Culpepper v. State, 715 S.E.2d 155 (Ga. 2011). · Go Syfert
Culpepper v. State, 715 S.E.2d 155 (Ga. 2011). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
118 citation events (118 in the last 25 years) across 3 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Waller v. State (ga, 2021-05-17) · Strongest negative: Brown v. State (ga, 2018-05-07)
Treatment trajectory · 2012 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2012 2019 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers.
discussed Vacated Brown v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State , 289 Ga. 736 , 737-738 (2), 715 S.E.2d 155 (2011) (felony murder convictions vacated by operation of law where defendant convicted of and sentenced for malice murder); Brown v. State , 302 Ga. 454 , 456 (1) (c), 807 S.E.2d 369 (2017) (merger of aggravated assault into malice murder conviction); Smith v. State , 300 Ga. 532 , 537 (4), 796 S.E.2d 671 (2017) (possession of a firearm by a convicted felon does not merge into malice murder).
discussed Vacated Brown v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737-738 (2) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011) (felony murder convictions vacated by operation of law where defendant convicted of and sentenced for malice murder); Brown v. State, 302 Ga. 454, 456 (1) (c) ( 807 SE2d 369 ) (2017) (merger of aggravated assault into malice murder conviction); Smith v. State, 300 Ga. 532, 537 (4) ( 796 SE2d 671 ) (2017) (possession of a firearm by a convicted felon does not merge into malice murder).
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Waller v. State (4×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Ga. · 2021 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 2 verbatim quotes · confidence low
when the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony murder and the predicate felony of the felony murder charge, the conviction for the predicate felony merges into the felony murder conviction.
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Jones v. State (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
Ga. · 2019 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
when the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony murder and the predicate felony of the felony murder charge, the conviction for the predicate felony merges into the felony murder conviction.
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Jones v. State
Ga. · 2019 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
when the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony murder and the predicate felony of the felony murder charge, the conviction for the predicate felony merges into the felony murder conviction.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Douglas v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2025 · confidence medium
See Smith v. State, 301 Ga. 79, 80-81 (2) (799 SE2d 762) (2017) (concluding that an aggravated assault 26 conviction premised on a shooting with a rifle merged into a malice murder conviction for the same shooting) (citation and punctuation omitted); Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738-739 (2) (a) (715 SE2d 155) (2011) (concluding that an aggravated assault conviction premised on a stabbing with a knife merged into a malice murder conviction premised on the same stabbing) (citation omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Meadows v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2023 · confidence medium
See Nazario v. State, 293 Ga. 480, 480 (746 SE2d 109) (2013) (“A conviction that merges with another conviction is void - a nullity- and a sentence imposed on such a void conviction is illegal and will be vacated if noticed by this Court . . . .”); Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738-739 (715 SE2d 155) (2011) (explaining that a non-fatal aggravated assault and a fatal aggravated assault that are separated by a “deliberate interval” may support separate convictions and sentences).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) SILLAH v. THE STATE (Two Cases) (2×)
Ga. · 2023 · confidence medium
See, e.g., Jones v. State, 290 Ga. 670, 672 (2) ( 725 SE2d 236 ) (2012) (providing that 40 the merger doctrine under OCGA § 16-1-7 (a) “does not apply if each of the charged crimes was committed against a different victim” (citation and punctuation omitted)); Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738-739 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011) (concluding that aggravated assault based on multiple stab wounds merged with malice murder under OCGA § 16-1-7 (a) because there was no evidence that non- fatal stab wounds were separated by a deliberate interval from fatal stab wounds).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Hawkins v. State
Ga. · 2019 · confidence medium
“When the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony murder and the predicate felony of the felony murder charge, the conviction for the predicate felony merges into the felony murder conviction.” Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737 (2) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011) (citation omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Bradley v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2019 · confidence medium
Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 739 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011); Eckman v. State, 274 Ga. 63, 66 (1) ( 548 SE2d 310 ) (2001).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Bradley v. State
Ga. · 2019 · confidence medium
Culpepper , 289 Ga. at 739 (2) (a), 715 S.E.2d 155 ; Eckman , 274 Ga. at 66 (1), 548 S.E.2d 310 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Brown v. State
Ga. · 2018 · confidence medium
“When the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony murder and the predicate felony of the felony murder charge, the conviction for the predicate felony merges into the felony murder conviction.” Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737 ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Brown v. State
Ga. · 2018 · confidence medium
“When the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony murder and the predicate felony of the felony murder charge, the conviction for the predicate felony merges into the felony murder conviction.” Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737 ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Smith v. State
Ga. · 2017 · confidence medium
This was error, as “possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony does not merge into [a] conviction for [malice] murder.” Jackson v. State, 267 Ga. 130, 130-131 (2) ( 475 SE2d 637 ) (1996). “[A]s no merger occurred, [Smith] should have been sentenced on [the possession of a firearm] count.” Hulett v. State, 296 Ga. 49, 55 (2) (b) ( 766 SE2d 1 ) (2014). 2 Further, because the indictment charged Smith with killing Brewer with malice aforethought by shooting him with a rifle, and with assaulting him with a deadly weapon, a rifle, “the aggravated assault conviction merges in…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Crews v. State
Ga. · 2016 · confidence medium
Accordingly, while [the] aggravated assault [count] properly merged with malice murder as a matter of fact, see Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011), there w[as] no felony murder count[ ] into which the . . . [remaining] independent felon[y] [of armed robbery] could merge as a matter of law.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Graves v. State
Ga. · 2016 · confidence medium
Accordingly, while aggravated assault properly merged with malice murder as a matter of fact, see Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011), there were no felony murder counts into which the two independent felonies could merge as a matter of law.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Simpson v. State
Ga. · 2016 · confidence medium
The indictment charged Simpson with felony murder by causing the death of Wyscaver “while in the commission of aggravated assault . . . by striking him about the head with a board, a computer tower and a computer monitor, deadly weapons in the way and manner used.” The aggravated assault count charged Simpson with assaulting Wyscaver “with a board, a computer tower and a computer monitor, deadly weapons in the way and manner used, by striking him about the head with these weapons.” 12 “When the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony mu…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Simpson v. State
Ga. · 2016 · confidence medium
The indictment charged Simpson with felony murder by causing the death of Wyscaver “while in the commission of aggravated assault... by striking him about the head with a board, a computer tower and a computer monitor, deadly weapons in the way and manner used.” The aggravated assault count charged Simpson with assaulting Wyscaver “with a board, a computer tower and a computer monitor, deadly weapons in the way and manner used, by striking him about the head with these weapons.” “When the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony murder a…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Hulett v. State
Ga. · 2014 · confidence medium
These counts do not merge into the malice murder counts “because malice murder has an element that must be proven (death of the victim) that armed robbery does not, and armed robbery has an element (taking of property) that malice murder does not.” Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 739 (2) (b) (715 *56 SE2d 155) (2011).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Timothy Thomas v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2014 · confidence medium
See Reddings v. State, 292 Ga. 364, 366 (2) ( 738 SE2d 49 ) (2013); Alvelo v. State, 290 Ga. 609, 611 (2) ( 724 SE2d 377 ) (2012); Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011); Mikell v. State, 286 Ga. 722, 724 (3) ( 690 SE2d 858 ) (2010); Coleman v. State, 286 Ga. 291, 295 (3) ( 687 SE2d 427 ) (2009); Fitzpatrick v. State, 268 Ga. 423, 424 (1) ( 489 SE2d 840 ) (1997). 4 2.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Thomas v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2014 · confidence medium
See Reddings v. State, 292 Ga. 364, 366 (2) ( 738 SE2d 49 ) (2013); Alvelo v. State, 290 Ga. 609, 611 (2) ( 724 SE2d 377 ) (2012); Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011); Mikell v. State, 286 Ga. 722, 724 (3) ( 690 SE2d 858 ) (2010); Coleman v. State, 286 Ga. 291, 295 (3) ( 687 SE2d 427 ) (2009); Fitzpatrick v. State, 268 Ga. 423, 424 (1) ( 489 SE2d 840 ) (1997).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Watts v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · confidence medium
Based upon the separate proof supporting Watts’ convictions under the required evidence test, the Supreme Court’s “quick succession” analysis in Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738-739 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011), does not apply in this case.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Taryn Lashae Watts v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · confidence medium
The battery 4 Based upon the separate proof supporting Watts’ convictions under the required evidence test, the Supreme Court’s “quick succession” analysis in Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738-739 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011), does not apply in this case. 9 conviction requires proof of a visible bodily harm, while the simple assault conviction requires proof of reasonable apprehension of immediate violent injury.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Jones v. State
Ga. · 2013 · confidence medium
Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737 (2) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011) (‘When the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony murder and the predicate felony of the felony murder charge, the conviction for the predicate felony merges into the felony murder conviction.” (citation omitted)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Sears v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2012 · confidence medium
“When the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony murder and the predicate felony of the felony murder charge, the conviction for the predicate felony merges into the felony murder conviction.” Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737 (2) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011) (citation omitted); see also OCGA § 16-1-7 (a) (1) (prohibiting conviction of more than one crime if one crime is included in another).
discussed Cited "see" McElrath v. Georgia (2×)
SCOTUS · 2024 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737 , 715 S. E. 2d 155, 157 (2011). 92 McELRATH v. GEORGIA Opinion of the Court McElrath appealed.
discussed Cited "see" McElrath v. Georgia (2×)
SCOTUS · 2024 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737 , 715 S. E. 2d 155, 157 (2011). 4 MCELRATH v. GEORGIA Opinion of the Court conviction should be vacated because the guilty-but-men- tally-ill verdict for that crime was “repugnant” to the jury’s “not guilty by reason of insanity” verdict for malice murder.
discussed Cited "see" Lynn v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2020 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 739 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011) (unless there is a “deliberate interval” between infliction of a non-fatal injury and a fatal one, the aggravated assault count merges with malice murder).
discussed Cited "see" Robinson v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2020 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Riggs v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2019 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 739 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Mangram v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State , 289 Ga. 736 , 738, 715 S.E.2d 155 (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Mangram v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Menzies v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State , 289 Ga. 736 , 737, 715 S.E.2d 155 (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Menzies v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737 ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Simpkins v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736 , 737- 738 ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Simpkins v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State , 289 Ga. 736 , 737-738, 715 S.E.2d 155 (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Eller v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State , 289 Ga. 736 , 737-739, 715 S.E.2d 155 (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Eller v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737-739 ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Fletcher v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State , 289 Ga. 736 , 737-739, 715 S.E.2d 155 (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Fletcher v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 737-739 ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" DIXON v. THE STATE (Two Cases) (2×)
Ga. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 739 (2) (b) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Dixon v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 739 (2) (b) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Bailey v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011) (aggravated assault merged into malice murder where no deliberate interval between the infliction of non-fatal and fatal injuries to each victim).
cited Cited "see" Bailey v. State
Ga. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) motion to suppress evidence, denying his Jackson-Denno2 motion, and refusing to give an instruction on voluntary manslaughter.
discussed Cited "see" Smith v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See Malcolm v. State, 263 Ga. 369 (4) ( 434 SE2d 479 ) (1993). 3 aggravated assault must be vacated.” (Citation omitted.) Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" McCray v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" McCRAY v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
discussed Cited "see" Dyal v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011); compare Willingham v. State, 281 Ga. 577, 579 ( 642 SE2d 43 ) (2007) (aggravated assault did not merge with murder where the indictment alleged that defendant assaulted victim by placing him in reasonable apprehension of immediately receiving a violent injury because only the aggravated assault count required the State to offer proof of that element).
discussed Cited "see" Dyal v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 (2) (a) ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011); compare Willingham v. State, 281 Ga. 577, 579 ( 642 SE2d 43 ) (2007) (aggravated assault did not merge with murder where the indictment alleged that defendant assaulted victim by placing him in reasonable apprehension of immediately receiving a violent injury because only the aggravated assault count required the State to offer proof of that element).
discussed Cited "see" Durden v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2013 · signal: see · confidence high
See Culpepper v. State, 289 Ga. 736, 738 ( 715 SE2d 155 ) (2011).
Culpepper
v.
the State
S11A1338.
Supreme Court of Georgia.
Sep 12, 2011.
715 S.E.2d 155
Sharon L. Hopkins, for appellant., Daniel J. Porter, District Attorney, Richard A. Vandever, Assistant District Attorney, Samuel S. Olens, Attorney General, Paula K. Smith, Senior Assistant Attorney General, Dana E. Wolk, Assistant Attorney General, for appellee.
Benham.
Cited by 53 opinions  |  Published
1 passages pin-cited by 3 cases
Pinpoint authority: #20,678 of 633,719
Citer courts: Supreme Court of Georgia (4)
BENHAM, Justice.

Alvenio Johnny Culpepper was convicted of and sentenced for the malice murder, aggravated assault, and armed robbery of Jenny Neville, as well as possession of a knife during the commission of armed robbery. [1] He appeals his convictions, contending the aggravated assault and armed robbery convictions merged into the malice murder conviction and the sentences imposed for aggravated assault and armed robbery should be vacated. Appellant is correct with regard to his conviction for aggravated assault, but incorrect insofar as his conviction for armed robbery is concerned. Accordingly, we affirm his convictions for malice murder, armed robbery, and possession of a knife during the commission of armed robbery, vacate his conviction for aggravated assault, and remand the case to the trial court for resentencing.

[*737] 1. Jenny Neville was found dead in her Duluth, Georgia, duplex apartment on September 12, 2006. She had been stabbed 22 times. The medical examiner testified the victim died within minutes of sustaining her injuries from a combination of blood loss and inability to breathe. The medical examiner classified several of the victim’s stab wounds as “potentially survivable” because no major blood vessel, organ, or bone was injured, and described as “fatal” the stab wounds that injured the victim’s jugular vein, right lung, right kidney, and small intestine. The State presented evidence that appellant was the resident in the duplex’s other apartment, and socks and a t-shirt stained with the victim’s blood were found in his apartment. A cordless telephone handset, the base of which was found in the victim’s apartment, was found atop appellant’s television. The knife used to stab the victim was found under a floormat outside her apartment. A handwritten note containing appellant’s fingerprints was found in appellant’s apartment, and it stated that appellant loved his family, that drugs had gotten the best of him, and that he had not meant to hurt anyone. Appellant was arrested in Pennsylvania five days after Ms. Neville was killed and gave two written statements and a videotaped interview in which he confessed to stabbing the victim with a knife, taking her automated teller machine card and her car, and leaving the knife he had used under the floormat at the base of the stairs to the victim’s apartment. The victim’s car was found on September 19 a short distance from the Pennsylvania city in which appellant was arrested. The evidence was sufficient to authorize the jury to find appellant guilty of malice murder, aggravated assault, armed robbery, and possession of a knife during the commission of a felony. Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U. S. 307 (99 SC 2781, 61 LE2d 560) (1979).

2. The indictment charged appellant with malice murder by stabbing the victim, felony murder with armed robbery as the predicate offense, felony murder with aggravated assault by stabbing as the predicate offense, armed robbery, aggravated assault by stabbing, and possession of a knife during the commission of armed robbery. The jury returned guilty verdicts on all charges. Appellant contends his aggravated assault conviction for stabbing the victim with a knife merges as a matter of fact into his felony murder/aggravated assault conviction, which merges into the malice murder conviction for killing the victim by stabbing her with a knife. He uses the same rationale to argue that his armed robbery conviction also merges into his malice murder conviction.

When the only murder conviction is for felony murder and a defendant is convicted of both felony murder and the predicate felony of the felony murder charge, the conviction for the predicate felony merges into the felony murder conviction. Green v. State, 283[*738] Ga. 126 (2) (657 SE2d 221) (2008). However, appellant’s felony-murder convictions became “simply surplusage” when appellant was convicted of and sentenced for the malice murder of the victim of the felony murder charges, and the felony murder convictions were properly vacated by the trial court. Malcolm v. State, 263 Ga. 369 (4) (434 SE2d 479) (1993). Where, as here, a valid guilty verdict is also returned on an alternative count of malice murder, the trial court acts properly when it treats the felony murder counts as surplusage and then determines whether the predicate felony of each felony murder count did or did not merge into the malice murder count. Id. at 372-373.

OCGA § 16-1-7 (a) (1) prohibits a defendant from being convicted of more than one crime if one crime is included in another. Drinkard v. Walker, 281 Ga. 211, 212 (636 SE2d 530) (2006). Under the “required evidence” test adopted in Drinkard, “where the same act or transaction constitutes the violation of two distinct statutory provisions, the test to be applied to determine whether there are two offenses or only one, is whether each provision requires proof of a fact which the other does not.” Id. at 215.

(a) The indictment charged appellant with killing the victim with malice aforethought by stabbing her with a knife, and with assaulting her by stabbing her with a deadly weapon, a knife. Malice murder requires proof of a fact — the death of the victim — that aggravated assault does not require; however, aggravated assault as pled does not require proof of a fact not required to be proved in malice murder. Accordingly, the aggravated assault conviction merges into the malice murder conviction, and the sentence imposed for aggravated assault must be vacated. See Bell v. State, 284 Ga. 790 (1) (671 SE2d 815) (2009).

The State argues that wounds not classified by the medical examiner as fatal may serve as an aggravated assault distinct from the aggravated assault that results in the victim’s death, and urges the Court to uphold the aggravated assault conviction based on one of the non-fatal stab wounds suffered by the victim. We decline to do so.

When a victim suffers multiple wounds inflicted in quick succession, each infliction of injury does not constitute a separate assault. [Cit.] However, a separate judgment of conviction and sentence is authorized if a defendant commits an aggravated assault independent of the act which caused the victim’s death. [Cit.] When a series of [stab wounds] are separated by a “deliberate interval” and a non-fatal injury is sustained prior to the interval and a fatal injury sustained after the interval, the earlier, non[*739] fatal infliction of injury can serve to support a conviction for aggravated assault. [Cit.]
Decided September 12, 2011. Sharon L. Hopkins, for appellant. Daniel J. Porter, District Attorney, Richard A. Vandever, Assistant District Attorney, Samuel S. Olens, Attorney General, Paula K. Smith, Senior Assistant Attorney General, Dana E. Wolk, Assistant Attorney General, for appellee.

Coleman v. State, 286 Ga. 291 (3) (687 SE2d 427) (2009). See also Mikell v. State, 286 Ga. 722 (3) (690 SE2d 858) (2010). As was the case in Coleman and Mikell, there was no evidence of a “deliberate interval” between infliction of a non-fatal injury and a fatal injury. Accordingly, the aggravated assault merged into the malice murder conviction, and the sentence imposed for aggravated assault must be vacated.

(b) Appellant also contends his armed robbery conviction should be vacated because it merges into the malice murder conviction. Using the “required evidence” test of Drinkard (whether each crime requires proof of a fact which the other does not), we conclude that armed robbery does not merge into malice murder because malice murder has an element that must be proven (death of the victim) that armed robbery does not, and armed robbery has an element (taking of property) that malice murder does not. See Lucky v. State, 286 Ga. 478, 482 (689 SE2d 825) (2010). Thus, appellant’s conviction and sentence for armed robbery remain in place.

Judgment affirmed in part and vacated in part, and case remanded for resentencing.

All the Justices concur.
1

The crimes were committed on September 11, 2006, and appellant was arrested on September 16. On December 6, 2006, the Gwinnett County grand jury returned a true bill of indictment charging appellant with malice murder, two counts of felony murder, aggravated assault, armed robbery, theft by taking, and two counts of possession of a knife during the commission of a felony. Appellant’s trial commenced on May 11, 2009, and concluded with the jury’s return of guilty verdicts on all charges on May 19. Appellant’s sentences of life imprisonment for malice murder, and 20 years for armed robbery, 20 years for aggravated assault, and five years for possession of a knife, to be served consecutively, were filed on June 2, 2009. Appellant filed a motion for new trial on June 3, 2009, and amended it on June 14, 2010. The trial court held a hearing on the motion on July 9, 2010, and denied the motion on December 29, 2010. Pursuant to appellant’s timely-filed notice of appeal on January 5, 2011, this appeal was docketed in this Court to the September 2011 term and submitted for decision on the briefs.