Florida Statute 934.02 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research

The 2024 Florida Statutes

Title XLVII
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE AND CORRECTIONS

Chapter 934
SECURITY OF COMMUNICATIONS; SURVEILLANCE

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F.S. 934.02

934.02 Definitions.—As used in this chapter:

(1) “Wire communication” means any aural transfer made in whole or in part through the use of facilities for the transmission of communications by the aid of wire, cable, or other like connection between the point of origin and the point of reception including the use of such connection in a switching station furnished or operated by any person engaged in providing or operating such facilities for the transmission of intrastate, interstate, or foreign communications or communications affecting intrastate, interstate, or foreign commerce.

(2) “Oral communication” means any oral communication uttered by a person exhibiting an expectation that such communication is not subject to interception under circumstances justifying such expectation and does not mean any public oral communication uttered at a public meeting or any electronic communication.

(3) “Intercept” means the aural or other acquisition of the contents of any wire, electronic, or oral communication through the use of any electronic, mechanical, or other device.

(4) “Electronic, mechanical, or other device” means any device or apparatus which can be used to intercept a wire, electronic, or oral communication other than:

(a) Any telephone or telegraph instrument, equipment, or facility, or any component thereof:

1. Furnished to the subscriber or user by a provider of wire or electronic communication service in the ordinary course of its business and being used by the subscriber or user in the ordinary course of its business or furnished by such subscriber or user for connection to the facilities of such service and used in the ordinary course of its business; or

2. Being used by a provider of wire or electronic communications service in the ordinary course of its business or by an investigative or law enforcement officer in the ordinary course of her or his duties.

(b) A hearing aid or similar device being used to correct subnormal hearing to not better than normal.

(5) “Person” means any employee or agent of the State of Florida or political subdivision thereof, of the United States, or of any other state or political subdivision thereof, and any individual, partnership, association, joint stock company, trust, or corporation.

(6) “Investigative or law enforcement officer” means any officer of the State of Florida or political subdivision thereof, of the United States, or of any other state or political subdivision thereof, who is empowered by law to conduct on behalf of the Government investigations of, or to make arrests for, offenses enumerated in this chapter or similar federal offenses, any attorney authorized by law to prosecute or participate in the prosecution of such offenses, or any other attorney representing the State of Florida or political subdivision thereof in any civil, regulatory, disciplinary, or forfeiture action relating to, based upon, or derived from such offenses.

(7) “Contents,” when used with respect to any wire, oral, or electronic communication, includes any information concerning the substance, purport, or meaning of that communication.

(8) “Judge of competent jurisdiction” means justice of the Supreme Court, judge of a district court of appeal, circuit judge, or judge of any court of record having felony jurisdiction of the State of Florida, irrespective of the geographic location or jurisdiction where the judge presides.

(9) “Aggrieved person” means a person who was a party to any intercepted wire, oral, or electronic communication or a person against whom the interception was directed.

(10) “Law enforcement agency” means an agency of the State of Florida or a political subdivision thereof or of the United States if the primary responsibility of the agency is the prevention and detection of crime or the enforcement of the penal, traffic, or highway laws of this state and if its agents and officers are empowered by law to conduct criminal investigations and to make arrests.

(11) “Communication common carrier” shall have the same meaning which is given the term “common carrier” in 47 U.S.C. s. 153(10).

(12) “Electronic communication” means any transfer of signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, data, or intelligence of any nature transmitted in whole or in part by a wire, radio, electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photooptical system that affects intrastate, interstate, or foreign commerce, but does not include:

(a) Any wire or oral communication;

(b) Any communication made through a tone-only paging device;

(c) Any communication from an electronic or mechanical device which permits the tracking of the movement of a person or an object; or

(d) Electronic funds transfer information stored by a financial institution in a communications system used for the electronic storage and transfer of funds.

(13) “User” means any person or entity who:

(a) Uses an electronic communication service, and

(b) Is duly authorized by the provider of such service to engage in such use.

(14) “Electronic communications system” means any wire, radio, electromagnetic, photooptical, or photoelectronic facilities for the transmission of wire or electronic communications, and any computer facilities or related electronic equipment for the electronic storage of such communications.

(15) “Electronic communication service” means any service which provides to users thereof the ability to send or receive wire or electronic communications.

(16) “Readily accessible to the general public” means, with respect to a radio communication, that such communication is not:

(a) Scrambled or encrypted;

(b) Transmitted using modulation techniques whose essential parameters have been withheld from the public with the intention of preserving the privacy of such communication;

(d) Transmitted over a communications system provided by a common carrier, unless the communication is a tone-only paging system communication; or

(e) Transmitted on frequencies allocated under part 25; subpart D, subpart E, or subpart F of part 74; or part 94 of the Rules of the Federal Communications Commission, unless, in the case of a communication transmitted on a frequency allocated under part 74 that is not exclusively allocated to broadcast auxiliary services, the communication is a two-way voice communication by radio.

(17) “Electronic storage” means:

(a) Any temporary intermediate storage of a wire or electronic communication incidental to the electronic transmission thereof.

(b) Any storage of a wire or electronic communication by an electronic communication service for purposes of backup protection of such communication.

(18) “Aural transfer” means a transfer containing the human voice at any point between and including the point of origin and the point of reception.

(19) “Remote computing service” means the provision to the public of computer storage or processing services by means of an electronic communications system.

(20) “Pen register” means a device or process that records or decodes dialing, routing, addressing, or signaling information transmitted by an instrument or facility from which a wire or electronic communication is transmitted, but such information does not include the contents of any communication. The term does not include any device or process used by a provider or customer of a wire or electronic communication service for billing or recording as an incident to billing or for communication services provided by such provider, and does not include any device or process used by a provider or customer of a wire communication service for cost accounting or other like purposes in the ordinary course of its business.

(21) “Trap and trace device” means a device or process that captures the incoming electronic or other impulses that identify the originating number or other dialing, routing, addressing, or signaling information reasonably likely to identify the source of a wire or electronic communication, but such information does not include the contents of any communication.

(22) “State” means any state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or any other possession or territory of the United States.

(23) “Subpoena” means any administrative subpoena authorized by federal or Florida law, federal or Florida grand jury subpoena, or any criminal investigative subpoena as authorized by Florida statute which may be utilized on behalf of the government by an investigative or law enforcement officer.

(24) “Foreign intelligence information” means information, whether or not concerning a United States person, as that term is defined in 50 U.S.C. s. 1801, which relates to:

(a) The ability of the United States to protect against actual or potential attack or other grave hostile acts of a foreign power or an agent of a foreign power;

(b) Sabotage or international terrorism by a foreign power or an agent of a foreign power;

(c) Clandestine intelligence activities by an intelligence service, a network of a foreign power, or an agent of a foreign power; or

(d) With respect to a foreign power or foreign territory, the national defense or security of the United States or the conduct of the foreign affairs of the United States.

(25) “Protected computer” means:

(a) A computer for the exclusive use of a financial institution or governmental entity;

(b) A computer that is not for the exclusive use of a financial institution or governmental entity, but that is used by or for a financial institution or governmental entity and with respect to which unlawful conduct can affect the use by or for the financial institution or governmental entity; or

(c) A computer that is used in interstate or foreign commerce or communication, including a computer located outside the United States.

(26) “Computer trespasser” means a person who accesses a protected computer without authorization and thus does not have a reasonable expectation of privacy with respect to any communication transmitted to, through, or from the protected computer. The term does not include a person known by the owner or operator of the protected computer to have an existing contractual relationship with the owner or operator of the protected computer for access to all or part of the protected computer.

History.—s. 2, ch. 69-17; s. 1, ch. 72-294; s. 1, ch. 74-249; s. 1, ch. 80-27; s. 1, ch. 88-184; s. 1, ch. 89-269; s. 1581, ch. 97-102; s. 8, ch. 2000-369; s. 1, ch. 2002-72; s. 125, ch. 2010-5.

F.S. 934.02 on Google Scholar

F.S. 934.02 on Casetext

Amendments to 934.02

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 934.02

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

Current data shows no reason an arrest or criminal charge should have occurred directly under Florida Statute 934.02.

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases Citing Statute 934.02

Total Results: 20

William J. Mitchell v. David W. Race

Court: Fla. | Date Filed: 2024-11-07T00:00:00-08:00

Snippet: remedies for violations of its proscriptions. See §§ 934.02(1), .02(3), .03(1), .10(1), Fla. Stat. (2019).

South Broward Hospital District D/B/A Memorial Healthcare System v. Joseph Kaplan and Donald Solomon

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2024-09-11T00:00:00-07:00

Snippet: timely filed motion for rehearing. 1 Section 934.02(5), Florida Statutes (2022), states that “‘[p]erson

Michael L. Waite v. State of Florida

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2024-08-16T00:00:00-07:00

Snippet: definition of “oral communication” as defined by section 934.02(2), Florida Statutes, because the deputies did …meeting or any electronic communication.” Id. § 934.02(2), Fla. Stat. (emphasis added). “[F]…communication” in section 934.03(1)(a) and section 934.02(2)).4 B. Battery and Resisting with

Maddie Joy Langlois v. State of Florida

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2024-07-12T00:00:00-07:00

Snippet: point of origin and the point of reception.” Id. § 934.02(18). 3 …electronic storage and transfer of funds. Id. § 934.02(1)–(2), (12). These statutory definitions…have a reasonable expectation of privacy. See § 934.02(1), Fla. Stat. This is true even though a person…would be subject to such a requirement. See id. § 934.02(2); see also Baker v. State, 636 So. 2d 1342, 1343…). Based on the plain language of section 934.02, situations may arise where the communication falls

MICHAEL L. WAITE v. STATE OF FLORIDA

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2024-04-12T00:00:00-07:00

Snippet: definition of “oral communication” as defined by section 934.02(2), Florida Statutes, because the deputies did …meeting or any electronic communication.” Id. § 934.02(2) (emphasis added). “[F]or an oral conversation…the definition of “oral communication” in section 934.02(2), Florida Statutes (2020), such that the wiretapping

SCOTT ALEXANDER JOHNSTONE v. STATE OF FLORIDA

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2022-09-30T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: under certain circumstances as defined in section 934.02(2), Florida Statutes (2017), but the defendant

JOSE ESTACHE v. THE STATE OF FLORIDA

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2022-07-13T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: not include the contents of any communication.” § 934.02(20), Fla. Stat. (2021). A trap and trace “captures…not include the contents of any communication.” § 934.02(21), Fla. Stat. (2021). 3 Before Estache was

RYAN D. GESTEN and ANDREA GESTEN v. AMERICAN STRATEGIC INSURANCE CORP.

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2022-06-01T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: electronic communication.” § 934.02(2), Fla. Stat. (1991) (emphasis added). Thus, for…any electronic, mechanical, or other device.” § 934.02(3), Fla. Stat. (2019). These statutes prohibit…intrusion.” Id. at 1242. The application of section 934.02 was never raised in that case. As the basis… 6 Section 934.02 provides that an oral communication must be “uttered…public meeting or any electronic communication.” § 934.02(2), Fla. Stat. (2019). Section 934.03(2) contains

RYAN D. GESTEN and ANDREA GESTEN v. AMERICAN STRATEGIC INSURANCE CORP.

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2022-06-01T00:53:00-07:00

SHARRON TASHA FORD v. CITY OF BOYNTON BEACH

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2021-08-04T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: communications as defined in section 934.02(2), Florida Statutes (2009). Section 934.02(2) defines oral communications….03(1)(a), Florida Statutes (2009), and section 934.02(2), Florida Statutes (2009), there was no probable…any electronic, mechanical, or other device.” § 934.02(3), Fla. Stat. (2009). “Oral communication” is …public meeting or any electronic communication.” § 934.02(2), Fla. Stat. (2009) (emphasis added). “[…subjective expectation of privacy set forth in section 934.02(2), defining “oral communication,” is substantially

STATE OF FLORIDA v. KIMBERLY D. FOSTER

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2021-07-21T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: were oral communications, as defined in section 934.02, Florida Statutes (2019), obtained in violation…definition of “oral communications” provided in section 934.02 and thus Defendant had no reasonable expectation…private oral communications in Florida. Section 934.02(2), Florida Statutes (2019), defines an “oral communication…demonstrated.’” Id. at 1319. The court held that section 934.02, which prohibits the recording of oral communications…not an “oral communication” as defined by section 934.02, Florida Statutes. See Dep’t of Agric. & Consumer

SHARRON TASHA FORD v. CITY OF BOYNTON BEACH

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2021-05-05T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: electronic, mechanical, or other device.” Section 934.02(3), Fla. Stat. (2009). “Oral communication” is …public meeting or any electronic communication.” § 934.02(2), Fla. Stat. (2009) (emphasis added). The statute…subjective expectation of privacy set forth in section 934.02(2), defining “oral communication,” is substantially

Corey Smiley v. State of Florida

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2019-08-16T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: (Fla. 1985) (emphasis in original); see also § 934.02(2), Fla. Stat. (2018) (defining “oral communication

In RE: AMENDMENTS TO the RULES REGULATING THE FLORIDA BAR-BIENNIAL PETITION.

Court: Fla. | Date Filed: 2019-01-04T00:00:00-08:00

Citation: 267 So. 3d 891

Snippet: of any recovery up to $1 million; plus *934 2. 30% of any portion of the recovery between $1

In Re: Standard Jury Instructions in Criminal Cases-Report 2018-11.

Court: Fla. | Date Filed: 2018-12-20T00:00:00-08:00

Citation: 260 So. 3d 1024

Snippet: perhaps by looking at Fla. Stat. § 934.02(12) , Fla. Stat. and Fla. Stat

Smith v. State

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2018-12-14T00:00:00-08:00

Citation: 261 So. 3d 714

Snippet: circumstances justifying such expectation." Id. § 934.02(2). When a protected oral communication has been

Smith v. State

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2018-12-14T00:00:00-08:00

Citation: 261 So. 3d 714

Snippet: circumstances justifying such expectation." Id. § 934.02(2). When a protected oral communication has been

State v. Caraballo

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2016-03-09T00:00:00-08:00

Citation: 198 So. 3d 819, 2016 Fla. App. LEXIS 3523, 2016 WL 886538

Snippet: would be in violation of this chapter.” Section 934.02(2) defines oral communication as “any oral communication…and not subject to interception. See § 934.02(2). Accordingly, we reverse the order granting

Belle v. State

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2015-09-30T00:00:00-07:00

Citation: 177 So. 3d 285, 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 14453, 2015 WL 5709461

Snippet: circumstances justifying such expectation.... ” § 934.02(2). Except “in cases of prosecution for criminal…justifying” an expectation of privacy. See § 934.02(2). It may be that Mr. Belle’s intoxication

In Re STANDARD JURY INSTRUCTIONS IN CRIMINAL CASES—REPORT NO. 2014-07

Court: Fla. | Date Filed: 2015-04-30T00:00:00-07:00

Citation: 163 So. 3d 478, 40 Fla. L. Weekly Supp. 221, 2015 Fla. LEXIS 927, 2015 WL 1932145

Snippet: Trial judges may consult § 790.01, Fla. Stat., § 934.02, Fla. Stat., and § 943.10, Fla. Stat. in deciding