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Florida Statute 768.18 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
F.S. 768.18 Case Law from Google Scholar
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The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XLV
TORTS
Chapter 768
NEGLIGENCE
View Entire Chapter
F.S. 768.18
768.18 Definitions.As used in ss. 768.16-768.26:
(1) “Survivors” means the decedent’s spouse, children, parents, and, when partly or wholly dependent on the decedent for support or services, any blood relatives and adoptive brothers and sisters. It includes the child born out of wedlock of a mother, but not the child born out of wedlock of the father unless the father has recognized a responsibility for the child’s support.
(2) “Minor children” means children under 25 years of age, notwithstanding the age of majority.
(3) “Support” includes contributions in kind as well as money.
(4) “Services” means tasks, usually of a household nature, regularly performed by the decedent that will be a necessary expense to the survivors of the decedent. These services may vary according to the identity of the decedent and survivor and shall be determined under the particular facts of each case.
(5) “Net accumulations” means the part of the decedent’s expected net business or salary income, including pension benefits, that the decedent probably would have retained as savings and left as part of her or his estate if the decedent had lived her or his normal life expectancy. “Net business or salary income” is the part of the decedent’s probable gross income after taxes, excluding income from investments continuing beyond death, that remains after deducting the decedent’s personal expenses and support of survivors, excluding contributions in kind.
History.s. 1, ch. 72-35; s. 66, ch. 77-121; s. 40, ch. 77-468; s. 1, ch. 81-183; s. 3, ch. 89-61; s. 1, ch. 90-14; s. 1167, ch. 97-102; s. 107, ch. 2003-1.

F.S. 768.18 on Google Scholar

F.S. 768.18 on Casetext

Amendments to 768.18


Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 768.18
Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

Current data shows no reason an arrest or criminal charge should have occurred directly under Florida Statute 768.18.



Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

R. J. REYNOLDS TOBACCO COMPANY, v. SCHLEIDER,, 273 So. 3d 63 (Fla. App. Ct. 2018)

. . . ." § 768.18(2), Fla. Stat. . . . Section 768.18(2) defines a minor child as a child under twenty-five years of age. . . .

E. ODOM, v. R. J. REYNOLDS TOBACCO COMPANY,, 254 So. 3d 268 (Fla. 2018)

. . . . § 768.18(2) (defining minor child as a child "under 25 years of age"). . . . included only "dependent unmarried children under 21 years of age, notwithstanding the age of majority." § 768.18 . . . in 1981 to include all children under the age of twenty-five, notwithstanding the age of majority. § 768.18 . . .

DOMINO S PIZZA, LLC, v. WIEDERHOLD, E., 248 So. 3d 212 (Fla. App. Ct. 2018)

. . . . § 768.18(1). . . . So.2d 662, 664 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993) ("[I]t seems clear that the definition of 'survivors' in section 768.18 . . . and (2) of section 768.21 clearly provide that damages are recoverable from the date of "injury." §§ 768.18 . . .

IN RE STANDARD JURY INSTRUCTIONS IN CIVIL CASES- REPORT NO., 228 So. 3d 531 (Fla. 2017)

. . . See F.S. 768.18(5) (1985); Delta Air Lines, Inc. v. Ageloff, 552 So.2d 1089 (Fla. 1989); Wilcox v. . . . F.S. 768.18 and 768.21 (1990), applicable to causes of action accruing after October 1, 1990, expand . . . required if there is a factual question of whether a person is' a “survivor” within the meaning of F.S. 768.18 . . . The period of minority for purposes of the wrongful death act is age 25, F.S. 768.18(2). . . .

KELLY, K. v. GEORGIA- PACIFIC, LLC, Co., 211 So. 3d 340 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2017)

. . . . § 768.18(1), Fla. Stat. (2015). . . . See § 768.18, Fla. Stat. (2015). . . . . § 768.18(1), Fla. Stat. (2015). . . . and (2) of section 768.21 clearly provide that damages are recoverable from the date of “injury.” §§ 768.18 . . .

C. G. v. J. R. J. R., 130 So. 3d 776 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2014)

. . . The Florida Supreme Court looked at the legislative intent behind section 768.18(1), Florida Statutes . . .

In STANDARD JURY INSTRUCTIONS IN CIVIL CASE- REPORT NO., 130 So. 3d 596 (Fla. 2013)

. . . See F.S. 768.18(5) (1985); Delta Air Lines, Inc. v. Ageloff, 552 So.2d 1089 (Fla.1989); Wilcox v. . . . F.S. 768.18 and 768.21 (1990), applicable to causes of action accruing after October 1, 1990, expand . . . F.S. 768.18(2). . . . required if there is a factual question of whether a person is a “survivor'' within the meaning of F.S. 768.18 . . .

CLAUDIO a k a v. REGALADO, Sr. Jr. a Sr. Sr., 116 So. 3d 451 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2013)

. . . damages individually in his capacity as a statutory survivor of his deceased minor daughter under section 768.18 . . . certain that counter-defendants' counsel will bring that to the attention of the trial court. .See § 768.18 . . .

SPERANZA, v. LEONARD, Sr. P. LLC,, 925 F. Supp. 2d 266 (D. Conn. 2013)

. . . . § 768.18, et seq., and/or maritime wrongful death law; negligence; unseaworthiness; and loss of consortium . . .

PEREZ, v. UNITED STATES, 883 F. Supp. 2d 1257 (S.D. Fla. 2012)

. . . . § 768.18, which defines minor as “children under 25 years of age, notwithstanding the age of majority . . .

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA BOARD OF TRUSTEES, v. STONE, A. STONE,, 92 So. 3d 264 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . (creating section 768.18(2)(b)3., Florida Statutes). . . .

ZINN Co- v. UNITED STATES, 835 F. Supp. 2d 1280 (S.D. Fla. 2011)

. . . Stat § 768.18 as: The part of the decedent’s expected net business or salary income, including pension . . . Stat. § 768.18, and best reflects a credible and reliable damage assessment that gives the estate the . . .

GERMAINE, v. ST. GERMAIN,, 435 F. App'x 530 (7th Cir. 2011)

. . . . §§ 768.20, 768.18(1); Thompson v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. . . .

TOLBERT, v. TROMBLEY,, 424 F. App'x 419 (6th Cir. 2011)

. . . Laws § 768.18(1). . . .

GREENFIELD, M. D. v. DANIELS, St. s v., 51 So. 3d 421 (Fla. 2010)

. . . to whether the facts necessary to establish that the child qualifies as a “survivor” under section 768.18 . . . on the decedent for support or services, any blood relatives.” § 768.18(1), Fla. . . . Because we must determine if the phrase “out of wedlock of the father” contained in section 768.18(1) . . . We note that section 768.18(1) of the act provides that “blood relatives” of the decedent may recover . . . First, section 768.18(1) expressly authorizes survivor claims in a wrongful death action on behalf of . . .

BURKS, v. BEARY,, 713 F. Supp. 2d 1350 (M.D. Fla. 2010)

. . . . § 768.18. . . .

In STANDARD JURY INSTRUCTIONS IN CIVIL CASES- REPORT NO. In No. In No. In No. In No. s In No. In No. In No. In No., 35 So. 3d 666 (Fla. 2010)

. . . See F.S. 768.18(5) (1985); Delta Air Lines, Inc. v. Ageloff, 552 So.2d 1089 (Fla.1989); Wilcox v. . . . F.S. 768.18 and 768.21 (1990), applicable to causes of action accruing after October 1, 1990, expand . . . required if there is a factual question of whether a person is a “survivor” within the meaning ofF.S. 768.18 . . . F.S. 768.18(2). . . . NOTE ON USE FOR 502.4c When it is shown that decedent had no survivors as defined in F.S. 768.18(1), . . .

ESTATE OF McCALL, v. UNITED STATES, 663 F. Supp. 2d 1276 (N.D. Fla. 2009)

. . . . § 768.18(2). . . . .

DANIELS, v. GREENFIELD, M. D. M. D. P. A. St. s,, 15 So. 3d 908 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . . § 768.18(1), Fla. Stat. . . . .” § 768.18(2), Fla. Stat. . . . wedlock of the father unless the father has recognized a responsibility for the child’s support.” § 768.18 . . .

LIFEMARK HOSPITALS OF FLORIDA, INC. d b a v. AFONSO,, 4 So. 3d 764 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . services (past and future); and (3) loss of net accumulations of the estate, as defined by section 768.18 . . .

MILLER, T. T. a. k. a. T. a v. COGONI, a, 302 F. App'x 898 (11th Cir. 2008)

. . . . § 768.18. . . .

WATTERS, v. WALGREEN COMPANY, a M. n k a M., 967 So. 2d 930 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2007)

. . . See § 768.18(1), Fla. Slat. (2005). . . .

ESTATE HEISER, v. ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN, D. v., 466 F. Supp. 2d 229 (D.C. Cir. 2006)

. . . . § 768.18. . . . Ann. § 768.18. . . . Ann. § 768.18. . . . Ann. § 768.18. . . . Ann. § 768.18. . . .

UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI, v. WILSON,, 948 So. 2d 774 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . . § 768.18, Fla. . . . dult children of a decedent who are not dependent upon the decedent are not ‘survivors’ under section 768.18 . . .

McMAHON, v. PRESIDENTIAL AIRWAYS, INC. LLC,, 410 F. Supp. 2d 1189 (M.D. Fla. 2006)

. . . In their Complaint, the Plaintiffs bring a claim under the Florida Wrongful Death Act, Sections 768.18 . . .

NELSON, v. FREIGHTLINER, LLC, a a a, 154 F. App'x 98 (11th Cir. 2005)

. . . . §§ 768.18, 768.21. . . .

ENTERPRISE LEASING COMPANY, v. SOSA,, 907 So. 2d 1239 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . Section 768.18, Florida Statutes (2000), lists who may recover for wrongful death actions in Florida, . . .

BRUNSON, A. E. v. McKAY, D., 905 So. 2d 1058 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . The definition of “survivors” contained in section 768.18(1) of the Act in-eludes adult children. . . . depend on whether the children fall within the definition of "minor children” contained in section 768.18 . . .

KOILE, v. STATE, 902 So. 2d 822 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . See also § 768.18, Fla. Stat. (2003). . . .

BARLOW, v. NORTH OKALOOSA MEDICAL CENTER,, 877 So. 2d 655 (Fla. 2004)

. . . See § 768.18(5), Fla. . . . Section 768.18(5), Florida Statutes (2002), defines “net accumulations” as the part of the decedent’s . . .

VELIZ, v. RENTAL SERVICE CORPORATION USA, INC., 313 F. Supp. 2d 1317 (M.D. Fla. 2003)

. . . . § 768.18(1). . . .

BELLSOUTH TELECOMMUNICATIONS, INC. v. MEEKS,, 863 So. 2d 287 (Fla. 2003)

. . . . § 768.18(2). Meeks’ survivors filed suit against both FP & L and BellSouth. . . . Survivors include minor children. § 768.18(1), Fla. Stat. (2002). . . . .

DeVAUGHN, v. DeVAUGHN,, 840 So. 2d 1128 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . Section 768.18, Florida Statutes, provides that “survivors” are “the decedent’s spouse, minor children . . .

CITRUS COUNTY, v. McQUILLIN,, 840 So. 2d 343 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . . § 768.18(5), Fla. Stat. . . .

FLORIDA CONVALESCENT CENTERS, v. SOMBERG,, 840 So. 2d 998 (Fla. 2003)

. . . .” § 768.18(1), Fla. Stat. (1997). . . .

A. JOLLEY R. III, E. v. SEAMCO LABORATORIES, INC., 828 So. 2d 1050 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . .” § 768.18(1), Fla. Stat. (2001). . . .

NIZIOL v. DISTRICT SCHOOL BOARD PASCO COUNTY, O, 240 F. Supp. 2d 1194 (M.D. Fla. 2002)

. . . Plaintiffs allege that all Defendants are also liable under Florida’s Wrongful Death Statute, Section 768.18 . . .

C. THOMPSON, C. v. K. HODSON, M. D. K. M. D. P. A. K. M. D. v. C. C. K. M. D. v., 825 So. 2d 941 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . If the decedent is not a minor child as defined in s. 768.18(2), there are no lost support and services . . . See § 768.18(2), Fla. . . .

MEEKS, ESTATE OF J. MEEKS, v. FLORIDA POWER LIGHT COMPANY, a, 816 So. 2d 1125 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . . § 768.18(1), Fla. Stat. (1997). . . . children,” which requires the child to be “under 25 years of age, notwithstanding the age of majority.” § 768.18 . . .

BARLOW, v. NORTH OKALOOSA MEDICAL CENTER,, 809 So. 2d 71 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . See § 768.18(5), Fla. . . .

INFINITY INSURANCE COMPANY, v. L. BERGES,, 806 So. 2d 504 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . The claimants would be the survivors as defined by section 768.18, Florida Statues (1990), and would . . .

ACHUMBA, v. L. NEUSTEIN, M. D., 793 So. 2d 1013 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . Therefore, Achumba maintains that Smoot is entitled to recover under section 768.18 as Honor’s “survivor . . . motion for summary judgment arguing that Smoot could not be Honor’s “survivor” pursuant to section 768.18 . . . Section 768.18(1) defines survivors thusly: “Survivors” means the decedent’s spouse, children, parents . . . . § 768.18(1), Fla. Stat. (2000). . . .

WIGGINS, v. ESTATE OF WRIGHT,, 786 So. 2d 1247 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . See §§ 768.18(1), 768.21, Fla.Stat. (1999); Hess. . . .

GUADALUPE, v. PETERSON, a, 779 So. 2d 494 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2000)

. . . See § 768.18(1). . . . Section 768.18(2) defines “minor children” as children under 25 years of age, notwithstanding the age . . . , changes the decedent’s status from that of a minor to that of an adult for the purpose of section 768.18 . . . Section 768.18(2), however, is susceptible to more than one interpretation: the first being that it includes . . . The definition of “minor children” in section 768.18(2) was amended in 1981 to delete the terms “dependent . . .

HESS, v. HESS,, 758 So. 2d 1203 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2000)

. . . See §§ 768.18(1), 768.21, Fla. Stat. (1999). . . .

WILLIAMS a v. INFINITY INSURANCE COMPANY f k a, 745 So. 2d 573 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . See § 768.18(2), Fla. Stat. (1997). . . .

A. WEINSTEIN, v. STATE, 745 So. 2d 1085 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . If the decedent is not a minor child as defined in s. 768.18(2), there are no lost support and services . . .

PIAMBA CORTES, v. AMERICAN AIRLINES, INC. a, 177 F.3d 1272 (11th Cir. 1999)

. . . . §§ 768.18 & 768.21 (West 1997). . . .

INC. f k a v. H. REDD,, 703 So. 2d 492 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1997)

. . . . § 768.18(1), Fla. Stat. (1995). . . . . Section 768.18(3), Florida Statutes (1995), defines "support” as “contributions in kind as well as money . . . Section 768.18(4), Florida Statutes (1995), defines "services,” in part, as "tasks, usually of a household . . .

FRAZIER, v. METROPOLITAN DADE COUNTY,, 701 So. 2d 418 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1997)

. . . .” § 768.18(1), Fla.Stat. (1995). . . . .

SNOOZY, v. UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPANY,, 695 So. 2d 767 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1997)

. . . See § 768.18(2), Florida Statutes (1995). . . .

TOBIAS, v. OSORIO, d b a s, 681 So. 2d 905 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . .” § 768.18(5), Fla. Stat. (1995). . . .

THOMPSON, v. STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE COMPANY, 670 So. 2d 1070 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . judgment on the grounds that Gwendolyn Thompson was not a “survivor” within the meaning of section 768.18 . . . depew-dent on the decedent for support or services, any blood relatives and adoptive brothers and sisters. § 768.18 . . .

KIDRON, INC. v. CARMONA,, 665 So. 2d 289 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . as Kidron correctly argues, net accumulations should reflect only those items as defined in section 768.18 . . . expenses are deducted from net business or salary income, for purposes of calculating net accumulations. § 768.18 . . .

MOGLER, v. FRANZEN, M. D. M. D. P. A., 669 So. 2d 269 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . Franzen and his P.A. argued these damages were precluded under section 768.18, Florida Statutes (1993 . . .

STANDARD JURY INSTRUCTIONS- CIVIL CASES- NOS. AND, 658 So. 2d 97 (Fla. 1995)

. . . For use in conjunction with MI 9.2, when there is an issue as to applicability of § 768.18(2)(b), but . . .

YOUNG, v. ST. VINCENT S MEDICAL CENTER, INC. d b a St. s d b a, 653 So. 2d 499 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . F.S. 768.18. . F.S. 768.21. . Whitefield v. Kainer, 369 So.2d 684 (Fla. 4th DCA 1979). . Grant v. . . .

CINGHINA, v. RACIK a D. C., 647 So. 2d 289 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . Section 768.18, Florida Statutes (1987), defines “survivors:” (1) “Survivors” means the decedent’s spouse . . . Neither Kelli, 27, nor Cheryl, 29, are “minor children” for the purposes of section 768.18. . . . Section 768.18(1) does not provide a safe harbor for persons fortunate enough to have a relative whose . . . See § 768.18(1), Fla.Stat. (Supp.1990). . . .

S. RICE, v. P. BROWN, A. A. P. A. A., 645 So. 2d 1020 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . . § 768.18(2), Fla.Stat. (1983) (period of minority ends at age 25 when measuring loss of services). . . .

WEIMER H. F. v. WOLF, 641 So. 2d 480 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . (codified at § 768.18(2), Fla.Stat. (Supp.1972)). . . . . § 768.18(1), Fla.Stat. (Supp. 1972). . . . included a spouse or lineal descendant or when the decedent was not a minor child as defined in section 768.18 . . .

LANE, E. v. CALHOUN- LIBERTY COUNTY HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION INC. L. M. D. A. M. D., 846 F. Supp. 1543 (N.D. Fla. 1994)

. . . Id. at § 768.18(2). . . .

E. KING, E. A. v. FONT CORPORATION, a, 612 So. 2d 662 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . First, it seems clear that the definition of “survivors” in section 768.18, Florida Statutes (Supp.1990 . . .

FUNCHESS, a a v. GULF STREAM APARTMENTS OF BROWARD COUNTY, INC. V. R. A., 611 So. 2d 43 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1992)

. . . The wrongful death statute, section 768.18, Florida Statutes (1989), does not define the term “personal . . .

ROGERS, v. TRUITT, 596 So. 2d 1081 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1992)

. . . The issue in this case is whether section 768.18(1), Florida Statutes (1987) precludes Michael’s illegitimate . . .

NAKAJIMA, v. UNITED STATES, 759 F. Supp. 1573 (S.D. Fla. 1991)

. . . Florida Statute Section 768.18(5). DD. . . . of net accumulations of the estate of KEIJI NAKAJIMA, calculated pursuant to Florida Statute Section 768.18 . . .

B. HIATT C. v. UNITED STATES P. P. TSIOTIS, v. UNITED STATES, 910 F.2d 737 (11th Cir. 1990)

. . . . § 768.18(2) (1986). We consider this more specific statute to be applicable in this case. . . . decedent’s personal expenses and support of survivors, excluding contributions in kind. ■ Fla.Stat. § 768.18 . . . The interpretation flows from the statutory term “net accumulations” as plainly defined in section 768.18 . . .

M. LINDSAY M. v. ALLSTATE INSURANCE COMPANY,, 561 So. 2d 427 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . The interpretation flows from the statutory term “net accumulations” as plainly defined in section 768.18 . . .

PUBLIC HEALTH TRUST, v. R. NEWRY,, 556 So. 2d 1142 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1989)

. . . See § 768.18(1), Fla.Stat. (1987). Compare Whitefield v. Kainer, 369 So.2d 684 (Fla. 4th DCA 1979). . . .

S. TAYLOR, v. ORLANDO CLINIC,, 555 So. 2d 876 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1989)

. . . filed a motion for leave to amend the complaint to substitute a wrongful death action under section 768.18 . . .

DELTA AIR LINES, INC. v. AGELOFF,, 552 So. 2d 1089 (Fla. 1989)

. . . . § 768.18(5). . . . continuing beyond death” and was, therefore, a proper element of net accumulations, as defined in § 768.18 . . . Does the definition of Net Accumulations under Fla.Stat. § 768.18(5) of the Florida Wrongful Death Act . . . Section 768.18(5) provides: (5) “Net accumulations” means the part of the decedent’s expected net business . . .

J. WILCOX, v. LEVEROCK,, 548 So. 2d 1116 (Fla. 1989)

. . . Net accumulations are defined in section 768.18(5) as follows: (5) “Net accumulations” means the part . . .

AGELOFF M. v. DELTA AIRLINES, INC., 867 F.2d 1268 (11th Cir. 1989)

. . . . § 768.18(5). . . . continuing beyond death” and was, therefore, a proper element of net accumulations, as defined in § 768.18 . . . Does the definition of Net Accumulations under Fla.Stat. § 768.18(5) of the Florida Wrongful Death Act . . .

AGELOFF M. v. DELTA AIRLINES INC., 860 F.2d 379 (11th Cir. 1988)

. . . . § 768.18(5), (ii) allowing an improperly speculative, multiple recovery by admitting evidence concerning . . . At trial, Delta made a second Motion in Limine, to exclude — on the basis of § 768.18(5) (n. 2, supra . . . The error, in Delta’s view, is that such a course contravenes the language of Fla.Stat. § 768.18(5), . . . Delta further contends (ii) that even if the course followed below did not contravene § 768.18(5), then . . . In the second branch of its § 768.18(5) attack, Delta urges that the lump sum recovery of the present . . .

In STANDARD JURY INSTRUCTIONS CIVIL CASES, 522 So. 2d 364 (Fla. 1988)

. . . When it is shown that decedent had no survivors as defined in § 768.18(1), Fla. . . . required if there is a factual question of whether a person is a “survivor” within the meaning of § 768.18 . . . required if there is a factual question of whether a person is a “survivor” within the meaning of S 768.18 . . . See § 768.18(5), Fla.Stat. (1985). c. . . . The period of minority for purposes of the wrongful death act is age 25. § 768.18(2), Fla.Stat. . . .

UNITED STATES FIDELITY AND GUARANTY COMPANY, v. FITZGERALD,, 521 So. 2d 122 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987)

. . . “Minor children” as defined in section 768.18(2), Florida Statutes (1983), means children under age twenty-five . . .

In DFDS SEAWAYS BAHAMAS LTD. M V, 684 F. Supp. 1160 (S.D.N.Y. 1987)

. . . . § 768.18(1) (1986)). . . . .” (§ 768.18(3)). . . . of the decedent and survivor, and shall be determined under the particular facts of each case.” (§ 768.18 . . .

WEBSTER, v. VALIANT INSURANCE COMPANY,, 512 So. 2d 971 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987)

. . . here is one for wrongful death, and the insured in this case is a “survivor” as defined in sections 768.18 . . .

DAVIS, v. MARSH, Jr., 807 F.2d 908 (11th Cir. 1987)

. . . Roosevelt Dix, Sr. was not entitled to damages as a “surviving spouse" as defined in Florida Statute §§ 768.18 . . .

C. VILDIBILL, v. JOHNSON, AAA Co., 802 F.2d 1347 (11th Cir. 1986)

. . . (2) and does not have survivors as defined in s. 768.18(1).’ . . . in the class of people defined as ‘survivors’ under section 768.18(1). . . . (2) and does not have survivors as defined in s. 768.18(1). . . . Every class of persons defined as ‘survivors' in section 768.18(1) is afforded a remedy for wrongful . . . Thus, non-dependent parents of an adult child are not survivors under section 768.18, as referred to . . .

B. OWENS, v. V. JACKSON, M. D., 493 So. 2d 507 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . daughters, contending that, as a matter of law, they were not “survivors” within the meaning of Section 768.18 . . . Section 768.18(1), Florida Statutes (1975), which allowed survivors to bring a wrongful death action, . . . Section 768.18(2), Florida Statutes (1975). In 1976, the Florida Supreme Court, in Handley v. . . . The following year (1977) the legislature amended Section'768.18(1) of the Wrongful Death Act to define . . . Section 768.18(2), Florida Statutes (1977). . . .

C. VILDIBILL, v. JOHNSON,, 492 So. 2d 1047 (Fla. 1986)

. . . mental pain and suffering, but the victim in this case was not a minor child as defined in section 768.18 . . . (2) and does not have survivors as defined in s. 768.18(1).” . . . in the class of people defined as “survivors” under section 768.18(1). . . . (2) and does not have survivors as defined in s. 768.18(1). . . . Every class of persons defined as “survivors” in section 768.18(1) is afforded a remedy for wrongful . . .

M. TAPPAN, E. v. FLORIDA MEDICAL CENTER, INC., 488 So. 2d 630 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . Appellant sought damages consistent with the Florida Wrongful Death Act, Sections 768.18-768.27, Florida . . .

J. KROUSE, B. a v. KROUSE, 489 So. 2d 106 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . Survivors, as defined in Section 768.18(1), including parents, are entitled to recover "the value of . . . If the decedent is not a minor child as defined in s. 768.18(2) and does not have survivors as defined . . . in s. 768.18(1). . . .

AIR FLORIDA, INC. v. C. HOBBS, C. Jr., 477 So. 2d 40 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . Sec. 768.18(5), Fla.Stat. (1981), defines net accumulations: "Net accumulations” means the part of the . . .

McK. FOSTER, O. E. v. UNITED STATES, 768 F.2d 1278 (11th Cir. 1985)

. . . . § 768.18. A bench trial was conducted on the issue of dependency. . . . Death Act, Fla.Stat.Ann. § 768.16-27 (West Supp. 1984), Beth Ann must be a survivor, as defined in § 768.18 . . . Stat.Ann. § 768.18(1) (West.Supp.1984). . . . determined the dependency issue adversely to the plaintiff the liability issue was never determined. . § 768.18 . . . Beth Ann was 23 when her parents died. 1981 Fla.Laws c. 81-183, §§ 1, 3; Fla.Stat.Ann. § 768.18(2). . . .

C. VILDIBILL, v. JOHNSON, AAA Co., 766 F.2d 463 (11th Cir. 1985)

. . . surviving spouse or lineal descendants; or (2) If the decedent is not a minor child as defined in s. 768.18 . . . (2) and does not have survivors as defined in s. 768.18(1). . . .

M. ANDERSON, v. K. ANDERSON,, 468 So. 2d 528 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . Appellant asserts that she, as the decedent’s mother, is a “survivor” under section 768.18(1) and is, . . .

ZIMMERMAN, v. CRUZ GARCIA,, 449 So. 2d 996 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1984)

. . . .-27 are remedial and shall be liberally construed. 768.18 Definitions. — As used in ss. 768.16-768.27 . . . Subsection (2) of section 768.18, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: 768.18Definitions. — As used . . . It may be noted that in 1981 the legislature again amended section 768.18(2) to read as follows: “Minor . . . Ch. 81-183, § 1, Laws of Fla.; § 768.18(2), Fla.Stat. (1981). . . . As it existed after the 1977 amendments the wrongful death act read as follows: 768.18 Definitions. — . . . constitutionality of the process by which the legislature adopted its second 1977 amendment to section 768.18 . . .

PROPRIETORS INSURANCE COMPANY, O. R. V. v. VALSECCHI, J. S. J., 435 So. 2d 290 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1983)

. . . had sub silentio similarly amended the definition of a “minor child” in the Wrongful Death Act, Sec. 768.18 . . .

HEATH, v. CITY OF HIALEAH, a, 560 F. Supp. 840 (S.D. Fla. 1983)

. . . surviving spouse or lineal descendants; or 2) If the decedent is not a minor child as defined in s. 768.18 . . .

A. TUBBS, A. v. F. DRESSLER, F. a, 419 So. 2d 1151 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1982)

. . . of the crash, all four children were under 21 years of age, and thus “minor children” under section 768.18 . . .

V. GRIESEMER, v. PRATHERS, INC., 413 So. 2d 68 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1982)

. . . Section 768.18 defines net accumulations as: Loss of earnings of the deceased from the date of injury . . .

McPHAIL, v. G. JENKINS, D. D. S., 382 So. 2d 1329 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1980)

. . . dependent unmarried children from twenty-one to eighteen years under the Wrongful Death Act, Section 768.18 . . . Section 768.18(2), Florida Statutes (1972). . . . misread the legislative intent; and in support of this view they point to the 1977 amendment to Section 768.18 . . . provisions of the wrongful death statute are remedial, it follows that the 1977 amendment to Section 768.18 . . . We are not permitted to give the 1977 amendment to Section 768.18(2) retroactive application in the absence . . .

BELL, B. v. E. HARRIS, J. Jr., 381 So. 2d 1167 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1980)

. . . and as personal representative of said estate, and on behalf of all survivors as defined in Section 768.18 . . .

C. SINGLETARY C. v. NATIONAL RAILROAD PASSENGER CORPORATION, a a C. Jr., 376 So. 2d 1191 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1979)

. . . Section 768.18(1) defines survivors to include a decedent’s parents, and Section 768.21(1) lists the . . .

B. WHITEFIELD, v. L. KAINER,, 369 So. 2d 684 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1979)

. . . The child claims to be a “survivor” under Section 768.18(1), Florida Statutes (1977) which reads: (1) . . .

E. B. v. J. M. C., 48 Fla. Supp. 82 (Polk Cty. Cir. Ct. 1978)

. . . Section 768.18(1), Fla. Stat. (1977). . In re Estate of Burris, 361 So.2d 152 (Fla. 1978). . . . .

McAFEE, v. R. KIRKLAND, Jr. a, 362 So. 2d 695 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1978)

. . . wrongful death of their 19 year old dependent daughter as permitted by the provisions of Florida Statute 768.18 . . . was filed in October of 1977; or whether such claim is precluded by the provisions of Florida Statute 768.18 . . . -468, Laws of Florida, which provides that Section 40 of that Act, amending Subsection 2 of Section 768.18 . . .

BELL, B. v. E. HARRIS, J. Jr., 366 So. 2d 765 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1978)

. . . of a claim against this Estate for the “Wrongful Death” of movant’s decedent under Florida Statute 768.18 . . .

J. CAPIELLO, a a v. E. GOODNIGHT,, 357 So. 2d 225 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1978)

. . . portions of the Wrongful Death Act pertinent to the determination of this case are set forth below: 768.18 . . . 768.21(6)(a) the lineal descendants named in the complaint were not “survivors” as defined by Section 768.18 . . . adult children of a decedent who are not dependent upon the decedent are not “survivors” under Section 768.18 . . . Section 768.18 specifies that the definitions contained therein shall be applicable throughout the Wrongful . . . By reference to Section 768.18(1) this would include only the surviving spouse and minor children and . . .