Tex. Codes » Penal Code · TITLE 7. OFFENSES AGAINST PROPERTY · CHAPTER 29. ROBBERY
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Tex. Penal Code § 29.03 (2026)

Aggravated Robbery

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Sec. 29.03. AGGRAVATED ROBBERY. (a) A person commits an offense if he commits robbery as defined in Section 29.02, and he:

(1) causes serious bodily injury to another;

(2) uses or exhibits a deadly weapon; or

(3) causes bodily injury to another person or threatens or places another person in fear of imminent bodily injury or death, if the other person is:

(A) 65 years of age or older; or

(B) a disabled person.

(b) An offense under this section is a felony of the first degree.

(c) In this section, "disabled person" means an individual with a mental, physical, or developmental disability who is substantially unable to protect himself from harm.

Acts 1973, 63rd Leg., p. 883, ch. 399, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1974. Amended by Acts 1989, 71st Leg., ch. 357, Sec. 2, eff. Sept. 1, 1989; Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 900, Sec. 1.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1994.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 2,000 cases (246 in the last 5 years), 1976–2026 · leading case: United States v. Noel Lerma, 877 F.3d 628 (5th Cir. 2017).
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United States v. Noel Lerma, 877 F.3d 628 (5th Cir. 2017). · cites it 9× “EUGENE DAVIS, Circuit Judge: The question presented in this case is whether a conviction under the Texas aggravated robbery statute, Texas Penal Code § 29.03, qualifies as a “violent felony” under the Armed Career Criminal Act (“ACCA”), 18 U.”
Jones v. United States, 526 U.S. 227 (1999). · cites it 4× “415(1)(c) (1990) (robbery in the first degree; "[c]auses or attempts to cause serious physical injury"); Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 29.03 (a)(1) (1994) (aggravated robbery; "causes serious bodily injury"); Utah Code Ann.”
United States v. Gore, 636 F.3d 728 (5th Cir. 2011). · cites it 9× “[9] The Texas aggravated robbery statute, Texas Penal Code § 29.03, provides that A person commits an offense when he commits robbery as defined in Section 29.”
Bignall v. State, 887 S.W.2d 21 (Tex. Crim. App. 1994). · cites it 4× “Appellant was convicted of aggravated robbery, Tex.Penal Code § 29.03 (Vernon 1992). The jury assessed punishment, enhanced by two prior convictions, at confinement in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice for twenty-five years.”
McCain v. State, 22 S.W.3d 497 (Tex. Crim. App. 2000). · cites it 4× “See Texas Penal Code § 29.03(a)(2). Agreeing with appellant that the evidence was legally insufficient to prove that element, the Court of Appeals reformed the conviction to robbery and remanded the case for a new trial on punishment.”
Davis v. State, 177 S.W.3d 355 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2005). · cites it 4× “To establish the offense of aggravated robbery, the State had to prove that appellant (1) in the course of committing theft, (2) with intent to obtain and maintain control of property, (3) knowingly and intentionally, (4) threatened or placed another in fear of imminent bodily…”
Proctor v. State, 967 S.W.2d 840 (Tex. Crim. App. 1998). · cites it 4× “See Tex. Penal Code § 29.03. The two cases were consolidated for trial, and on November 29, 1982, a Harris County petit jury found appellants guilty of the aggravated robbery offense.”
Johnson v. State, 43 S.W.3d 1 (Tex. Crim. App. 2001). · cites it 2× “See Tex.Pen.Code § 29.03. During voir dire in the appellant's trial, two venire members, Kelley and Clevenger, stated that they could not consider the minimum punishment of five years for a defendant found guilty of aggravated robbery as a principal.”
Aguilar v. State, 263 S.W.3d 430 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2008). · cites it 4× “Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 29.03 (a) (Vernon 2003).”
SWEED v. State, 351 S.W.3d 63 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011). · cites it 2× “[1] See TEX. PENAL CODE § 29.03. At trial, Appellant requested a jury instruction on the offense of theft.”
Jessy Rodriguez v. State, 521 S.W.3d 822 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2017). · cites it 2× “See Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 29.03 (a)(2) (West 2011).”
Stokeling v. United States, 586 U.S. 73 (2019). “…§ 11-39-1(a) (2002) ; S.D. Codified Laws § 22-30-6 (2017) ; Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 39-13-402 (a), 39-13-403(a) (2011); Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 29.03 (a) (West 2011); Utah Code §§ 76-6-302(1)(a)-(b) (2017) ; Vt. Stat. Ann., Tit. 13, § 608(c) (2009); Va. Code Ann. §§ 18.2-53.1 ,…”
Show all 2,000 citing cases →
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(1994): 1 case
Valdez, Osbaldo, No. PD-0466-15 (Tex. Crim. App. Apr. 24, 2015).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(2): 3 cases
Scales, Courtney Jay, 380 S.W.3d 780 (Tex. Crim. App. 2012).
McCall v. State, 113 S.W.3d 479 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2003).
Thomas Wayne Womack v. State of Texas, No. 07-19-00399-CR (Tex. App.—Amarillo July 29, 2021).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(2)(B): 1 case
Kenthony Jevelle Jackson v. State, No. 10-13-00397-CR (Tex. App.—Waco Jan. 23, 2015).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(3): 2 cases
Jose Roberto Lopez v. State of Texas, No. 08-25-00120-CR (May 22, 2026).
Doyle Lee McCrary v. State, No. 06-09-00232-CR (Tex. App.—Texarkana Nov. 2, 2010).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(a): 96 cases
Davis v. State, 177 S.W.3d 355 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2005). “To establish the offense of aggravated robbery, the State had to prove that appellant (1) in the course of committing theft, (2) with intent to obtain and maintain control of property, (3) knowingly and intentionally, (4) threatened or placed another in fear of imminent bodily…”
Apolinar v. State, 106 S.W.3d 407 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2003).
Cooper v. State, 430 S.W.3d 426 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014).
United States v. Rose, 587 F.3d 695 (5th Cir. 2009).
Tippitt v. State, 41 S.W.3d 316 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2001).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(a)(1): 36 cases
Johnson, Manley Dewayne, 423 S.W.3d 385 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014).
Jones v. United States, 526 U.S. 227 (1999). “415(1)(c) (1990) (robbery in the first degree; "[c]auses or attempts to cause serious physical injury"); Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 29.03 (a)(1) (1994) (aggravated robbery; "causes serious bodily injury"); Utah Code Ann.”
Lemos v. State, 27 S.W.3d 42 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2000).
Cardenas, Jose Juan, 423 S.W.3d 396 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014).
Cooper v. State, 430 S.W.3d 426 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(a)(1)(2): 1 case
Willie Frank Jackson v. State, No. 06-14-00097-CR (Tex. App.—Texarkana Feb. 18, 2015).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(a)(2): 368 cases
McCain v. State, 22 S.W.3d 497 (Tex. Crim. App. 2000). “See Texas Penal Code § 29.03(a)(2). Agreeing with appellant that the evidence was legally insufficient to prove that element, the Court of Appeals reformed the conviction to robbery and remanded the case for a new trial on punishment.”
United States v. Noel Lerma, 877 F.3d 628 (5th Cir. 2017). “EUGENE DAVIS, Circuit Judge: The question presented in this case is whether a conviction under the Texas aggravated robbery statute, Texas Penal Code § 29.03, qualifies as a “violent felony” under the Armed Career Criminal Act (“ACCA”), 18 U.”
Bradley v. State, 359 S.W.3d 912 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2012).
Ruben Lee Allen v. State, 570 S.W.3d 795 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2018).
Sorrells v. State, 343 S.W.3d 152 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(a)(3): 15 cases
United States v. Gore, 636 F.3d 728 (5th Cir. 2011). “[9] The Texas aggravated robbery statute, Texas Penal Code § 29.03, provides that A person commits an offense when he commits robbery as defined in Section 29.”
Aguilar v. State, 263 S.W.3d 430 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2008). “Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 29.03 (a) (Vernon 2003).”
Hill v. State, 320 S.W.3d 901 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2010).
Kanavius Dorsey v. State, No. 01-14-00685-CR (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] July 30, 2015).
Edwin Louis Akes v. State, No. 07-17-00402-CR (Tex. App.—Amarillo June 28, 2019).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(a)(3)(A): 29 cases
Gill v. State, 873 S.W.2d 45 (Tex. Crim. App. 1994).
Turk v. State, 867 S.W.2d 883 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1993).
Green v. State, 839 S.W.2d 935 (Tex. App.—Waco 1993).
Julin Robertson v. State, 397 S.W.3d 774 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2013).
Carroll, Timothy Earl v. State, 74 S.W.3d 414 (Tex. App. 2002).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(a)(3)(B): 1 case
Isaiah Longoria v. State of Texas, No. 01-24-00186-CR (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] Oct. 21, 2025).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(a)(l): 3 cases
Hernandez v. State, 946 S.W.2d 108 (Tex. App.—El Paso 1997).
Moore v. State, 24 S.W.3d 444 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 2000).
Sarver v. State, 24 S.W.3d 448 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 2000).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(a)(l)(2)(3): 1 case
Toy v. State, 855 S.W.2d 153 (Tex. App. 1993).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(b): 38 cases
Taylor v. State, 109 S.W.3d 443 (Tex. Crim. App. 2003).
United States v. Gore, 636 F.3d 728 (5th Cir. 2011). “[9] The Texas aggravated robbery statute, Texas Penal Code § 29.03, provides that A person commits an offense when he commits robbery as defined in Section 29.”
United States v. Noel Lerma, 877 F.3d 628 (5th Cir. 2017). “EUGENE DAVIS, Circuit Judge: The question presented in this case is whether a conviction under the Texas aggravated robbery statute, Texas Penal Code § 29.03, qualifies as a “violent felony” under the Armed Career Criminal Act (“ACCA”), 18 U.”
Lemos v. State, 27 S.W.3d 42 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2000).
Fluellen v. State, 71 S.W.3d 870 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 2002).
Tex. Penal Code § 29.03(c): 1 case
Ruben Miguel Alaniz v. State, No. 10-14-00051-CR (Tex. App.—Waco Aug. 6, 2015).
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