discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. Yeje-Cabrera pérez-ruiz i

discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. Perez-Ruiz perez-ruiz i

discussed Cited "see" United States v. Gomez-Rosario See United States v. Perez-Ruiz, 353 F.3d 1, 15 (1st Cir.2003) (applying Apprendi to drug type and quantity determinations), cert denied, 541 U.S. 1005 , 124 S.Ct. 2058 , 158 L.Ed.2d 522 (2004). 13 After approximately three hours of deliberations, the jury sent a note asking the court to explain “the importance of 100 grams of heroin when the defendant is guilty or not guilty.” The court asked *104 counsel for a suggested response.

discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. White See United States v. Carter, 300 F.3d 415, 428 (4th Cir. 2002) (per curiam); see also United States v. Perez-Ruiz, 353 F.3d 1, 17 (1st Cir. 2003) (collecting cases), cert. denied, 124 S. Ct. 2058 (2004).9 9 We note that in Sullivan v. Louisiana, 508 U.S. 275 (1993), the Supreme Court held that a defective reasonable doubt instruction was a structural error because, due to that instruction, the defendant received "no jury verdict of guilty-beyond-a-reasonable doubt," and thus there was "no object . . . upon which harmless-error scrutiny [could] operate." Sullivan, 508 U.S. at 280 (emphasis omit…

discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Anthony Gerald White, Sr. (2×) See United States v. Carter, 300 F.3d 415, 428 (4th Cir.2002) (per curiam); see also United States v. Perez-Ruiz, 353 F.3d 1, 17 (1st Cir.2003) (collecting cases), cert. denied, 541 U.S. 1005 , 124 S.Ct. 2058 , 158 L.Ed.2d 522 (2004). 9 3.