Robert W. Kirk & Assocs., Inc. v. Holcomb, 459 U.S. 1170 (1983). · Go Syfert
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Robert W. Kirk & Assocs., Inc. v. Holcomb, 459 U.S. 1170 (1983). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
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cited 3× by 1 distinct case · “A corporation may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under RICO.”
214 citation events (8 in the last 25 years) across 70 distinct courts.
Negative lean: 10th, 2nd  ·  Positive lean: 11th, 3rd, 7th
Strongest positive: United States v. Ames Sintering Co. Jose (Joseph) 1. Cornudella Patrick L. Dillon (ca6, 1990-10-17) · Strongest negative: Crowe v. Smith (lawd, 1994-03-28)
Treatment trajectory · 1984 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1984 2005 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited "but see" Crowe v. Smith
W.D. La. · 1994 · signal: but see · confidence high
See, e.g., Landry v. Air Line Pilots Ass’n Int’l AFL-CIO, 901 F.2d 404, 425 (5th Cir.1990), ce rt. denied, 498 U.S. 895 , 111 S.Ct. 244 , 112 L.Ed.2d 203 ; Bishop v. Corbitt Marine Ways, Inc., 802 F.2d 122, 122-23 (5th Cir.1986) (cataloging the circuits addressing this issue); but see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" State v. Ivanhoe
Ariz. Ct. App. · 1990 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 989-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) and 459 U.S. 1183 , 103 S.Ct. 834 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" Amendolare v. Schenkers International Forwarders, Inc.
E.D.N.Y · 1990 · signal: but see · confidence high
See, e.g., Haroco, Inc. v. American National Bank & Trust Co., 747 F.2d 384, 400 (7th Cir.1984); United States v. Computer Sciences Corp., 689 F.2d 1181, 1190 (4th Cir.1982); but see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" Busby v. Crown Supply, Inc.
4th Cir. · 1990 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11 Cir.1982) (the only circuit holding that the person and enterprise need not be dis tinct for § 1962(c) purposes), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983). .
cited Cited "but see" Hall American Center Associates Ltd. Partnership v. Dick
E.D. Mich. · 1989 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "but see" Babst v. Morgan Keegan & Co.
E.D. La. · 1988 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) (no distinction required).
cited Cited "but see" Bumgarner v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield of Kansas, Inc.
D. Kan. · 1988 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "but see" Smith v. MCI Telecommunications Corp.
D. Kan. · 1987 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed. 2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "but see" Levine v. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1986 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" Abelson v. Strong
D. Mass. · 1986 · signal: but see · confidence high
Bennett v. United States Trust Co. of New York, 770 F.2d 308, 315 (2d Cir.1985) (citing cases), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 106 S.Ct. 800 , 88 L.Ed.2d 776 (1986); but see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" United States v. George I. Benny
9th Cir. · 1986 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) (corporation may be both liable “person” and related “enterprise”).
discussed Cited "but see" Grant v. Union Bank
D. Utah · 1986 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.) (“A corporation may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under RICO.”), reh. denied, 688 F.2d 852 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "but see" Fustok v. Conticommodity Services, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1985 · signal: but see · confidence high
Hirsch v. Enright Refining Company, Inc., 751 F.2d 628, 633-34 (3rd Cir.1984); Haroco v. American National Bank and Trust Company, 747 F.2d 384, 399-402 (7th Cir.1984), aff'd on other grounds, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 3291 , 87 L.Ed.2d 437 (1985); United States v. Computer Sciences Corp., 689 F.2d 1181, 1190-91 (4th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1105 , 103 S.Ct. 729 , 74 L.Ed.2d 953 (1983); Bennet v. Berg, 685 F.2d 1053, 1061-62 (8th Cir.1982), aff'd on rehearing, 710 F.2d 1361 (en banc), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 1008 , 104 S.Ct. 527 , 78 L.Ed.2d 710 (1983); but see United States v. Hartley, 67…
discussed Cited "but see" Richard D. BENNETT and Carole A. Bennett, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. UNITED STATES TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK, Defendant-Appellee
2d Cir. · 1985 · signal: but see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a corporation may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under rico.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. Ames Sintering Co. Jose (Joseph) 1. Cornudella Patrick L. Dillon
6th Cir. · 1990 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
he fiction was never intended to prohibit the imposition of criminal liability by allowing a corporation or its agents to hide behind the identity of the other.
discussed Cited "see" Moore v. Hofbauer
E.D. Mich. · 2001 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 634 (7th Cir.1982), cert, denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983) (citing Barker v. Wingo, 407 U.S. 514, 530 , 92 S.Ct. 2182 , 33 L.Ed.2d 101 (1972)).
cited Cited "see" DeWane v. McGinty (In Re McGinty)
Bankr. N.D. Miss. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See, United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "see" Hoefer v. Fluor Daniel, Inc.
C.D. Cal. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 971-72 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983). 5 .
cited Cited "see" Hoefer v. Fluor Daniel, Inc.
C.D. Cal. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 971-72 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983). 5 .
cited Cited "see" Kimberlin v. Dewalt
D. Maryland · 1998 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983). 48 .
discussed Cited "see" Gilbert W. Galvan v. John M. Hurley
7th Cir. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 634 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 (1983); Bryant v. Grinner, 563 F.2d 871, 872 (7th Cir.1977) (dictum); Sutherland v. McCall, 709 F.2d 730, 732 (D.C.Cir.1983); Northington v. United States Parole Comm'n, 587 F.2d 2 (6th Cir.1978); Smith v. United States, 577 F.2d 1025 (5th Cir.1978).
cited Cited "see" Marshall v. City of Atlanta (In re Air Terminal Enterprises, Inc.)
Bankr. N.D. Ga. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986 , reh’g denied, 688 F.2d 852 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); see also 18 U.S.C. § 1961 (4).
cited Cited "see" Marshall v. City of Atlanta
N.D. Ga. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986 , reh'g denied, 688 F.2d 852 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); see also 18 U.S.C. § 1961 (4).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Hernan Francisco Perez-Tosta, Gustavo Javier Correa-Patino, Erasmo Perez-Aguilera, Luis Guillermo Rojas-Valdez
11th Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 977 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); compare Fed.R.Crim.P. 16(d)(2) 'with Fed.R.Evid. 404(b).
discussed Cited "see" Juan Rivera v. United States
7th Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 634 (7th Cir.1982) (four-month delay not unreasonable per se but raises due process questions), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 (1983). 23 The second factor is the reason for the delay.
cited Cited "see" United States v. Lively
D. Del. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Scarfo, 685 F.2d 842, 849 (3d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" Gelb v. American Telephone & Telegraph Co.
S.D.N.Y. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See H.J., Inc. v. Northwestern Bell Telephone Co., 954 F.2d 485, 491 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 112 S.Ct. 2306 , 119 L.Ed.2d 228 (1992) (explaining nonapplication of filed rate doctrine in City of Kirkwood v. Union Electric Co., 671 F.2d 1173 (8th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 814 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 .(1983), in that antitrust damages based on price squeeze did not conflict with agency control over rates because plaintiff did not challenge reasonableness determinations); Gulf States Utilities Co. v. Alabama Power Co., 824 F.2d 1465, 1471-72 (5th Cir.1987) (stating …
cited Cited "see" Yellow Bus Lines, Inc. v. Drivers, Chauffeurs & Helpers Local Union 639 James F. Woodward v. Michael Dipalermo Maria Triggs, Secretary/treasurer, Yellow Bus Lines
D.C. Cir. · 1990 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 989-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "see" Yellow Bus Lines, Inc. v. Drivers, Chauffeurs & Helpers Local Union 639
D.C. Cir. · 1990 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 989-90 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Gambino
S.D.N.Y. · 1990 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 992 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Aleman, 609 F.2d 298, 306 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 946 , 100 S.Ct. 1345 , 63 L.Ed.2d 780 (1980); United States v. Rone, 598 F.2d 564, 571 (9th Cir. 1979).
cited Cited "see" Posey v. Bank of Shaw (In Re Posey)
Bankr. N.D. Miss. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See, United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Jose Antonio Giraldo
2d Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 977 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Fed.R.Crim.P. 16 Advisory Committee Note.
discussed Cited "see" Patrick Leo Edwards v. Calvin Edwards
6th Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 633 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 (1983). 7 Therefore, we affirm the district court's judgment denying the petition pursuant to Rule 9(b)(5), Rules of the Sixth Circuit.
discussed Cited "see" State v. Johnson
N.M. Ct. App. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Rone, 598 F.2d 564 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 946 , 100 S.Ct. 1345 , 63 L.Ed.2d 780 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Coleman v. Stobbs
Ohio · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hanahan v. Luther (C.A.7, 1982), 693 F. 2d 629, 634 , certiorari denied (1983), 459 U.S. 1170 .
cited Cited "see" Faheem-El v. Klincar
N.D. Ill. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 634 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983).
discussed Cited "see" James E. Peterson v. Harold Kennedy, Richard A. Berthelsen, and National Football League Players Association (2×)
9th Cir. · 1985 · signal: accord · confidence high
The Court reiterated that “the legislative history of § 301 clearly reveals Congress’ intent to shield individual employees from liability for damages arising from their breach of ... a collective bargaining agreement.” Id. at 407, 101 S.Ct. at 1840 ; accord Hardline Electric, Inc. v. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, Local 1547, 680 F.2d 622 , 624 n. 1 (9th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 814 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983).
cited Cited "see" Faheem-El v. Klincar
N.D. Ill. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 634-35 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983).
cited Cited "see, e.g." Downie v. Klincar
N.D. Ill. · 1991 · signal: see also · confidence low
Id. at 483 , 92 S.Ct. at 2601 ; see also Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 633 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983); United States ex rel.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." In Re Wedtech Corp.
Bankr. S.D.N.Y. · 1988 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare Medallion TV Enterprises, Inc. v. SelectTV of California, Inc., 627 F.Supp. 1290, 1294-95 (C.D.Cal.1986) (collecting cases), affirmed, 833 F.2d 1360 (9th Cir.1987) (separate person) with United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 1183, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 834, 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 , 1027 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Gerardo v. NJ State Parole Bd.
N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. · 1987 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F. 2d 629, 635 (7th Cir.1982), cert. den. 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed. 2d 1013 (1983) *452 (eight month delay in parole revocation hearing not violative of due process).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Minnesota Odd Fellows Home Foundation v. Engler & Budd Co.
D. Minnesota · 1986 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare Bennett v. Berg with United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir. 1982) (entity “may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under RICO”), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Schofield v. First Commodity Corp. of Boston
D. Mass. · 1985 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11th Cir.1982) (corporation can be defendant and “enterprise” in criminal RICO prosecution), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 1183, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 834, 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Bernstein v. IDT Corp., 582 F.Supp. 1079, 1082-84 (D.Del.1984) (respondeat superior applies in civil RICO case to make employer/“enterprise” potentially liable for violations of employee/“person”); B.F.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Griffin v. O'Neal, Jones & Feldman, Inc.
S.D. Ohio · 1985 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Benny, 559 F.Supp. 264 (N.D.Cal.1983). 4 But a sufficient number has approved and adopted our reasoning, 5 and we are satisfied that, until a contrary decision issues from our parent circuit or the Supreme Court, our thinking remains sound.
cited Cited "see, e.g." Greenwood Utilities Commission v. Mississippi Power Company, Greenwood Utilities Commission v. Mississippi Power Company
5th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., City of Kirkwood v. Union Electric Co., 671 F.2d 1173 (8th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 814 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Tommy Lynn Weathersby v. Conoco Oil Company, Conoco Oil Company v. Global Marine, and National Supply Company
5th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see also · confidence low
Note, Contractual Indemnity Under Maritime and Louisiana Law, 43 La.L.Rev. 189 (1982); see also Boudreaux v. American Workover, Inc., 664 F.2d 463, 466 (5th Cir.1981), on reh’g en banc, 680 F.2d 1034 (5th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Pippen v. Shell Oil Co., 661 F.2d 378, 384 (5th Cir.1981). 2 .
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States of America, Cross-Appellant v. Frank Romano and Thomas Romano, Cross-Appellees. In Re United States of America
11th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Copperweld Corp. v. Independence Tube Corp. (2×)
SCOTUS · 1984 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also, e. g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F. 2d 961, 971-972 (CA11 1982), cert. denied, 459 U. S. 1170 (1983); Alamo Fence Co. of Houston v. United States, 240 F. 2d 179 (CA5 1957); Patterson v. United States, 222 F. 599, 618-619 (CA6), cert. denied, 238 U. S. 635 (1915); Union Pacific Coal Co. v. United States, 173 F. 737 (CA8 1909); United States v. Consolidated Coal Co., 424 F. Supp. 577, 579-581 (SD Ohio 1976); United States v. Griffin, 401 F. Supp. 1222, 1224-1225 (SD Ind. 1975), aff'd mem. sub nom.
cited Cited "see, e.g." Lindquist v. Department of Labor & Industries
Wash. Ct. App. · 1984 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Schwabenland v. Sanger Boats, 683 F.2d 309 (9th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 74 L.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Saine v. A.I.A., Inc.
D. Colo. · 1984 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Benny, 559 F.Supp. 264 (N.D.Cal.1983).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Robert W. Kirk & Associates, Inc.
v.
Holcomb
No. 81-1109.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jan 24, 1983.
459 U.S. 1170
Published
2 passages pin-cited by 2 cases
Pinpoint authority: bottom 89%
Citer courts: Second Circuit (1) · Sixth Circuit (1)

C. A. 11th Cir. Certiorari denied.