green
Positive treatment
9.0 score
Treatment trajectory · 1977 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1977
2001
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 31 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
examined
Cited "but see"
United States v. Antonio Ruben Inigo, United States of America v. Raul Armando Giordano, United States of America v. Bruno Skerianz
(4×)
also: Cited "see"
In other words, the victim must reasonably think the threatened loss makes it worth his while to play the extortioner’s game. 8 See Addonizio, 451 F.2d at 72 ; but see United States v. Brecht, 540 F.2d 45, 52 (2d Cir.1976) (an arguably broader statement of the standard concerning the loss of a single contract to a publishing company where there was no indication that the inability to obtain this particular contract would impair the company’s well-being was sufficient to establish fear under the Hobbs Act), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977). 1.
discussed
Cited "see"
Van v. Anderson
(2×)
See Foster v. Laredo Newspapers, Inc., 541 S.W.2d 809, 819 (Tex.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977).
discussed
Cited "see"
Harper v. Newton
(2×)
See Foster v. Laredo Newspapers, Inc., 541 S.W.2d 809, 819-20 (Tex.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Private San. Indus. Ass'n of nassau/suffolk
(2×)
See United States v. Brecht, 540 F.2d 45, 52 (2d Cir.1976) (“[T]he element of ‘fear’ required by the [Hobbs] Act can be satisfied by putting the victim in fear of economic loss.”), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977).
cited
Cited "see"
Cutler v. Raymark Industries, Inc.
See Johnson v. Robison, 415 U.S. 361, 367 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 1165, 39 L.Ed.2d 389 (1974); First Family Mortgage Corp. v. Durham, 108 N.J. 277, 290 , 528 A.2d 1288, 1294 (1987).
cited
Cited "see"
McLean v. McLean
Bullard, 312 N.C. at 140 , 322 S.E. 2d at 376 ; see State v. Phifer, 290 N.C. 203, 213 , 225 S.E. 2d 786, 793 (1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 51 L.Ed. 2d 573 (1977).
discussed
Cited "see"
Raymond J. Donovan v. Westside Local 174
See Usery v. Local Union No. 639, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, 543 F.2d 369, 374 (D.C.Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1159 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977). 19 While trying to achieve its goal to ensure democratic elections, congressional concern was focused on limited intervention into union activities: 20 The legislative history shows that Congress weighed how best to legislate against revealed abuses in union elections without departing needlessly from its long-standing policy against unnecessary governmental intrusion into internal union affairs.
cited
Cited "see"
Donovan v. Westside Local 174
See Usery v. Local Union No. 639, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, 543 F.2d 369, 374 (D.C.Cir.1976), cer t. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1159 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977).
discussed
Cited "see"
Lajuan and Billy Wood v. Hustler Magazine, Inc.
(2×)
See Foster v. Laredo Newspapers, Inc., *1091 541 S.W.2d 809, 819 (Tex.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977); Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc., 455 F.Supp. 406 , 412 n. 2 (E.D.Pa.1978); Wade, supra, 48 Miss.L.J. at 706.
discussed
Cited "see"
Triangle Publications, Inc. v. Chumley
See Foster v. Laredo Newspapers, 541 SW2d 809 (Tex. 1976), cert. denied, 429 U. S. 1123 (1977); Comment, Defamation and State Constitutions: The Search for a State Law Based Standard After Gertz, 19 Willamette L.
discussed
Cited "see"
Monzillo v. Biller
See Usery v. Local Union No. 639 International Brotherhood of Teamsters, 543 F.2d 369 , 382 n. 34 (D.C.Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1159 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977); Ratner v. Bakery and Confectionary Workers International Union, 354 F.2d 504 (D.C.Cir.1965).
discussed
Cited "see"
Gerard Monzillo, Members of American Postal Workers Union, Afl-Cio v. Morris Biller, Members of National Executive Board of the American Postal Workers Union, Afl-Cio, Trine Council, Members of American Postal Workers Union, Cross-Appellants v. Morris Biller, Members of National Executive Board of the American Postal Workers Union, Afl-Cio, Cross-Appellees
See Usery v. Local Union No. 639 International Brotherhood of Teamsters, 543 F.2d 369 , 382 n. 34 (D.C.Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1159 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977); Ratner v. Bakery and Confectionary Workers International Union, 354 F.2d 504 (D.C.Cir.1965).
discussed
Cited "see"
Charles J. Bufalino, Jr. v. The Associated Press
(2×)
See Foster v. Laredo Newspapers, Inc., 541 S.W.2d 809, 815-16 (Texas 1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977); Ocala Star-Banner Co. v. Damron, 221 So.2d 459 (Fla. App.1969), appeal dismissed, 231 So.2d 822 (Fla.1970), rev'd on other grounds, 401 U.S. 295 , 91 S.Ct. 628 , 28 L.Ed.2d 57 (1971).
examined
Cited "see"
United States v. Joseph M. Margiotta
(4×)
See United States v. Brecht, 540 F.2d 45, 52 (2d Cir. 1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
(2×)
See generally United States v. Brecht, 540 F.2d 45, 52 (2d Cir. 1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977); United States v. Tolub, 309 F.2d 286 (2d Cir. 1962). 67 Clemente also attacks the sufficiency of the evidence admitted against him in connection with the Hobbs Act violations.
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Clemente
(2×)
See generally United States v. Brecht, 540 F.2d 45, 52 (2d Cir. 1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977); United States v. Tolub, 309 F.2d 286 (2d Cir. 1962).
cited
Cited "see"
Perrin v. United States
See United States v. Brecht, 540 F. 2d 45, 50 (CA2 1976), cert. denied, 429 U. S. 1123 (1977).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. John R. Moynagh, Jr.
(2×)
See United States v. Brecht, 540 F.2d 45 , 50 n. 10 (2d Cir. 1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977); United States v. Mascuch, 111 F.2d 602, 603 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 311 U.S. 650 , 61 S.Ct. 14 , 85 L.Ed. 416 (1940).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Van Der Linden v. Khan
(2×)
Van Der Linden argues that allowing the same evidence to prove falsity to also prove the requisite degree of fault would “return [us] to the strict liability theory the United States Supreme Court found to be inconsistent with First Amendment protections in Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323 , 94 S.Ct. 2997 , 41 L.Ed.2d 789 (1974); see also[ ] Foster [v. Laredo Newspapers, Inc.], 541 S.W.2d [809,] 819 [ (Tex. 1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977) ].” This argument, while facially attractive, misses the point of Gertz.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
HBO v. Harrison
(2×)
See, e.g, Foster v. Laredo Newspapers, Inc., 541 S.W.2d 809, 811-12 (Tex.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Mitre v. La Plaza Mall
(2×)
Id. at 623; see also Foster v. Laredo Newspapers, Inc., 541 S.W.2d 809, 819 (Tex.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977) (establishing negligence as the standard of liability for a defamation action in Texas).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Mitre v. Brooks Fashion Stores, Inc.
(2×)
Wood v. Hustler Magazine, Inc., 736 F.2d 1084,1091-92 (5th Cir.1984), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1107 , 105 5.Ct. 783, 83 L.Ed.2d 777 (1985) (applying Texas law); Diamond Shamrock Refining and Marketing Co. v. Mendez, 809 S.W.2d 514, 520 (Tex.App.—San Antonio 1991, writ granted); see also Foster v. Laredo Newspapers, Inc., 541 S.W.2d 809, 819 (Tex. 1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977) (adopting negligence standard for defamation cases); C.T.W. v. B.C.G., 809 S.W.2d 788, 796 (Tex.App.—Beaumont 1991, no writ); Boyles v. Kerr, 806 S.W.2d 255, 259 (Tex.App.—…
examined
Cited "see, e.g."
Hinerman v. Daily Gazette Co., Inc.
(4×)
See also, Foster v. Larendo Newspapers, Inc., 541 S.W.2d 809 (Tex.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977); Ocala Star-Banner Co. v. Damron, 221 So.2d 459 (Fla.App.1969), appeal dismissed, 231 So.2d 822 (Fla.1970), rev’d on other grounds, 401 U.S. 295 , 91 S.Ct. 628 , 28 L.Ed.2d 57 (1971) (defamatory article nowhere mentioned the plaintiff's status as mayor or as candidate for public office); Guinn v. Texas Newspapers, Inc., 738 S.W.2d 303 (1987), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 1041 , 109 S.Ct. 864 , 102 L.Ed.2d 988 (1989) (defamatory article made no reference to pl…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
State v. Hall
(2×)
Id.; see also State v. Phifer, 290 N.C. 203 , 225 S.E.2d 786 (1976), cert. denied sub nom., Lawrence v. North Carolina, 429 U.S. 1050 , 97 S.Ct. 761 , 50 L.Ed.2d 766 (1977), and cert. denied, Phifer v. North Carolina, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States of America, Cross-Appellant v. Alfred Covino, Cross-Appellee
(2×)
“This circuit's case law on extortion by wrongful use of fear of economic loss is comprised of cases in which the evidence was plain that nonpayment would result in preclusion from or diminished opportunity for some existing or potential economic benefit.” Capo, 817 F.2d at 951 (emphasis added); see also United States v. Brecht, 540 F.2d 45, 52 (2d Cir.1976) (threat to deny opportunity to obtain future contract), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977). 2 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Leo Douglas Mims v. Teamsters Local No. 728
See Erkins v. Bryan, 785 F.2d 1538, 1547 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 107 S.Ct. 455 , 93 L.Ed.2d 402 (1986); see also Usery v. Local Union No. 639 Int'l Bhd. of Teamsters, 543 F.2d 369 , 382 (D.C.Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1159 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977), quoted with approval in Brennan v. United Steelworkers, 554 F.2d 586, 600 (3d Cir.1977), ce rt. denied, 435 U.S. 977 , 98 S.Ct. 1627 , 56 L.Ed.2d 71 (1978).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Raymond J. Donovan v. Csea Local Union 1000
The court reasoned that a successful Title I plaintiff, though primarily seeking to vindicate his own interests, also benefits his fellow union members by promoting the free speech rights guaranteed by Title I. 412 U.S. at 8 , 93 S.Ct. at 1947 ; see also Usery v. Local No. 639 International Brotherhood of Teamsters, 543 F.2d 369 , 382-83 (D.C.Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1159 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977) (citing "common benefit" awards in cases under Titles III and V of the LMRDA). 17 We believe that the logic of Hall and the LMRDA "common benefit" cases should be extended to a…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Donovan v. CSEA Local Union 1000, American Federation of State, County & Municipal Employees
The court reasoned that a successful Title I plaintiff, though primarily seeking to vindicate his own interests, also benefits his fellow union members by promoting the free speech rights guaranteed by Title I. 412 U.S. at 8 , 93 S.Ct. at 1947 ; see also Usery v. Local No. 639 International Brotherhood of Teamsters, 543 F.2d 369 , 382-83 (D.C.Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1159 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977) (citing “common benefit” awards in cases under Titles III and V of the LMRDA).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Donnell v. United States
See also Usery v. Local Union No. 639 Int’l Bhd. of Teamsters, 543 F.2d 369 , 388 (D.C.Cir.1976) upholding authority to award fees to intervenors under Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act because (“[t]he efforts of union member intervenors may be of considerable assistance to the court and the Secretary, warranting assessment against the party ultimately benefitted — the union membership”), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1123 , 97 S.Ct. 1159 , 51 L.Ed.2d 573 (1977). . 672 F.2d 1 (D.C.Cir.1982). .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
People v. Kacer
(See United States v Rastelli, supra, p 904; United States v Cerilli, 603 F2d 415; see, also, United States v Brecht, 540 F2d 45, cert den 429 US 1123 .) Distinctions like those drawn in Kubacki (supra) make no sense because extortion statutes seek to protect a broad range of interests from oppression by those with special powers.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Retail Store Employees Union, Local 1001 v. National Labor Relations Board
See also NLRB v. Insurance Agents' Int'l Union, supra note 96, 361 U.S. at 499 , 80 S.Ct. at 432, 4 L.Ed.2d at 470 99 Johnson v. Robison, 415 U.S. 361, 367 , 97 S.Ct. 1160 , 1165-1166, 39 L.Ed.2d 389, 398 (1974); United States v. Thirty-seven Photographs, 402 U.S. 363, 369 , 91 S.Ct. 1400, 1404-1405 , 28 L.Ed.2d 822, 830 (1971); United States v. Rumely, 345 U.S. 41, 45 , 73 S.Ct. 543, 545 , 97 L.Ed. 770, 775 (1953) 100 Tree Fruits, supra note 32, 377 U.S. at 62 , 84 S.Ct. at 1066 , 12 L.Ed.2d at 133 101 Id. at 63 , 84 S.Ct. at 1066 , 12 L.Ed.2d at 133 102 Id. at 76 , 84 S.Ct. at 1073 , 12 L.Ed…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Laredo Newspapers, Inc.
v.
Foster
v.
Foster
No. 76-926.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Feb 22, 1977.
Published
Sup. Ct. Tex. It appearing that there is no final judgment within the meaning of 28 U. S. C. § 1257, certiorari denied.