Adams v. State, 381 S.E.2d 69 (Ga. Ct. App. 1989). · Go Syfert
Adams v. State, 381 S.E.2d 69 (Ga. Ct. App. 1989). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
75 citation events (4 in the last 25 years) across 2 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Battle v. State (gactapp, 2000-06-30)
Treatment trajectory · 1990 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1990 2008 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 17 distinct citers.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Battle v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2000 · confidence medium
Auth., 228 Ga. App. 554, 561 (2) ( 492 SE2d 317 ) (1997). 4 Id., citing Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 17 (2) ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989). 5 See Tolbert v. State, 239 Ga. App. 703, 704 (1) ( 521 SE2d 827 ) (1999). 6 Id. 7 Compare Walton v. State, 272 Ga. 73, 74 (3) ( 526 SE2d 333 ) (2000) (holding that the State showed due diligence in unsuccessful efforts to locate out-of-state witness). 8 211 Ga. App. 402 (1) ( 439 SE2d 72 ) (1993), rev’d on other grounds, Livingston v. State, 268 Ga. 205, 209 (1) ( 486 SE2d 845 ) (1997).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Baker v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1999 · confidence medium
See also Holmes v. State, supra; Wilbourne v. State, 214 Ga. App. 371, 373 (2) ( 448 SE2d 37 ) (1994); Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 17 (2) ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Holmes v. State (2×)
Ga. · 1999 · confidence medium
Ohio v. Roberts, 448 U. S. 56, 74 (IV) (A) (100 SC 2531, 65 LE2d 597) (1980); Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 17 (2) ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989); 2 McCormick on Evidence § 253, p. 134 (4th ed. 1992).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Sorrow v. State (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Ga. Ct. App. · 1998 · confidence medium
Only hearsay marked with such trustworthiness that there is no material departure from the reason of the general rule may be admitted.” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 17 (2) ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Ingram v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1998 · confidence medium
Apparently the allowance is based on a characterization of what the officer observes as an oral act and not merely a verbal statement. 3 E.g., White, supra at 30 . 4 E.g., White, supra; McKissick v. State, 263 Ga. 188, 189 (3) ( 429 SE2d 655 ) (1993). 5 E.g., White, supra; Mallory v. State, 261 Ga. 625, 627 (2) ( 409 SE2d 839 ) (1991). 6 E.g., White, supra; Nelson v. State, 262 Ga. 763, 765 (3) ( 426 SE2d 357 ) (1993). 7 White, supra. 8 E.g., White, supra; Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 17 (2) ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Lane v. Tift County Hospital Authority (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1997 · confidence medium
Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 17 (2) ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) McBee v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1997 · confidence medium
“OCGA § 24-3-1 (b) . . . provides that ‘hearsay evidence is admissible in specified cases from necessity.’ There are two prerequisites for admission of hearsay because of necessity: T) necessity; [and] 2) particularized guarantees of trustworthiness.’ Idaho v. Wright, [497] U. S. [805] (110 SC 3139, 111 LE2d 638) (1990); Higgs v. State, 256 Ga. 606 ( 351 SE2d 448 ) (1987).” Mallory v. State, 261 Ga. 625, 627 (2) ( 409 SE2d 839 ) (1991); see also Wallace v. State, 216 Ga. App. 718, 719 ( 455 SE2d 615 ) (1995); Moore v. State, 207 Ga. App. at 417 . “[T]he prosecution must either pro…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Nelson v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1997 · confidence medium
See, e.g., Hayes v. State, 265 Ga. 1, 2-3 (3) ( 453 SE2d 11 ) (witness dead); Higgs v. State, 256 Ga. 606, 608 (4) ( 351 SE2d 448 ) (witness invoked privilege); Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 17 (2) ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (child witness could not be located because her family deliberately hid her).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Patterson v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1992 · confidence medium
(O)nly hearsay [that is] marked with such trustworthiness that ‘there is no material departure from the reason of the general rule (may be admitted).’ ” (Cit.)’ [Cits.]” Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 17 (2) ( 381 SE2d 69 ).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Little v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1991 · confidence medium
(Cits.) (Cit.) Cole v. State, 156 Ga. App. 288, 289-290 (1) ( 274 SE2d 685 ) (1980).” (Punctuation omitted.) Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 18 (3) ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Shaver v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1991 · confidence medium
B., supra. “Only hearsay marked with such trustworthiness that ‘there is no material departure from the reason of the general rule may be admitted.’ ” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 17 ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Day v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1990 · confidence medium
(Cits.) (Cit.) [Cit.]’ Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 18 ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989).” Cody v. State, 195 Ga. App. 318, 319 (1) ( 393 SE2d 692 ) (1990).
discussed Cited "see" Kendell Lawrence v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 18 (3) ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989) (corroboration necessary when accomplice’s statement to police was admitted at trial out of necessity); Davis v. State, 178 Ga. App. 760, 762 (2) ( 344 SE2d 730 ) (1986) (issue was whether accomplice’s prior inconsistent statement implicating defendant was sufficiently corroborated); McCauley v. State, 177 Ga. App. 426 ( 339 SE2d 399 ) (1986) (co-conspirator’s prior inconsistent statement was the only evidence linking defendant to the crime and thus reversal required when no corroborating evidence); McDonnell v. State, 16…
discussed Cited "see" Lawrence v. the State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 18 (3) ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989) (corroboration necessary when accomplice’s statement to police was admitted at trial out of necessity); Davis v. State, 178 Ga. App. 760, 762 (2) ( 344 SE2d 730 ) (1986) (issue was whether accomplice’s prior inconsistent statement implicating defendant was sufficiently corroborated); McCauley v. State, 177 Ga. App. 426 (1) ( 339 SE2d 399 ) (1986) (co-conspirator’s prior inconsistent statement was the only evidence linking defendant to the crime and thus reversal required when no corroborating evidence); McConnell v. State…
examined Cited "see" Jones v. State (3×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
McMurray, P. J, and Andrews, P. J., concur. 1 Nelson v. State, 222 Ga. App. 443, 444 (2) ( 474 SE2d 304 ) (1996). 2 237 Ga. App. 504, 506 (2) (a) ( 515 SE2d 652 ) (1999). 3 OCGA § 24-3-1 (b). 4 Higgs v. State, 256 Ga. 606, 607 (3) ( 351 SE2d 448 ) (1987). 5 Holmes v. State, 271 Ga. 138, 139 (2) ( 516 SE2d 61 ) (1999); see Ohio v. Roberts, 448 U. S. 56, 74 (IV) (A) (100 SC 2531, 65 LE2d 597) (1980). 6 Chapel v. State, 270 Ga. 151, 155 (4) ( 510 SE2d 802 ) (1998). 7 OCGA § 24-3-1 (b). 8 Sorrow v. State, 234 Ga. App. 357, 358 (1) (b) ( 505 SE2d 842 ) (1998). 9 Chapel, supra, 270 Ga. at 155 . 10…
discussed Cited "see" Perry v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1991 · signal: accord · confidence high
Accord Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16 (4), 19 ( 381 SE2d 69 ) (1989) .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Jackson v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1992 · signal: see also · confidence medium
See also Swain v. C & S Bank of Albany, 258 Ga. 547 ( 372 SE2d 423 ) (1988).” Adams v. State, 191 Ga. App. 16, 17 ( 381 SE2d 69 ).
Adams
v.
the State
77842.
Court of Appeals of Georgia.
Mar 8, 1989.
381 S.E.2d 69
James E. Toland, Jr., for appellant., Jack O. Partain III, District Attorney, Todd L. Ray, Assistant District Attorney, for appellee.
Sognier, Carley, Deen.
Cited by 31 opinions  |  Published
Sognier, Judge.

James Paul Adams appeals from his conviction on four counts of obtaining controlled substances by forgery and one count of attempting the same offense.

Construing it to support the verdict, the evidence at trial showed that Sabrina Thibodeau, appellant’s twelve-year-old niece, was arrested at a pharmacy when the pharmacist became suspicious of the signature on a prescription Thibodeau had presented for Percocet, a controlled substance. Thibodeau gave a statement to the police implicating appellant and his wife, and on the basis of that statement appellant and his wife were arrested and indicted. Appellant’s wife pled guilty to the charges against her and is not involved in this appeal. Testimony was presented from pharmacists at the drug store where Thibodeau was arrested that four other forged prescriptions had been presented within a period of one month, all for either Percocet or Percodan, controlled drugs, and all bearing the forged signature of Dr. Jack A. Brown, a local emergency room physician. Dr. Brown testified that the signature on the prescriptions was not his, that he had examined appellant twice at the hospital where he was employed on or near the dates appearing on the forged prescriptions, and that on one of those occasions he had prescribed Percocet. After presentation of a majority of the State’s evidence, a continuance was granted because Sabrina Thibodeau could not be located. A lengthy investigation and interrogation of family members was conducted by the judge, who found that appellant’s family was hiding the child, and that as she was unavailable to testify, her statement could be admitted into evidence.

In her statement given to the authorities, Thibodeau alleged that her uncle (appellant) and his wife had brought her to the pharmacy, given her eleven dollars in cash, and instructed her to fill the prescription, and to say it was for “Mary Ann Young.” She stated she had “done this a bunch of times here [in Whitfield County] and in Gordon County.” She thought she had taken as many as thirty pre[*17] scriptions to a particular drug store in Gordon County. She further described how her aunt and uncle visited hospitals and doctors and stole prescription blanks and ran off without paying for the visit, and where they took the prescriptions to be filled.

1. The evidence of record is such that the jury was authorized to convict appellant of the crimes charged under the standard set forth in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U. S. 307 (99 SC 2781, 61 LE2d 560) (1979).

2. Appellant contends the trial court erred by admitting Thibodeau’s statement into evidence because it was hearsay and its admission violated appellant’s right to confront the witness. However, OCGA § 24-3-1 (b) provides that hearsay evidence is admitted in specified cases from necessity. In Higgs v. State, 256 Ga. 606 (351 SE2d 448) (1987), the Georgia Supreme Court, citing Ohio v. Roberts, 448 U. S. 56, 65 (100 SC 2531, 65 LE2d 597) (1980), held that the United States Supreme Court had “not interpreted ‘confrontation’ to signify the exclusion of every hearsay exception, and has provided [a] method to resolve confrontation challenges based on the admission of hearsay testimony: ‘. . . First, . . . the Sixth Amendment establishes a rule of necessity. In the usual case . . . the prosecution must either produce, or demonstrate the unavailability of, the declarant whose statement it wishes to use against the defendant. [Cits.] The second aspect operates once a witness is shown to be unavailable . . . . [0]nly hearsay marked with such trustworthiness that “there is no material departure from the reason of the general rule [may be admitted].” ’ [Cit.]” Higgs, supra at 608-609 (7). See also Swain v. C & S Bank of Albany, 258 Ga. 547 (372 SE2d 423) (1988). We find that Thibodeau’s statement meets these criteria as well.

The trial court made every effort to locate Thibodeau and obtain her attendance in court. The trial judge, after interrogating the child’s (and appellant’s) family, found that they were deliberately hiding.the child, shifting her from place to place and lying to deputies and others, to prevent her from testifying. The trial was continued to secure Thibodeau’s presence, and the child’s grandmother, with whom the child had been living, was ordered to produce her. When she was not produced, the court held the child’s grandmother in contempt, sentencing her to 10 days in jail. Not until all avenues were exhausted did the trial court allow the statement to be admitted into evidence. We find this effort satisfied the “necessity” requirement. Detective Leevan Kirk of the Whitfield County Sheriff’s Department took Thibodeau’s statement, and his testimony at trial established the voluntariness of Thibodeau’s statement pursuant to the criteria set forth in J. E. W. v. State, 256 Ga. 464, 467 (2) (349 SE2d 713) (1986). Circumstantial guarantee of its trustworthiness, see Chrysler Motors Corp. v. Davis, 226 Ga. 221, 224, 226 (1) (173 SE2d 691) (1970), is[*18] provided by the fact that Thibodeau gave her statement immediately sifter being apprehended, in the course of an official investigation; that Detective Kirk testified she never recanted or sought to change her statement; and that her statement recounts particulars later corroborated by other evidence. See generally Higgs, supra at 608 (5). Accordingly, the trial , court did not err by admitting the statement into evidence.

3. Appellant maintains the trial court erred by failing to grant his motion for a directed verdict of acquittal because no evidence was adduced to corroborate the statement of Thibodeau, who was an accomplice. We find no merit in this enumeration. “Acknowledging that corroboration of the testimony by a single accomplice is necessary, OCGA § 24-4-8, our courts have held that the corroborating evidence itself need not be sufficient to warrant conviction, but only tend to connect and identify defendant with [the] crime. [Cit.] ‘Slight evidence from an extraneous source identifying the accused as a participant in the criminal act is sufficient corroboration of the accomplice to support a verdict.’ [Cits.]” Inman v. State, 182 Ga. App. 209 (355 SE2d 119) (1987). “ ‘The sufficiency of the corroboration of the testimony of the accomplice to produce conviction of the defendant’s guilt is peculiarly a matter for the jury to determine. If the verdict is founded on slight evidence of corroboration connecting the defendant with the crime, it can not be said as a matter of law, that the verdict is contrary to the evidence. [Cits.]’ [Cit.]” Cole v. State, 156 Ga. App. 288, 289-290 (1) (274 SE2d 685) (1980).

In addition to the testimony of Dr. Brown, which showed both access to the prescription blanks and familiarity with both the doctor’s signature and the drug and dosage, evidence that appellant engaged in other, similar transactions was admitted. Barbara Adams Voyles, Thibodeau’s mother and the sister of appellant, testified that she was on probation for obtaining controlled substances with forged prescriptions, and that it was appellant who gave her the forged prescriptions and told her to have them filled. We find that this was sufficient corroboration to authorize the jury to convict the appellant of the crimes charged.

4. Appellant also enumerates as error the admission of Voyles’s testimony. Appellant first argues that it was error to admit her testimony on the basis that the transactions were not similar because in the crimes charged a child has passed the prescription, whereas in the transaction testified to by Voyles an adult had the prescription filled. While that is true, we find that other similarities outweigh that distinction. In both cases, a third person was used to pass the prescription, the prescription was forged, and the drug for which the prescriptions were written was the same. In addition, the prescriptions in both cases were made out to someone other than the individual pass[*19] ing the prescription and the person passing the prescription was a member of appellant’s family who said she received it from appellant. We find “sufficient similarity or connection between the independent crime and the offense charged, that proof of the former tends to prove the latter. [Cits.]” French v. State, 237 Ga. 620, 621 (229 SE2d 410) (1976).

Decided March 8, 1989 Rehearing denied March 23, 1989. James E. Toland, Jr., for appellant. Jack O. Partain III, District Attorney, Todd L. Ray, Assistant District Attorney, for appellee.

Appellant also argues that the State’s motion to admit evidence of similar transactions was not made until four days after the jury was empanelled, and thus was not in compliance with Uniform Superior Court Rule 31.1. “Although Rule 31.1 requires the notice to be filed at least 10 days before trial, it also provides the time may be either shortened or lengthened by the judge. [Cit.] We interpret this as clothing the trial court with discretion which will not be controlled absent abuse.” Hall v. State, 181 Ga. App. 92, 93 (1) (b) (351 SE2d 236) (1986). Here, the reason the motion was made late was that the State did not learn of the existence of the similar transaction in question until the continuance caused by the disappearance of Sabrina Thibodeau. We find appellant was not prejudiced by the lateness of the motion, as he produced one of the witnesses he stated he needed to respond to this evidence. The other witness appellant desired to call in response to Voyles’s testimony was appellant’s brother, who had been in court previously and who the trial court found could have returned. There was ample basis for shortening the time, and we find no abuse of the trial court’s discretion.

Judgment affirmed.

Carley, C. J., and Deen, P. J., concur.