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Positive treatment
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Treatment trajectory · 1981 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1981
2003
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 39 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited "but see"
Edward Majewski, Executive of the Estate of Albert Z. Elkes v. B'nai B'rith International
But see Environmental Defense Fund, Inc. v. Costle, 631 F.2d 922, 927 (D.C.Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 923 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981) (quoted with approval in Buttrey v. United States, 690 F.2d 1170, 1175 (5th Cir.1982)) (recognizing that “it is possible for a term to have different meanings, even in the same statute”). 8 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Pepsi-Cola Co. v. Rhode Island Carpenters District Council
See Frito-Lay, Inc. v. Local Union No. 137, Int'l Bhd. of Teamsters, 623 F.2d 1354, 1364 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981); see also Matson Plastering Co., Inc. v. Plasterers and Shophands Local No. 66, 852 F.2d 1200, 1202 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 994 , 109 S.Ct. 561 , 102 L.Ed.2d 586 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see"
Mullins v. Pfizer, Inc.
See Wardle v. Central Southeast & Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820 (7th Cir.1980) cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981); Calamia v. Spivey, 632 F.2d 1235 (5th Cir.1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Walls v. Armour Pharmaceutical Co.
See Timm v. Upjohn Co., 624 F.2d 536 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 921 , 66 L.Ed.2d 840 (1981), in which the court affirmed the trial court’s entry of judgment on a jury verdict finding a drug manufacturer negligent in its marketing and finding that such negligence was the proximate cause of plaintiffs injuries.
cited
Cited "see"
Northwestern National Life Insurance v. David
See, Wardle v Central States Pension Fund, 627 F. 2d 820, 829 (7th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 (1981); Ovitz v Jefferies & Co., 553 F. Supp. 300 (N.D.
cited
Cited "see"
Diduck v. Kaszycki & Sons Contractors, Inc.
See Wardle v. Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820, 828-29 (7th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Overcash v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield
See Wardle v. Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F. 2d 820, 829-30 (7th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed. 2d 841 (1981); Note, The Right to Jury Trial in Enforcement Actions Under Section 502(a)(1)(B) of ERISA, 96 Harv.
discussed
Cited "see"
Hawaii Ex Rel. Attorney General v. United States
State of Nevada v. United States, 731 F.2d 633, 635 (9th Cir.1984); see Park County Montana v. United States, 626 F.2d 718 , 720 & n. 6 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 923 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
cited
Cited "see"
Turner v. Leesona Corp.
See Wardle v. Central States, 627 F.2d 820, 829 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Borden, Inc. v. Florida East Coast Railway Company
See Ramos v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., 615 F.2d 334, 340 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 921 , 66 L.Ed.2d 840 (1981); Bailey v. Kawasaki-Kisen, K.K., 455 F.2d 392, 398 (5th Cir.1972).
discussed
Cited "see"
Borden, Inc. v. Florida East Coast Railway Co.
See Ramos v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., 615 F.2d 334 , 340 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 921 , 66 L.Ed.2d 840 (1981); Bailey v. Kawasaki-Kisen, K.K., 455 F.2d 392, 398 (5th Cir. 1972).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Gary Ray Carroll
See United States v. Manley, 632 F.2d 978, 987 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
Marathon Letourneau Company, Longview Division, Petitioner-Cross v. National Labor Relations Board, Respondent-Cross
See Ramos v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., 615 F.2d 334 (5th Cir.1980), ce rt. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 921 , 66 L.Ed.2d 840 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Wright v. United States
See Wardle v. Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820, 824 (7th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981); Torrence v. Chicago Tribune Co., Inc., 535 F.Supp. 743 (N.D.Ill.1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Kross v. Western Elec. Co., Inc.
See generally Wardle v. Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pen sion Fund, 627 F.2d 820, 828-30 (7th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981), where the Seventh Circuit discusses the differences between suits under Section 502(a)(1)(B) and those under Section 502(a)(3). 6 .
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Mark Steven Phillips and Richard Elliott Grant, Jr., United States of America v. Robert Jay Meinster, A/K/A \Robby\"
Proof of an attempt charge requires a showing that the defendant "engaged in conduct which constitutes a substantial step toward commission of the crime (and a) substantial step must be conduct strongly corroborative of the firmness of the defendant's criminal intent." United States v. Mandujano, 499 F.2d 370, 376 (5th Cir. 1974), cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1114 , 95 S.Ct. 792 , 42 L.Ed.2d 812 (1975); see United States v. Manley, 632 F.2d 978, 987 (2d Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Phillips
Proof of an attempt charge requires a showing that the defendant “engaged in conduct which constitutes a substantial step toward commission of the crime [and a] substantial step must be conduct strongly corroborative of the firmness of the defendant’s criminal intent.” United States v. Mandujano, 499 F.2d 370, 376 (5th Cir. 1974), cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1114 , 95 S.Ct. 792 , 42 L.Ed.2d 812 (1975); see United States v. Manley, 632 F.2d 978, 987 (2d Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Spencer
See United States v. Manley, 632 F.2d 978 (2d Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. James
Feb.14, 1989) and noting that arrest was made pursuant to complaint), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 1060 , 112 S.Ct. 940 , 117 L.Ed.2d 111 (1992); United States v. Escobar, 805 F.2d 68, 69, 71 (2d Cir.1986); see also United States v. Manley, 632 F.2d 978, 979-80, 987 (2d Cir.1980) (upholding sweep of home that officers mistakenly believed to be defendant’s residence), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Cambrelen
United States v. Mowad, 641 F.2d 1067, 1073 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 817 , 102 S.Ct. 94 , 70 L.Ed.2d 86 (1981); see, e.g., United States v. Manley, 632 F.2d 978, 988-89 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Lombard v. United States
See, e.g., Park County, Montana v. United States, 626 F.2d 718 , 721 n. 6 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 923 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981); Grosz v. Andrus, 556 F.2d 972, 975 (9th Cir.1977); Howell v. United States, 519 F.Supp. 298, 304-06 (N.D.Ga.1981). 4 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Hunt v. Hawthorne Associates, Inc.
See, e.g., Shannon, 113 53 See Wardle v. Central States, Southeast & Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820, 829 (7th Cir.1980) ("We conclude that Congress' silence on the jury right issue reflects an intention that suits for pension benefits by disappointed applicants are equitable."), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981); see also Sullivan v. LTV Aerospace and Defense Co., 82 F.3d 1251, 1258-59 (2d Cir.1996); Berry v. Ciba-Geigy Corp., 761 F.2d 1003, 1007 (4th Cir.1985); Turner v. CF & I Steel Corp., 770 F.2d 43 , 47 (3d Cir.1985), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 10…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Shaw v. Atlantic Coast Life Insurance
See, e.g., Wardle v. Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F. (2d) 820 (7th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed. (2d) 841 (1981); accord In re Vorpahl, 695 F. (2d) 318 (8th Cir. 1982); Calamia v. Spivey, 632 F. (2d) 1235 (5th Cir. 1980); Berry v. Ciba-Geigy Corp., 761 F. (2d) 1003 (4th Cir. 1985); Blake v. Unionmutual Stock Life Ins. of America, 906 F. (2d) 1525 (11th Cir. 1990); Bair v. General Motors Corp., 895 F. (2d) 1094 (6th Cir. 1990); Cox v. Keystone Carbon Co., 894 F. (2d) 647 (3d Cir. 1990), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 811 , 111 S.Ct…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Phillip Lauter
See also United States v. Manley, 632 F.2d 978, 983 (2d Cir.1980) (“the ‘reasonable belief standard ... may require less justification then the more familiar probable cause test”), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Sofo v. Pan-American Life Insurance
See, e.g., Wardle v. Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820 (7th Cir.1980), ce rt. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Norma C. Sofo v. Pan-American Life Insurance Company and National Insurance Services, Inc., Third Party Plaintiffs-Cross v. Contingency Resources, Inc., Third Party Defendant-Cross
See, e.g., Wardle v. Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820 (7th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
McDonald v. Artcraft Electric Supply Co.
The common law analogue to such claims, several courts have held, are actions for breach of a trustee’s fiduciary duty, a traditional equitable basis for relief. “[Under the common law of trusts proceedings to determine rights under employee benefit plans are equitable in character and thus a matter for a judge, not a jury.” Berry v. Ciba-Geigy Corp., 761 F.2d 1003, 1007 (4th Cir.1985); accord Calamia v. Spivey, supra at 1237; see also, In re Vorpahl, 695 F.2d 318, 321 (8th Cir.1982) (“ ‘suits under the law of trusts ... have been considered equitable in character.’ ” (quoting Wa…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Steeples v. Time Insurance
See also Berry v. Ciba-Geigy Corp., 761 F.2d 1003 (4th Cir.1985), Blau v. Del Monte Corp., 748 F.2d 1348 (9th Cir.1984), Katsaros v. Cody, 744 F.2d 270 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1072 , 105 S.Ct. 565 , 83 L.Ed.2d 506 (1984), In re Vorpahl, 695 F.2d 318 (8th Cir.1982), Calamia v. Spivey, 632 F.2d 1235 (5th Cir.1980), Wardle v. Central States Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820 (7th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981), and Howard v. Parisian, Inc., 807 F.2d 1560 (11th Cir.1987). .
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Weinfurther v. Source Services Corp. Employees Profit Sharing Plan & Trust
See e.g., Wardle v. Central States, Southeast & Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820 (7th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Jose Javier Valencia and Ivan Dario Martinez-Valencia
See, e.g., United States v. Manley, 632 F.2d 978, 988 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981); United States v. August, 835 F.2d 76, 77-78 (5th Cir.1987); United States v. Wagner, 884 F.2d 1090, 1095-96 (8th Cir.1989), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 110 S.Ct. 1829 , 108 L.Ed.2d 958 (1990); United States v. Savaiano, 843 F.2d 1280 , 1297 n. 6 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 836 , 109 S.Ct. 99 , 102 L.Ed.2d 74 (1988); Manual of Model Criminal Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit § 5.03 (1989). 16 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Defenders of Wildlife the Sierra Club and Friends of Animals and Their Environment v. Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency and Secretary, Department of the Interior, and American Farm Bureau Federation, a Nonprofit Corporation, Intervenor-Defendant Below. Defenders of Wildlife the Sierra Club and Friends of Animals and Their Environment v. Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency and Secretary, Department of the Interior, and American Farm Bureau Federation, a Nonprofit Corporation
Sec. 136n(a) (1982); see also Environmental Defense Fund, Inc. v. Costle, 631 F.2d 922, 935 (D.C.Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 923 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981). 16 Through FIFRA, Congress implemented a comprehensive framework that balances agricultural and environmental concerns.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Defenders of Wildlife v. Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency
See 7 U.S.C. § 136n(a) (1982); see also Environmental Defense Fund, Inc. v. Costle, 631 F.2d 922, 935 (D.C.Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 923 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Hickman v. Tosco Corporation
"Federal courts may overturn a decision of private pension fund fiduciaries only if the decision is arbitrary, capricious or an abuse of discretion." Lawrence v. Westerhaus, 780 F.2d 1321, 1322 (8th Cir.1985); see also Wardle v. Central States, Southeast & Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820, 823-24 (7th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981). "[B]enefit determinations cannot be arbitrary and capricious as a matter of law if those decisions contain no element of discretion.... [A]n administrator who strictly adheres to the lawful terms of an emplo…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Hickman v. Tosco Corp.
“Federal courts may overturn a decision of private pension fund fiduciaries only if the decision is arbitrary, capricious or an abuse of discretion.” Lawrence v. Westerhaus, 780 F.2d 1321, 1322 (8th Cir.1985); see also Wardle v. Central States, Southeast & Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820, 823-24 (7th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981). “[B]enefit determinations cannot be arbitrary and capricious as a matter of law if those decisions contain no element of dis-cretion_ [A]n administrator who strictly adheres to the lawful terms of an e…
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Glenston P. Laws
See, e.g., United States v. Manley, 632 F.2d 978, 985-986 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Farrow v. Montgomery Ward Long Term Disability Plan
(See Berry v. Ciba-Geigy Corp. (4th Cir. 1985) 761 F.2d 1003, 1007 [if court believes administrator lacked adequate evidence, proper course is to remand to trustees for a new determination]; see also Wardle v. Central States, etc. (7th Cir. 1980) 627 F.2d 820, 824 , cert. den. (1981) 449 U.S. 1112 [ 66 L.Ed.2d 841 , 101 S.Ct. 922 ].) The judgment of the superior court is reversed, and the matter is remanded to the Plan for reprocessing of Farrow’s claim for disability benefits in accordance with the views expressed in this opinion.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Lee v. Dayton Power and Light Co.
See also Wardle v. Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Fund, 627 F.2d 820, 823-24 (7th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981). 11 Since the plan administrator in this case interpreted the plan provisions and omissions in a rational, logical manner, this Court cannot find, as Plaintiffs would have it, that Social Security offsets as calculated in 1980, the year in which William Lee’s disability status commenced, are the appropriate offsets in computing William Lee’s early retirement benefit or the survivor’s benefit of his spouse, …
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
James W. Sly and Schorling Schneider on Behalf of Themselves and All Others Similarly Situated v. P.R. Mallory & Company, Inc.
See also Wardle v. Central States, etc., 627 F.2d 820, 823-24 (7 Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981), and Reiherzer v. Shannon, 581 F.2d 1266, 1272 (7 Cir.1978).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Lelia Martinez v. Swift & Company and Esmark, Inc.
See also Wardle v. Central States, etc., 627 F.2d 820, 823-24 (7th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1112 , 101 S.Ct. 922 , 66 L.Ed.2d 841 (1981) (“arbitrary and capricious in light of the language of the Plan”), quoting Reiherzer v. Shannon, 581 F.2d 1266, 1272 (7th Cir. 1978).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Hanshaw
v.
California
v.
California
No. 80-719.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jan 19, 1981.
Published
Ct. App. Cal., 4th App. Dist. Certiorari denied.