Ruben v. United States, 452 U.S. 920 (1981). · Go Syfert
Ruben v. United States, 452 U.S. 920 (1981). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
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cited 2× by 1 distinct case, last quoted 1984 · …jury must be instructed as to the defense theory of the case ⚠ not in text
129 citation events (6 in the last 25 years) across 32 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Beall v. Cockrell (txnd, 2001-10-18)
Treatment trajectory · 1981 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1981 2003 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 25 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Beall v. Cockrell
N.D. Tex. · 2001 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
dilatoriness, standing alone, does not provide a sufficient basis for granting the writ
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Howard L. Bashor v. Henry Risley, Warden of Montana State Prison and Michael Greely, Attorney General for the State of Montana (2×)
9th Cir. · 1984 · quote attribution · 2 verbatim quotes · confidence low
jury must be instructed as to the defense theory of the case
discussed Cited "see" Woods v. State
Ala. Crim. App. · 1991 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny , 645 F.2d 1323 (9th Cir. 1981), cert. denied 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981); United States v. Nashawaty , 571 F.2d 71 (1st Cir. 1978); State v. Smith , 294 N.C. 365 , 241 S.E.2d 674 (1978).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Gerald Michael Dini
9th Cir. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1340-42 (9th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981); see also United States v. Whitman, 771 F.2d 1348, 1352 (9th Cir.1985).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Kelly Rollins and Dan Slaughter
7th Cir. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1340 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981) (collecting cases) (to the extent that defendant adopted informant’s half of the conversation, it can be treated as a group of adoptive admissions by the defendant, admissible under Rule 801(d)(2)(B)).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Jay Turoff, Alan Silver and Harriet Silver
2d Cir. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1344 (9th Cir.) (“[T]he tax evasion charges ... arose directly and solely out of unreported income flowing from the illicit contracting activities.”), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Russell Zangger
8th Cir. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1347 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Gregory Lewis
9th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1345 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981). 4 .
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Jude R. Hayes (2×)
9th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Wellington, 754 F.2d 1457, 1463 (9th Cir.) (Wellington ), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 106 S.Ct. 593 , 88 L.Ed.2d 573 (1985). "[I]t is not error to refuse a proposed instruction so long as the other instructions in their entirety cover that theory." United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1337 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981). 7 The district court has broad discretion in formulating the instructions and need not give an instruction in the precise language proposed by the defendant.
discussed Cited "see" Fed. Sec. L. Rep. P 92,552 United States of America v. Charles Richard Morse, United States of America v. Curtis Robert Richmond
9th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1334 (9th Cir.) (reversal for variance required only if prejudicial to substantial rights of parties), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981).
cited Cited "see" United States v. H. Daniel Whitman
9th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1342 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Larry Earl Bryant (2×)
9th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1343 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 , 454 U.S. 828 , 102 S.Ct. 121 , 70 L.Ed.2d 104 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Eugene Muzychka
3rd Cir. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1338 (9th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981); United States v. Zazzara, 626 F.2d 135, 138 (9th Cir. 1980) ; United States v. Nashawaty, 571 F.2d 71, 74-75 (1st Cir.1978); United States v. Sam Goody, Inc., 506 F.Supp. 380, 394 (E.D.N.Y. 1981) ; United States v. Matthews, 488 F.Supp. 374, 380-81 (D.Neb.1980). 10 .
cited Cited "see" United States v. Gerald M. Schaflander, United States of America v. Stephen M. Wright
9th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1343 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Craig C. Wirsing (2×)
6th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1336-37 (9th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Roy Moreno Ramirez, United States of America v. Robert H. Reynolds
9th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
Once the existence of a conspiracy is shown, “evidence establishing beyond a reasonable doubt a connection of a defendant with the conspiracy, even though the connection is slight, is sufficient to convict him with knowing participation in the conspiracy.” United States v. Dunn, 564 F.2d 348, 357 (9th Cir.1977) (emphasis in original); see United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1335 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Wayne Morris, United States of America v. Carl Graham
1st Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1337 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Benjamin Jamil
2d Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1339 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981); United States v. Massiah, 307 F.2d 62, 66 (2d Cir.1962), rev’d on constitutional grounds, 377 U.S. 201 , 84 S.Ct. 1199 , 12 L.Ed.2d 246 (1964) .
cited Cited "see" United States v. Spawr Optical Research, Inc., a Corporation, Walter J. Spawr and Frances A. Spawr, Individuals
9th Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1334 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Robert Steven Lujan
9th Cir. · 1991 · signal: see also · confidence low
We review the evidence in the light most favorable to the Government to determine if “any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of [conspiracy] beyond a reasonable doubt.” Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319 , 99 S.Ct. 2781, 2789 , 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979) (emphasis in original) (citation omitted); see also United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1335 (9th Cir.) (“whether a single conspiracy has been proved, rather than multiple conspiracies,” essentially concerns the “sufficiency of the evidence”), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 42…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Eid Hammad, A/K/A Eddie Hammad, and Taiseer Hammad
2d Cir. · 1988 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1339 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981); United States v. Lemonakis, 485 F.2d 941, 954-56 (D.C.Cir.1973), cer t. denied, 415 U.S. 989 , 94 S.Ct. 1586 , 39 L.Ed.2d 885 (1984); United States v. Massiah, 307 F.2d 62, 65-66 (2d Cir.1962), rev’d on other grounds, 377 U.S. 201 , 84 S.Ct. 1199 , 12 L.Ed.2d 246 (1964).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Oscar Fernando Cuevas
9th Cir. · 1988 · signal: see also · confidence low
United States v. Dela Espriella, 781 F.2d 1432, 1436 (9th Cir.1986); see also United States v. Orozco-Prada, 732 F.2d 1076, 1080 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 845 , 105 S.Ct. 155 , 83 L.Ed.2d 92 (1984). 33 There is also no dispute that appellant deposited more than nineteen million U.S. dollars (in small bills) at British banks from May to November 1984, and that sufficient evidence was introduced to support the jury's finding of a conspiracy to sell narcotics. 11 34 The only dispute is whether sufficient evidence was introduced to support the jury's finding that Cuevas knew that these vas…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Eid Hammad, A/K/A Eddie Hammad, and Taiseer Hammad
2d Cir. · 1988 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1339 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981); United States v. Lemonakis, 485 F.2d 941, 954-56 (D.C.Cir.1973), cer t. denied, 415 U.S. 989 , 94 S.Ct. 1586 , 39 L.Ed.2d 885 (1974); United States v. Massiah, 307 F.2d 62, 65-66 (2d Cir.1962), rev’d on other grounds, 377 U.S. 201 , 84 S.Ct. 1199 , 12 L.Ed.2d 246 (1964).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Dario Dicesare, United States of America v. Kathleen Flannery, United States of America v. Jose Marin (2×)
9th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1335 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Kenneth Joe Whitten, John Elmer Gaiefsky, Jack Wayne Gish, Richard Lawrence Shimel
9th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also United States v. Kenny, 645 F.2d 1323, 1339 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 3059 , 69 L.Ed.2d 425 (1981), (phone conversation recorded by party to conversation acting as government informant); United States v. Ortiz, 603 F.2d 76, 79 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1020 , 100 S.Ct. 678 , 62 L.Ed.2d 652 (1980) (inside of gas station visible from a public place); United States v. Coplen, 541 F.2d 211, 214-15 (9th Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1073 , 97 S.Ct. 810 , 50 L.Ed.2d 791 (1977) (interior of airplane visible from parking lot of airport); United State…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Ruben
v.
United States
No. 80-6663.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jun 8, 1981.
452 U.S. 920

C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.