 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2010)

. . . . § 394.918, Fla. Stat. (1999-2010). . . .

STEPHENS, v. STATE, 43 So. 3d 709 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2010)

. . . Appellant filed a petition for annual review of his mental condition pursuant to section 394.918(1), . . . The court set the case for trial in accordance with section 394.918(3), Florida Statutes. . . . to be at large and that, if released, the person is likely to engage in acts of sexual violence.” § 394.918 . . .

SPIVEY, v. STATE, 12 So. 3d 880 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . Discussion Two of the procedural safeguards provided by the Jimmy Ryce Act are section 394.918’s procedure . . . authority explaining the procedure under section 394.920, it would follow the procedure outlined in section 394.918 . . . A petitioner must meet his or her burden of establishing probable cause under section 394.918 by presenting . . .

LARIMORE, v. STATE, 2 So. 3d 101 (Fla. 2008)

. . . that the person requires commitment. 831 So.2d at 105; see also §§ 394.916(3)-(5), 394.917(1), (3), 394.918 . . .

E. RICHIE, v. STATE, 987 So. 2d 807 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . . § 394.918 (2007). . . .

C. WHITE, v. FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, 981 So. 2d 1233 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . to compel the Department and the committing court to perform their respective duties under section 394.918 . . . by the Department’s response in this case that it has discharged its obligations under subsections 394.918 . . . On the other hand, where the requirements of subsections 394.918(1) and (2) have been satisfied but the . . . directing the committing court to promptly conduct the limited probable cause hearing called for by section 394.918 . . .

FUERY, v. STATE, 968 So. 2d 77 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2007)

. . . Finding that he met his burden of proof at the section 394.918(3) limited probable cause hearing, we . . . reverse the trial court’s order and remand for a full trial held pursuant to section 394.918(4). . . . See § 394.918(3). . . . A judge’s review of the evidence in a section 394.918(3) limited probable cause hearing is similar to . . . We reverse the order finding no probable cause, and remand for a trial under section 394.918(4). . . .

In COMMITMENT OF CAMPER. v., 928 So. 2d 1275 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . See § 394.918, Fla. Stat. (2004). . . . claim and proceeded solely on the issue of whether or not probable cause was established under section 394.918 . . .

In COMMITMENT OF ALLEN. v., 927 So. 2d 1070 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . Section 394.918 establishes the following procedure for persons committed under this chapter: (1) A person . . . Pursuant to section 394.918(3), Allen was entitled to an annual probable cause hearing to determine if . . . The language in section 394.918 differentiating the proceedings required under that section supports . . . Section 394.918(4) specifically provides that at that trial, “the state bears the. burden of proving, . . . The omission of the emphasized language from section 394.918(3) suggests that the legislature did not . . .

STATE v. GODBOLT, Jr., 895 So. 2d 536 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . The matter was therefore scheduled for a non-jury trial in accordance with section 394.918(3), Florida . . .

WILLIAMS, v. STATE, 889 So. 2d 804 (Fla. 2004)

. . . See § 394.918, Fla. Stat. (2002). . . .

L. LAVENDER, v. STATE, 889 So. 2d 882 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . Section 394.918(1), Florida Statutes (2003), requires that the committed person undergo an examination . . . required to review the person’s status and then hold a limited probable cause hearing described in section 394.918 . . . Section 394.918(1), Florida Statutes (2003), provides: (1) A person committed under this part shall have . . . Section 394.918(3), Florida Statutes (2003), provides: 3) The court shall hold a limited hearing to determine . . .

WESTERHEIDE, v. STATE, 888 So. 2d 702 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . Pertinent to this appeal, section 894.918 of the Florida Statutes provides as follows: - 394.918. . . . to be at large and that, if released, the person is likely to engage in acts of sexual violence. § 394.918 . . . See § 394.918(3), Fla. Stat. (2002). . . .

WILLIAMS, v. STATE, 882 So. 2d 1082 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . .” § 394.918(4), Fla. Stat. (2004). . . .

STANLEY, v. STATE, 875 So. 2d 796 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . Alternatively, he seeks a writ of mandamus ordering the trial court to comply with section 394.918(3) . . . We direct the circuit court to hold a limited probable cause hearing pursuant to section 394.918(3), . . .

FREEZE, v. STATE, 875 So. 2d 731 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . Alternatively, he seeks a writ of mandamus ordering the trial court to comply with section 394.918(3) . . . We direct the circuit court to hold a limited probable cause hearing pursuant to section 394.918(3), . . .

BRANCH, v. STATE, 874 So. 2d 708 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . Alternatively, he seeks a writ of mandamus ordering the trial court to comply with section 394.918(3) . . . We direct the circuit court to hold a limited probable cause hearing pursuant to section 394.918(3), . . .

ALLEN, v. STATE, 873 So. 2d 576 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . .” § 394.918(1). This process began when the Department presented Mr. . . . Alen with a form titled “Waiver of Rights under section 394.918, Florida Statutes.” . . . Section 394.918(1) requires that the committed person undergo an examination of his mental condition . . . Section 394.918(3) states that the circuit court “shall” hold a limited probable cause hearing. . . . Section 394.918 of the Florida Act contains similar provisions but with important distinctions. . . .

WILLIAMS, v. STATE v., 852 So. 2d 433 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . See § 394.918, Fla. Stat. (2001). . . .

STATE v. GOODE,, 830 So. 2d 817 (Fla. 2002)

. . . Sections 394.918-.930 of the Ryce Act provide for the civil commitment of “sexually violent predators . . .

WESTERHEIDE, v. STATE, 831 So. 2d 93 (Fla. 2002)

. . . See §§ 394.9155(7), 394.918(l)-(2) Fla. Stat. (2001). . . . See id. § 394.918(1). . . . See id. § 394.918(2). . See § 394.916(3), (4), Fla. Stat. (2001). . See id. § 394.916(5). . . . . See id. § 394.918. . See id. §§ 394.918(2), 394.920. . See id. § 394.918(4). . . . .

HUDSON, v. STATE, 825 So. 2d 460 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . . § 394.918(1). . . . Id. § 394.918(3). . . . Id. § 394.918(4). . . . Id. §§ 394.917(1), 394.918(4), 394.919(2). Appellant’s reliance on Kansas v. . . .

JACKSON, v. STATE, 802 So. 2d 1213 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . Section 394.918, Florida Statutes (1999), states, in pertinent part: (1) A person committed under this . . . See § 394.918(3)-(4), Fla. Stat. (1999). . . . Under section 394.918(4), the State has the burden to prove by clear and convincing evidence that the . . . Read in its entirety, section 394.918 does not support respondents’ position. . . . We find that the meaning of section 394.918 is discernable from its language. . . .

WESTERHEIDE, v. STATE, 767 So. 2d 637 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2000)

. . . See §§ 394.918-.920, Fla. Stat. (1999). . . . consideration of less restrictive alternatives in post commitment proceedings brought under sections 394.918 . . . person to be at large and that the person will not engage in acts of sexual violence if discharged.” § 394.918 . . . See §§ 394.918-.920, Fla. Stat. (1999). V. The Jury Instructions. . . . and (5) the right to subsequent examinations and hearings to determine the right to release, see §§ 394.918 . . . . § 394.918, Fla. Stat. . See, e.g., Cuda v. . . .