At page 675 Determining when a judgment is final for appeal21 citing cases“that a judgment in a consolidated action that does not dispose of all claims shall not operate as a final, appealable judgment under 28 u.s.c. 1291 .”
- Lowther v. Child. Youth & Families Dep't, No. 1:18-cv-00868 (D.N.M. Apr. 17, 2023).(We. . . adopt the rule that a judgment in a consolidated action that does not dispose of all claims shall not operate as a final, appealable judgment under 28 U.S.C. § 1291 . To obtain review of one part of a consolida…)
- Gerald L. Spence John Zelbst Rex Parris Joseph H. Low & Kent Spence v. John Sloan Milton Grimes Maren Chaloupka J.R. Clary, 2022 WY 96, 515 P.3d 572.published Leslie, 122 P.3d at 809 ; Spraytex, 96 F.3d at 1382 ; Trinity, 827 F.2d at 675.
- Trenz v. Fam. Dollar Stores of Massachusetts, Inc., 900 N.E.2d 97 (Mass. App. Ct. 2009).publishedCorp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d at 675.
- Jackson v. Volvo Trucks North Am., Inc., 462 F.3d 1234 (10th Cir. 2006).publishedTrinity Broadcasting Corp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d 673, 675 (10th Cir.1987).
- Global Naps, Inc. v. Verizon New England, Inc., 396 F.3d 16 (1st Cir. 2005).publishedCorp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d 673 675 (10th Cir.1987) and Spraytex, Inc. v. DJS&T, Homax Corp., 96 F.3d 1377 , *23 1382 (Fed.Cir.1996).
- Biocore Med. v. Khosrowshahi, 80 F. App'x 619 (10th Cir. 2003).unpublished“it is essential that the point at which a judgment is final be crystal clear because appellate rights depend upon it”
- Spraytex, Inc. v. Djs&t & Homax Corp., 96 F.3d 1377 (Fed. Cir. 1996).publishedSee Huene v. United States, 743 F.2d 703, 705 (9th Cir.1984); Trinity Broadcasting Corp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d 673, 675 (10th Cir.1987).
- Lawrence Albert v. Maine Cent. R.R. Co., 898 F.2d 5 (1st Cir. 1990).publishedFor example, in Trinity Broadcasting Corp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d 673, 675 (10th Cir.1987) (per curiam), cert. denied, 487 U.S. 1223 , 108 S.Ct. 2883 , 101 L.Ed.2d 918 (1988), the court held that to appeal a judgment that does not dispose of a…
- Fed. Deposit Ins. Corp. v. Caledonia Inv. Corp., 862 F.2d 378 (1st Cir. 1988).publishedWhile other circuits have declined to adopt this rule, e.g., Trinity Broadcasting Corp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d 673, 675 (10th Cir.), reh’g and reh’g en banc denied, 835 F.2d 245 (10th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 108 S.Ct. 2883 (1988); Sandwiches,…
- Wilmington Sec. v. Welch, 98 F.3d 1349 (10th Cir. 1996).unpublished(holding that when two cases have been consolidated for trial, judgment in one is not appealable while the other is still pending)
Show 10 more citing cases
- Reliance Ins. Co. v. Mast Const. Co., 81 F.3d 173 (10th Cir. 1996).publishedSee Trinity Broadcasting Corp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d 673, 675 (10th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 487 U.S. 1223 (1988) (to obtain review of portion of consolidated actions, district court must enter Rule 54(b) certification).
- Road Sprinkler Fitters Local Union v. Cont'l Sprinkler Co., 967 F.2d 145 (5th Cir. 1992).published See Trinity Broadcasting Corp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d 673 , 675 (10th Cir.1987) (per curiam), cert, denied, 487 U.S. 1223 , 108 S.Ct. 2883 , 101 L.Ed.2d 918 (1988); Huene v. United States, 743 F.2d 703, 705 (9th Cir. 1984).
- Genty v. Twp. of Gloucester, 736 F. Supp. 1322 (D.N.J. 1990).publishedSee Trinity Broadcasting Corp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d 673, 675 (10th Cir.1987) (per curiam), cert. denied, [487] U.S. [1223], 108 S.Ct. 2883 , 101 L.Ed.2d 918 (1988); Huene v. United States, 743 F.2d 703, 705 (9th Cir.1984).
- Edward v. City of Atl. City, 860 F.2d 560 (3d Cir. 1988).published See Trinity Broadcasting Corp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d 673, 675 (10th Cir.1987), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 108 S.Ct. 2883 , 101 L.Ed.2d 918 (1988); Huene v. United States, 743 F.2d 703, 704-05 (9th Cir.1984). 8 Two other courts have announce…
- Arthur G. Hageman v. City Investing Co. & the Home Ins. Co., 851 F.2d 69 (2d Cir. 1988).published See Trinity Broadcasting Corp. v. Eller, 827 F.2d 673, 675 (10th Cir.1987) (per curiam), cert. denied, — U.S —, 108 S.Ct. 2883 , 101 L.Ed.2d 918 (1988); Huene v. United States, 743 F.2d 703, 705 (9th Cir.1984).
- Trinity Broad. Corp. v. Lee R. Eller Leeco Oil, 835 F.2d 245 (10th Cir. 1987).published See 827 F.2d at 675.
- Loretta Livesay v. Ray Shollenbarger, 19 F.3d 1443 (10th Cir. 1994).published(Rule 54(b) seeks to prevent piecemeal review)
- Eggers v. Clinchfield Coal Co., 11 F.3d 35 (4th Cir. 1993).published See, e.g., Trinity Broadcasting, 827 F.2d at 675.
- Charles Lee Dudonis v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Lawrence Edward Beyer, Jr. v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Gary L. Montgomery v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, William Troy Walter v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Patrick E. O'neill, Jr. v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, James E. Mauzone, Jr. v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Glenn L. Lewis v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Tony Lee Green v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Joseph Louis v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Ronnie Johnson v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Sherman Bryant, Jr. v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Adrian Ward v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Herbert L. MacK v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Leon Smith v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Wali S.J. Aquil v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, James W. Payne v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Terry Kearney v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Clifton Dobbins v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Derek Birckhead v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Frank W. Parker v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Timothy Bell v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Louis D. Scarlett v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Charles J. Hill v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Alvin Faulkner v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Joseph K. Kirby v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Paul Rodgers v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Johnny Reynolds v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Howard E. Simms v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Edward Glenn Dunn v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Melvin Kisamore v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Phillip G. Johnson v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, George D. Willoughby v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Gerald T. Parkey v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary Theodore Purnell, Sec. Chief, Jerome Wallace, Jr. v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Seymour Hall v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, Farrakhan Bey v. Bishop L. Robinson, Pub. Saf. Sec'y Richard Lanham, Sr., Comm'r of Corr. Sewall Smith, Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, 991 F.2d 788 (4th Cir. 1993).unpublished(judgments not separately appealable)
- Rajala v. Garnder, 709 F.3d 1031 (10th Cir. 2013).published
Other citing cases
- Jean Knafel Karen Wuchich v. Pepsi Cola Bottlers of Akron, Inc., 850 F.2d 1155 (6th Cir. 1988).published
- Doe v. Doe, 911 P.2d 140 (Idaho Ct. App. 1996).published
- Gissel v. Kenmare Twp., 463 N.W.2d 668 (N.D. 1990).published
- Whitaker v. Kear, 681 N.E.2d 973 (Ohio Ct. App. 4th Dist. 1996).published
- Mallin v. Farmers Ins. Exch., 797 P.2d 978 (Nev. 1990).published
- Steck v. Aagaire, 789 P.2d 708 (Utah 1990).published
v.
Lee R. ELLER Leeco Oil, an Oklahoma corporation, Reece Morrel Donald Herrold and J. Charles Shelton
After examining the briefs and the appellate record, this three-judge panel has determined unanimously that oral argument would not be of material assistance in the determination of this appeal. See Fed.R.App.P. 34(a); Tenth Cir.R. 34.1.8(c) and 27.-1.2. The cause is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.
On July 23, 1986, plaintiff filed a notice of appeal from the district court's entry of summary judgment in favor of some defendants, as well as from the denial of plaintiff’s motion for reconsideration. Plaintiff’s claims against two additional defendants in an action consolidated with the instant action remained pending. On August 14, 1986, the district court entered an order pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 54(b) finding that there was no just reason for delay and determining that the summary judgment in the instant action was a final judgment. Plaintiff did not file a new notice of appeal.
[*675] We consider in this case an issue of first impression in this circuit, whether summary judgment in favor of the defendants in an original action operates as a final judgment when plaintiff’s claims against defendants in another action which had been consolidated with the first are still pending. The matter is before us on our own motion, to determine whether this court has jurisdiction over the captioned appeal.
The Ninth Circuit has adopted an absolute rule that a judgment in a consolidated action that does not dispose of all claims is not final without a Rule 54(b) certification. See Huene v. United States, 743 F.2d 703 (9th Cir.1984). Two other circuits have held that a judgment in one portion of a consolidated action is final and appealable regardless of the pendency of the other consolidated claims. See In re Massachusetts Helicopter Airlines, Inc., 469 F.2d 439 (1st Cir.1972); Kraft, Inc. v. Local Union 327, Teamsters, 683 F.2d 131 (6th Cir.1982). In contrast, other circuits have looked at the nature of the consolidation and the relationship of the consolidated actions. Ivanov-McPhee v. Washington Nat’l Ins. Co., 719 F.2d 927, 930 (7th Cir.1983); Ringwald v. Harris, 675 F.2d 768, 771 (5th Cir.1982); Jones v. Den Norske Amerikalinje A/S, 451 F.2d 985, 986-87 (3d Cir.1971).
We agree with the Ninth Circuit’s approach, and adopt the rule that a judgment in a consolidated action that does not dispose of all claims shall not operate as a final, appealable judgment under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. To obtain review of one part of a consolidated action, appellant must obtain certification under Fed.R.Civ.P. 54(b). In this circuit, Rule 54(b) certification must precede filing of the notice of appeal. See A.O. Smith Corp. v. Sims Consolidated Ltd., 647 F.2d 118, 121 (10th Cir.1981); but see Freeman v. Hittle, 747 F.2d 1299, 1301 (9th Cir.1984).
Our adoption of any other rule would lead to the same piecemeal review Rule 54(b) seeks to prevent. We reject the flexible approach of considering the nature of the consolidation in each individual case because “it is essential that the point at which a judgment is final be crystal clear because appellate rights depend upon it.” Huene, 743 F.2d at 704. Moreover, the flexible approach makes the appellate court the arbiter of the nature and purpose of consolidation, rather than the district court. The district court “is best able to assess the original purpose of the consolidation and whether an interim appeal would frustrate that purpose.” Id.
We enunciate here a new rule for this circuit, in the context of differing rules in.other circuits. Since plaintiff did not file a second notice of appeal following the district court’s Rule 54(b) certification, our dismissal of this appeal would result in no hearing for plaintiff on the merits. Retroactive application of this rule thus would work a substantial inequity on the plaintiff. We decline to do so. See Thomas v. Metroflight, Inc., 814 F.2d 1506, 1512 (10th Cir.1987); EEOC v. Gaddis, 733 F.2d 1373, 1376 (10th Cir.1984). Therefore, the district court’s entry of summary judgment against plaintiff in the instant case will be considered final on the date it was entered. The plaintiff’s timely notice of appeal from the district court’s entry of summary judgment therefore confers appellate jurisdiction.
The appellant is directed to file his opening brief within thirty days of the date of this opinion.