green
Positive treatment
3.4 score
Treatment trajectory · 1985 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1985
2005
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 11 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited "see"
National Ass'n for Advancement of Colored People, Inc. (NAACP) v. Austin
See Ketchum v. Byrne, 740 F.2d 1398, 1415-16 (7th Cir.1984) (explaining selection of 65% as a standard for electoral effectiveness), cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1135 , 105 S.Ct. 2673 , 86 L.Ed.2d 692 (1985).
cited
Cited "see"
Political Action Conference of Illinios v. Daley
See Ketchum v. Byrne, 740 F.2d 1398 (7th Cir.1984), cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1135 , 105 S.Ct. 2673 , 86 L.Ed.2d 692 (1985), on remand, 630 F.Supp. 551 (N.D.Ill.1985).
discussed
Cited "see"
De Grandy v. Wetherell
(2×)
See Ketchum v. Byrne, 740 F.2d 1398 (7th Cir.1984), cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1135 , 105 S.Ct. 2673 , 86 L.Ed.2d 692 (1985) The court found in Ketchum that "minorities must have something more than a mere majority even of voting age population in order to have a reasonable opportunity to elect a representative of their choice." Ketchum, 740 F.2d at 1413 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Emison v. Growe
(2×)
See Ketchum v. Byrne, 740 F.2d 1398, 1413-15 (7th Cir.1984), cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1135 [ 105 S.Ct. 2673 , 86 L.Ed.2d 692 ] (1985); In re Congressional Districts [Reapportionment] Cases, No. 81 [sic] 81 C 3915, slip op. at 14 (N.D.Ill.
discussed
Cited "see"
Hastert v. State Board of Elections
See Ketchum v. Byrne, 740 F.2d 1398, 1413-15 (7th Cir.1984), cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1135 , 105 S.Ct. 2673 , 86 L.Ed.2d 692 (1985); In re Congressional Districts Cases, No. 81 81 C 3915, slip op. at 14 (N.D.Ill.
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Irvin
Subsequent to the amendments, circuit courts have held that plaintiffs may carry their burden by “fulfilling either the more restrictive intent test or the results test ...” McMillan v. Escambia County, 748 F.2d 1037, 1046 (5th Cir.1984); see Ketchum v. Byrne, 740 F.2d 1398, 1406-1409 (7th Cir.1984), cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1135 , 105 S.Ct. 2673 , 86 L.Ed.2d 692 (1985).
discussed
Cited "see"
Neal v. Coleburn
See Ketchum v. Byrne, 740 F.2d 1398 , 1408 n. 8, 1409 (7th Cir.1984), cert. denied 471 U.S. 1135 , 105 S.Ct. 2673 , 86 L.Ed.2d 692 (1985); Gingles v. Edmisten, 590 F.Supp. 345, 355 (E.D.N.C.1984) (three-judge court); Nevett v. Sides, 571 F.2d 209, 219 (5th Cir.1978); Robinson v. Commissioners Court, 505 F.2d 674 (5th Cir.1974).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Euclid City School Board
See, e.g., Ketchum v. Byrne, 740 F.2d 1398, 1415 (7th Cir.1984), cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1135 , 105 S.Ct. 2673 , 86 L.Ed.2d 692 (1985).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Jeffers v. Clinton
(2×)
See e.g., Ket-chum v. Byrne, 740 F.2d 1398, 1401 (7th Cir.1984, cert. denied sub nom., City Council of Chicago v. Ketchum 471 U.S. 1135 , 105 S.Ct. 2673 , 86 L.Ed.2d 692 (1985)); Gingles v. Edmisten, 590 F.Supp. 345, 350 (E.D.N.C.1984), aff'd in part and rev’d in part, Thornburg v. Gingles, 478 U.S. 30 , 106 S.Ct. 2752 , 92 L.Ed.2d 25 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Charles Wesley and the Natural Rights Center v. David A. Collins, Coordinator of Elections and W.J. Michael Cody, Attorney General of Tennessee
See also Ketchum v. Byrne, 740 F.2d 1398 , 1408 and n. 8 (7th Cir.1984) cert. denied sub nom., City Council of Chicago v. Ketchum, — U.S. —, 105 S.Ct. 2673 , 86 L.Ed.2d 692 (1984) (discussion of racial “packing” and "fracturing” in districting). 5 .The "typical factors” listed in the Senate Judiciary Report include, but are not limited to: 1. the extent of any history of official discrimination in the state or political subdivision that touched the right of the members of the minority group to register, to vote, or otherwise to participate in the democratic process; 2. the extent t…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Marshall, Superintendent, Southern Ohio Correctional Facility
v.
Mathews
v.
Mathews
No. 84-1636.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jun 3, 1985.
Cited by 84 opinions | Published
C. A. 6th Cir. Motion of respondent for leave to proceed in forma pauperis and certio-rari granted.