United States v. Daniel Silva, Jr., 449 F.2d 145 (1st Cir. 1971). · Go Syfert
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United States v. Daniel Silva, Jr., 449 F.2d 145 (1st Cir. 1971). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
20 citation events across 15 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: State v. Kummer (nd, 1992-02-20)
Treatment trajectory · 1973 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1973 1999 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 9 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (rule) State v. Kummer (2×)
N.D. · 1992 · confidence medium
United States v. Dowdy, 479 F.2d 213, 229 (4th Cir.1973); United States v. Silva, 449 F.2d 145, 146 (1st Cir.1971).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Rivera (2×)
Colo. · 1990 · confidence medium
See United States v. Dowdy, 479 F.2d 213, 229 (4th Cir.1973), cert. denied, 414 U.S. 823 , 94 S.Ct. 124 , 38 L.Ed.2d 56 ; United States v. Silva, 449 F.2d 145, 146 (1st Cir. 1971), cert. denied, 405 U.S. 918 , 92 S.Ct. 942 , 30 L.Ed.2d 787 (1972).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Sell
D.C. · 1985 · confidence medium
In United States v. Hodge, 539 F.2d 898 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1091 , 97 S.Ct. 1100 , 51 L.Ed.2d 536 (1976), the Sixth Circuit held that “to establish involuntariness the defendant’s burden is to show that [the informant’s] will was overcome by threats or improper inducement amounting to coercion or duress.... ” Id. at 904 (quoting United States v. Silva, 449 F.2d 145, 146 (1st Cir.1971), cert. denied, 405 U.S. 918 , 92 S.Ct. 942 , 30 L.Ed.2d 787 (1972)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Richard Harding Salisbury, A/K/A Heavy
11th Cir. · 1981 · confidence medium
Unless he could demonstrate that Wright’s will was “overcome by threats or improper inducement amounting to coercion or duress,” United States v. Silva, 449 F.2d 145, 146 (1st Cir. 1971), cert. denied, 405 U.S. 918 , 92 S.Ct. 942 , 30 L.Ed.2d 787 (1972), Wright’s consent was not involuntary for purposes of section 2511(2)(c).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Eddie Hodge and Nathaniel Robertson
6th Cir. · 1976 · confidence medium
In United States v. Silva, 449 F.2d 145, 146 (1st Cir. 1971) cert. den. 405 U.S. 918 , 92 S.Ct. 942 , 30 L.Ed.2d 787 the Court declared: . to establish involuntariness the defendant’s burden is to show that [the informant’s] will was overcome by threats or improper inducement amounting to coercion or duress . . . we do not view a promise of leniency with respect to a pending indictment as coercive, at least in the absence of evidence that the indictment had been improperly brought.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Torry v. Montanye
W.D.N.Y. · 1975 · confidence medium
United States v. Silva, 449 F.2d 145, 146 (1st Cir. 1971), cert. denied, 405 U.S. 918 , 92 S.Ct. 942 , 30 L.Ed.2d 787 (1972); United States v. Zarkin, 250 F.Supp. 728 (D.D.C.1966).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Bastone
7th Cir. · 1975 · confidence medium
United States v. Silva, 449 F.2d 145, 146 (1st Cir. 1971); United States v. Jones, 140 U.S.App.D.C. 70 , 433 F.2d 1176, 1180 (1970), cert. denied, 402 U.S. 950 , 91 S.Ct. 1613 , 29 L.Ed.2d 120 (1971); also see United States v. Bonanno, 487 F.2d 654 (2d Cir. 1973).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. John Dowdy
4th Cir. · 1973 · confidence medium
Three circuits have rejected this argument, United States v. Silva, 449 F.2d 145, 146 (1 Cir. 1971), cert. denied 405 U.S. 918 , 92 S.Ct. 942 , 30 L.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." State v. Whitt
W. Va. · 1990 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also United States v. Silva, 449 F.2d 145 (1st Cir.1971), cert. denied, 405 U.S. 918 , 92 S.Ct. 942 , 30 L.Ed.2d 787 (1972); United States v. Barone, 913 F.2d 46 (2d Cir.1990); United States v. Jones, 839 F.2d 1041 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 486 U.S. 1024 , 108 S.Ct. 1999 , 100 L.Ed.2d 230 (1988); United States v. Hodge, 539 F.2d 898 (6th Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1091 , 97 S.Ct. 1100 , 51 L.Ed.2d 536 (1977); United States v. Horton, 601 F.2d 319 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 937 , 100 S.Ct. 287 , 62 L.Ed.2d 197 (1979); United States v. Zemek, 634 F.2d 1159 (9th Cir.1980), cert…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
UNITED STATES of America, Appellee,
v.
Daniel SILVA, Jr., Defendant, Appellant
71-1073_1.
Court of Appeals for the First Circuit.
Oct 8, 1971.
449 F.2d 145
Michael A. Paris, with whom Martin K. Leppo, Boston, Mass., was on brief, for appellant., Allen R. Hoffman, Asst. U. S. Atty., with whom Herbert F. Travers, Jr., U. S. Atty., was on brief, for appellee.
Aldrich, McEntee, Coffin.
Cited by 20 opinions  |  Published
ALDRICH, Chief Judge.

In response to a promise, which we assume for present purposes he thought was enforceable (and which in fact was lived up to) that he would receive a suspended sentence with respect to a matter as to which he had already been indicted, one Sullivan agreed to telephone the defendant, and to permit the overhearing and recording by a government agent of an unlawful conversation. At his trial on a narcotics charge under 26 U.S.C. § 4705(a) the defendant contended that the recording was not an admissible wiretap under 47 U.S.C. § 605 and the rule of Rathbun v. United States, 1957, 355 U.S. 107, 78 S.Ct. 161, 2 L.Ed.2d 134, because the consent, having been induced by a promise of leniency, was not voluntary. The district court ruled against him and admitted the evidence. Defendant was convicted and now appeals. We agree that the evidence was prejudicial, if improperly received, but we hold it was not.

Defendant has a mistaken conception of involuntariness. A defendant who pleads guilty because he expects, or hopes, thereby to obtain a more palatable sentence than he might otherwise face, is not, per se, pleading involuntari[*146] ly. Indeed, this is so even though he at the same time asserts his innocence, provided there is strong evidence of guilt. North Carolina v. Alford, 1970, 400 U.S. 25, 91 S.Ct. 160, 27 L.Ed.2d 162; cf. United States v. Bednarski, 1 Cir., 1971, 445 F.2d 364. In the present circumstances, to establish involuntariness the defendant’s burden is to show that Sullivan’s will was overcome by threats or improper inducement amounting to coercion or duress. Kent v. United States, 1 Cir., 1959, 272 F.2d 795, 799 (“Threats or promises of illegitimate action.”); see also United States ex rel. Dixon v. Pate, 7 Cir., 1964, 330 F.2d 126, 128, cert. denied 379 U.S. 891, 85 S.Ct. 165, 13 L.Ed.2d 95; and McClure v. United States, 9 Cir., 1965, 332 F.2d 19, cert. denied 380 U.S. 945, 85 S.Ct. 1027, 13 L.Ed.2d 963. The record discloses nothing of that character. We do not view a promise of leniency with respect to a pending indictment as coercive, at least in the absence of evidence that the indictment had been improperly brought.

To the extent, if any, that it could be thought that views in the District of Columbia may differ from ours regarding such promises, see United States v. Laughlin, D.D.C., 1963, 222 F.Supp. 264; cf. United States v. Zarkin, D.D.C., 1966, 250 F.Supp. 728; United States v. Jones, 1970, 140 U.S.App.D.C. 70, 433 F.2d 1176, 1180, we decline to follow them. We do not believe, however, that we are in the disagreement defendant suggests.

Defendant’s remaining two points of error are without merit. His claim of per se prejudice by an unexplained two-month delay between offense and indictment goes far beyond any cited case. It presents no possible question. See United States v. Stamas, 1 Cir., 1971, 443 F.2d 860, 862. Defendant also complains that the trial court abused its discretion in making an unnecessary repetition in charging the jury. We have examined the charge and see no error. Cf. Harris v. United States, 1 Cir., 1966, 367 F.2d 633, 636, cert. denied 386 U.S. 915, 87 S.Ct. 862, 17 L.Ed.2d 787.

Affirmed.