Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake MS, 449 F.3d 650 (5th Cir. 2006). · Go Syfert
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake MS, 449 F.3d 650 (5th Cir. 2006). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“neither damage to reputation alone nor the stigma resulting from the itself trigger the protections of due process.”
155 citation events (155 in the last 25 years) across 13 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Hodges v. University of Texas Southwestern Medical School (txnd, 2023-09-29)
Treatment trajectory · 2007 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2007 2016 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Hodges v. University of Texas Southwestern Medical School
N.D. Tex. · 2023 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
neither damage to reputation alone nor the stigma resulting from the itself trigger the protections of due process.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Norman v. Beaumont ISD
5th Cir. · 2026 · confidence medium
Id. (quoting Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Danielle Rollo v. Plaquemines Port Harbor and Terminal District and Charles Tillotson
E.D. La. · 2026 · confidence medium
Instead, a plaintiff’s liberty interest is infringed only when they are discharged “in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him and forecloses him from other employment opportunities.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
examined Cited as authority (rule) Roysdon v. United States (4×)
W.D. Tex. · 2025 · confidence medium
Confusingly, Dr. Roysdon counters by first arguing again that “the Court has already held that Dr. [Roysdon] plausibly alleges a liberty-interest violation” before further arguing the Fifth Cir- cuit’s seven-element “stigma-plus-infringement” test put forth in Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006)—discussed infra at I.B.2—is the applicable legal stand- ard.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Anderton v. Dallas Independent School District
N.D. Tex. · 2024 · confidence medium
The meaning of the term “liberty” is broad, see Bd. of Regents of State Colls. v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564, 571 (1972), and a liberty interest arises when an employee is “discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about [her] and thus stigmatizes [her] and forecloses [her] from other employment opportunities.”6 Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Martin v. Hutson
E.D. La. · 2024 · confidence medium
Bellard v. Gautreaux, 675 F.3d 454, 462 (5th Cir. 2012) (citing Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Jones v. Hutson
E.D. La. · 2024 · confidence medium
Bellard v. Gautreaux, 675 F.3d 454, 462 (5th Cir. 2012) (citing Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Navarro v. City of Bryan
S.D. Tex. · 2023 · confidence medium
Analysis “Section 1983 provides a civil remedy in federal court for violations, under color of state law, of a person's constitutionally recognized rights, privileges, or immunities.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Navarro v. City of Bryan
S.D. Tex. · 2022 · confidence medium
Analysis “Section 1983 provides a civil remedy in federal court for violations, under color of state law, of a person’s constitutionally recognized rights, privileges, or immunities.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Ghedi v. Mayorkas
5th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
Ghedi has 48 Blackburn v. City of Marshall, 42 F.3d 925, 935 (5th Cir. 1995) (citing Paul v. Davis, 424 U.S. 693 , 710–11 (1976)). 49 Id. 50 See Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006) (requiring stigmatizing charges be “made public”); see also Paul, 424 U.S. at 701–02 (focusing on the effect of a stigma on a person’s public reputation, tying it to “governmental defamation”). 17 Case: 20-10995 Document: 00516068148 Page: 18 Date Filed: 10/25/2021 No. 20-10995 therefore failed to plausibly plead that Defendants have deprived him of his liberty interest in h…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Broussard v. Board of Supervisors of Louisiana State University and A & M College
M.D. La. · 2021 · confidence medium
Discharge In Violation Of Due Process When “the government discharges an employee amidst allegations of misconduct, the employee may have a procedural due process right to notice and an opportunity to clear his name.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Witherspoon v. Waybourn
N.D. Tex. · 2021 · confidence medium
Title 42 U.S.C. § 1983 “provides a civil remedy in federal court for violations, under color of state law, of a person’s constitutionally recognized rights, privileges, or immunities.” Miller v. Metrocare Servs., 809 F.3d 827, 833 (5th Cir. 2016) (quoting Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Cox v. Scott County School District
S.D. Miss. · 2021 · confidence medium
Because Cox alleges certain Defendants’ statements that she “committed perjury” damaged her reputation, this Court will interpret her allegation as a “stigma-plus- infringement claim” under the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. ., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006) (citations omitted) (explaining a stigma-plus-infringement claim exists where “the government discharges an employee amidst allegations of misconduct,” giving the employee “a procedural due process right to notice and an opportunity to clear his name.”).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Dunn v. Tunica County
N.D. Miss. · 2021 · confidence medium
Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Occupational Liberty Dunn and Biggins each claims that Tunica County violated his Fourteenth Amendment right to due process by publicizing false and stigmatizing allegations of sexual harassment against him in connection with his discharge from employment, thereby impairing his occupational liberty to pursue other employment opportunities. “[A] liberty interest is infringed, and the right to notice and an opportunity to clear one’s name arises, only when an employee is ‘discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and th…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Wei-Ping Zeng v. Texas Tech Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, et
5th Cir. · 2020 · confidence medium
A liberty interest arises “only when the employee is dis- charged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006) (cleaned up).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Boles v. Navarro College
N.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
A policy statement, ordinance, regulation, or decision that is officially adopted and promulgated by the municipality’s lawmaking officers or by 30 Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006). 31 Ortwein v. Mackey, 511 F.2d 696, 699 (5th Cir. 1975) (quotation omitted). 32 Doc.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Taylor v. The University of Texas at Dallas
N.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Ms., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006); see Bellard v. Gautreaux, 675 F.3d 454 , 461–62 (5th Cir. 2012) (among other things, employee must prove she was discharged to succeed on claim for denial of name-clearing hearing).
cited Cited as authority (rule) William Short v. Marlin Gusman
5th Cir. · 2020 · confidence medium
Miller v. Metrocare Servs., 809 F.3d 827, 833 (5th Cir. 2016) (citing Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Cunningham v. Wood County
E.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
Failure to provide a name-clearing hearing “If the government discharges an employee amidst allegations of misconduct, the employee may have a procedural due process right to notice and an opportunity to clear his name.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Taylor v. Greenville Public School District
N.D. Miss. · 2019 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Thomas v. University of Mississippi
N.D. Miss. · 2019 · confidence medium
Rather, a liberty interest is infringed, and the right to notice and an opportunity to clear one’s name arises, only when the em- ployee is ‘discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him and forecloses him from other employment opportunities.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (Sth Cir. 2006) (citing White v. Thomas, 660 F.2d 680, 684 (Sth Cir.1981)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Lori Rayborn v. Bossier Parish School System, et a (2×)
5th Cir. · 2018 · confidence medium
“This court employs a seven-element ‘stigma-plus-infringement’ test to determine whether § 1983 affords a government employee a remedy for deprivation of liberty without notice or an opportunity to clear his name.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Scott Ristow v. Michael Hansen
5th Cir. · 2018 · confidence medium
Branch at Galveston, 665 F.3d 625, 630 (5th Cir. 2011) (quoting Moulton v. City of Beaumont, 991 F.2d 227, 230 (5th Cir. 1993)). 30 See id. 31 State of Texas v. Thompson, 70 F.3d 390, 392 (5th Cir. 1995). 32 Id. 33 Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006). 34 Id. 10 Case: 17-50121 Document: 00514332384 Page: 11 Date Filed: 02/01/2018 No. 17-50121 his name, or that the City denied such a request.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Notariano v. Tangipahoa Parish School Board (2×)
E.D. La. · 2017 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006). .
cited Cited as authority (rule) Jarrel Caldwell v. Lillian Lozano
5th Cir. · 2017 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006) (quoting White v. Thomas, 660 F.2d 680, 684 (5th Cir. Nov. 1981)). 27 .
cited Cited as authority (rule) Wilkerson v. University of North Texas ex rel. Board of Regents
E.D. Tex. · 2016 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Stephen Miller v. Metrocare Services
5th Cir. · 2016 · confidence medium
“Section 1983 provides a civil remedy in federal court for violations, under color of state law, of a person’s constitutionally recognized rights, privileges, or immunities.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006).
examined Cited as authority (rule) Jackie Anderson, Patrick Cockerham, Diann Banks, Herbert Lenton, and Mable Caleb v. Terry Grier, Superintendent of the Houston Independent School District (3×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
No claim to original U.S. Government Works. 7 Caleb v. Grier, 598 Fed.Appx. 227 (2015) 316 Ed. Law Rep. 29 , 2015 IER Cases 174 ,060 of individuals chosen by Caleb to ... move with her [to employee is ‘discharged in a manner that creates a false and Kashmere]” and that Caleb was “highly selective of those defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him with whom she chose to ... go with her to Kashmere,” and forecloses him from other employment opportunities.’ ” such selectivity is no different from any manager's *238 Bledsoe v. City of Lake Horn, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Klingler v. University of Southern Mississippi (2×)
5th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006) (citation omitted). 12 .
examined Cited as authority (rule) Gonzalez v. Harlingen Consolidated Independent School District (3×) also: Cited "see"
S.D. Tex. · 2015 · confidence medium
Thus, when a government employer such as a School District fires an employee, “[a] liberty interest is infringed, and the right to notice and an opportunity to clear one’s name arises, only when the employee is ‘discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him and forecloses him from other employment opportunities.’ ” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006) (quoting White v. Thomas, 660 F.2d 680, 684 (5th Cir.1981)); see also generally Hughes, 204 F.3d at 225-26 (tracing origin and rationale of this…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Mable Caleb v. Terry Grier (2×) also: Cited "see"
5th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
Id. “[A] liberty interest is infringed, and the right to notice and an opportunity to clear one’s name arises, only when the employee is ‘discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him and forecloses him from other employment opportunities.’ ” Bledsoe v. City of Lake Horn, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006) (quoting White v. Thomas, 660 F.2d 680, 684 (5th Cir.1981)). “‘[T]he process due such an individual is merely a hearing providing a public forum or opportunity to clear one’s name, not actual review of the decisi…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Maurer v. Town of Independence
E.D. La. · 2014 · confidence medium
If a government employee is “discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and forecloses him from other employment opportunities,” the employee has a procedural due process right to “notice and an opportunity .to clear his name.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006) (quoting White v. Thomas, 660 F.2d 680, 684 (5th Cir.1981)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Harris v. City of Balch Springs
N.D. Tex. · 2014 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006) (citation omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Shane Bellard v. Sid Gautreaux, III
5th Cir. · 2012 · confidence medium
A public employee, even an at-will employee, has a constitutional right to notice and an opportunity to be heard when the employee is “discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him and forecloses him from other employment opportunities.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Shane Bellard v. Sid Gautreaux, III (2×)
5th Cir. · 2012 · confidence medium
A public employee, even an at-will employee, has a constitutional right to notice and an opportunity to be heard when the employee is “discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him and forecloses him from other employment opportunities.” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
cited Cited as authority (rule) LaRavia v. Cerise
5th Cir. · 2012 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006) (internal quotation marks omitted).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Dennis Laravia v. Fred Cerise
5th Cir. · 2012 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006) (internal quotation marks omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Bonillas v. Harlandale Independent School District (2×)
W.D. Tex. · 2011 · confidence medium
Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Claims Plaintiff asserts a Fourteenth Amendment claim based on the allegations that Defendant made public false charges in connection with the termination of her contract, that she “was not provided notice or an opportunity to be heard prior to the discharge” despite requesting an open hearing, and that her “request for a hearing to clear her name was denied.” 40 When a government entity discharges its employee “in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him and forecloses him from other employment opport…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Bjorklund v. Miller
N.D. Okla. · 2011 · confidence medium
See, e.g., Quinn v. Shirey, 293 F.3d 315, 323 (6th Cir.2002) (plaintiffs failure to request a name clearing hearing is fatal to a claim alleging a deprivation of a liberty interest without due process); Winskowski v. City of Stephen, 442 F.3d 1107, 1112 (8th Cir.2006) (same); Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006) (same).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Monty Shelton v. John Fox
5th Cir. · 2010 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 651-52 (5th Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Nichols v. University of Southern Mississippi
S.D. Miss. · 2009 · confidence medium
To prove a violation of one’s liberty interest by denying a name clearing hearing, the plaintiff must meet the “stigma-plus infringement test.” See Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Broyles v. Texas
S.D. Tex. · 2009 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Mississippi, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006).
cited Cited as authority (rule) LeBlanc v. Wyeth, Inc.
W.D. La. · 2007 · confidence medium
Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Ms., 449 F.3d 650, 652-53 (5th Cir.2006).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Gaskin v. Village of Pachuta
S.D. Miss. · 2007 · confidence medium
Rather, “a liberty interest is infringed, and the right to notice and an opportunity to clear one’s name arises, only when the employee is ‘discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him and forecloses him from other employment opportunities.’” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006) (citations omitted); see also Felder v. Hobby, 1999 WL 1067892 , 4 (5th Cir.1999) (holding that to establish deprivation of liberty interest in reputation without due process of law, plaintiff “must first allege fac…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Gillespie v. City of MacOn, Miss.
S.D. Miss. · 2007 · confidence medium
Rather, “a liberty interest is infringed, and the right to notice and an opportunity to clear one’s name arises, only when the employee is ‘discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him and forecloses him from other employment opportunities.’ ” Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006) (citations omitted); see also Felder v. Hobby, 1999 WL 1067892 , *4 (5th Cir.1999) (holding that to establish deprivation of liberty interest in reputation without due process of law, plaintiff “must first allege f…
cited Cited "see" Texas Department of Agriculture v. Be a Champion, Inc.; James Hong; Kevin Klotz; George Moon; And Jaron Barganier
Tex. App. · 2025 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
cited Cited "see" Broussard v. Board of Supervisors of Louisiana State University and A & M College
M.D. La. · 2021 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited "see" Brandie Cunningham v. Wood County (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
5th Cir. · 2020 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bledsoe, 449 F.3d at 654 .
cited Cited "see" Cervantez v. Collier
W.D. Tex. · 2020 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited "see" Abelli v. Ansonia Board of Education
D. Conn. · 2013 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bledsoe v. City of Horn Lake, Miss., 449 F.3d 650, 653 (5th Cir.2006) ("[The plaintiff] did not ask to confront the Board in a public forum regarding the stigmatizing charges,” and therefore, he "failed to request a name-clearing hearing as a matter of law.”). .
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Leroy E. BLEDSOE, Jr., Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
CITY OF HORN LAKE, MISSISSIPPI, Defendant-Appellee
04-60983.
Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.
May 10, 2006.
449 F.3d 650
Jim D. Waide, III, Ronnie Lee Wood-ruff, Waide & Associates, Tupelo, MS, for Bledsoe., Marjorie T. O’Donnell, B. Humphreys McGee, III, Holcomb Dunbar, Oxford, MS, for Defendant-Appellee.
Benavides, Stewart, Owen.
Cited by 56 opinions  |  Published
OWEN, Circuit Judge:

Leroy E. Bledsoe, Jr. appeals the district court’s summary judgment in favor of the City of Horn Lake, Mississippi. The issues are whether the City deprived Bled-soe of a liberty interest by discharging him in connection with false, publicized, and stigmatizing charges without notice or an opportunity to clear his name and whether the City deprived Bledsoe of a property interest in accrued vacation hours without notice or a hearing. We conclude that Bledsoe’s liberty interest deprivation claim fails because he never requested a name-clearing hearing, and his property deprivation claim fails because he was not entitled to the accrued vacation hours under the terms of his employment. Therefore, we AFFIRM.

I

The City hired Bledsoe as its part-time fire chief and promoted him to a full-time position eight years later. Although the City’s mayor praised Bledsoe’s overall performance as fire chief, Bledsoe’s employment with the City ended the following year amidst charges of misconduct. In recounting the facts leading up to Bled-soe’s separation from the City, we view[*652] those facts in the light most favorable to Bledsoe, the non-movant. [1]

The City’s Board of Aldermen received several complaints against Bledsoe from James Cook, a firefighter who had recently resigned. The complaints included assertions that Bledsoe had altered time sheets, brandished a firearm in his office, and falsified reports regarding the readiness and fitness of pump stations to the state’s fire ratings bureau. Concerned about the charges of wrongdoing, the Board called Bledsoe into a meeting. Bledsoe was questioned at length, but he largely denied the allegations. The Board then asked the Mayor to investigate further, and despite the Mayor’s conclusions that most of the allegations had little merit, the Board decided to convene a closed-door session three days after its initial meeting with Bledsoe to decide whether to terminate him.

Bledsoe learned of the closed-door session shortly before it was to occur. The morning of the session, a local newspaper article quoted the Board members and the Mayor with regard to the charges against Bledsoe. Following the advice of his attorney, Bledsoe asked the Board to either postpone the meeting until his attorney could be with him or to record the proceedings. The Board denied both of Bled-soe’s requests. The Board proceeded to meet privately, while Bledsoe waited outside. During the meeting, one of the Board members, Alderman Shackleford, came out of the session and told Bledsoe that if he did not resign, the Board would fire him. Alderman Shackleford also told Bledsoe that unless he resigned, Bledsoe and the fire department would be subjected to further negative publicity. Bledsoe concluded he had no choice but to resign.

Bledsoe tendered his written resignation and then filed suit against the City asserting violations of 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Specifically, Bledsoe claimed that when the City discharged him in the wake of false, stigmatizing, and publicized charges, the City deprived him of a liberty interest without notice or an opportunity to clear his name. Bledsoe additionally alleged he was entitled to compensation for 240 hours of accrued annual leave time and the City had deprived him of that compensation without due process by demanding his immediate resignation. The City moved for summary judgment on all of Bledsoe’s claims. The district court granted the motion in the City’s favor with respect to the liberty interest claim, concluding that Bledsoe had voluntarily resigned, but did not address Bledsoe’s property interest claim. Bled-soe appeals and asserts that he produced sufficient evidence to survive summary judgment on the liberty interest claim and that the district court erred by failing to consider his property interest claim.

II

We review the district court’s summary judgment de novo, applying the same legal standards as the district court. [2] Summary judgment is proper when the pleadings, discovery responses, depositions, and affidavits show that no genuine issue exists regarding any material fact and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. [3] When the facts are disputed, the court does not determine the credi[*653] bility of the evidence and draws all justifiable inferences in favor of the nonmovant. [4]

Section 1983 provides a civil remedy in federal court for violations, under color of state law, of a person’s constitutionally recognized rights, privileges, or immunities. [5] If the government discharges an employee amidst allegations of misconduct, the employee may have a procedural due process right to notice and an opportunity to clear his name. [6] Neither damage to reputation alone [7] nor the stigma resulting from the discharge itself trigger the protections of due process. [8] Rather, a liberty interest is infringed, and the right to notice and an opportunity to clear one’s name arises, only when the employee is “discharged in a manner that creates a false and defamatory impression about him and thus stigmatizes him and forecloses him from other employment opportunities.” [9] This court employs a seven-element “stigma-plus-infringement” test to determine whether § 1983 affords a government employee a remedy for deprivation of liberty without notice or an opportunity to clear his name. [10] The plaintiff must show: (1) he was discharged; (2) stigmatizing charges were made against him in connection with the discharge; (3) the charges were false; (4) he was not provided notice or an opportunity to be heard prior to the discharge; (5) the charges were made public; (6) he requested a hearing to clear his name; and (7) the employer denied the request. [11]

We need not reach whether there is some evidence that the City constructively discharged Bledsoe, and therefore that his resignation was not voluntary, because Bledsoe’s undisputed failure to request a hearing defeats his liberty interest claim. Though an employee need not use the term “name-clearing hearing” to satisfy the sixth element of the stigma-plus-infringement test, the employee must still petition the employer in a manner that can be construed as asking for an opportunity to clear his name. [12] Bledsoe asked the City to either record the meeting in which the Board would decide whether to fire him or postpone the meeting until his attorney could be present. Bledsoe did not ask to confront the Board in a public forum regarding the stigmatizing charges against him either before or after his separation from employment. Bledsoe failed to request a name-clearing hearing as a matter of law.

Bledsoe’s reliance on Rosenstein v. City [*654] of Dallas 13 is misplaced. In that case, this court construed a police officer’s request for access to an established appeals procedure as a request for a name-clearing hearing. [14] The police officer in Rosenstein wished to contest his employer’s decision to fire him for allegedly making harassing and obscene telephone calls to a fellow officer. By requesting to appeal the discharge decision, the officer was effectively asking for an opportunity to prove his innocence and thus to clear his name. [15] The appeals procedure would provide the officer with “a public forum to clear his name before the governing body that discharged him,” as required by due process. [16]

Bledsoe’s requests to postpone or record the Board’s meeting do not resemble the Rosenstein plaintiffs petition for access to his employer’s established appeals process. Even had the Board postponed its closed-door meeting so Bledsoe’s attorney could be present, Bledsoe still would not have confronted the governing body that discharged him, and his attorney’s presence with him outside the Board’s private meeting would not amount to a public opportunity to clear his name. Similarly, recording the meeting would not transform it into a public forum in which Bledsoe could contest the charges against him. Bledsoe did not ask the Board to open the meeting to the public so he could confront the charges against him.

Bledsoe contends that the City had a duty to inform him that he had the right to a name-clearing hearing on request and breached that duty. [17] We are not persuaded by this argument. Even assuming the City had such a duty, there is no evidence the duty was breached. The City’s written personnel policies expressly permitted an appeal of “any form of disciplinary action,” which included discharge. [18] Assuming Bledsoe was discharged, as he contends, he failed to avail himself of an appeal provided by the City’s policies.

Ill

Bledsoe’s property interest deprivation claim likewise fails because he has not alleged a constitutionally cognizable interest in accrued vacation leave. In support of his property interest claim, Bledsoe cites Eguia v. Tompkins, a case in which this court concluded that the plaintiff had a property interest in earned compensation and expense reimbursements. [19] Bled-[*655] soe does not claim that the City 'wrongfully withheld his salary or failed to reimburse him for expenses he paid on the City’s behalf. Rather, Bledsoe claims that the City owes him for the vacation time he earned but never used. He cites no case in support of his claim that he has a constitutionally protected property interest in earned vacation time as opposed to compensation or expense reimbursements, and the only source for such an interest is the City’s Personnel Policies manual. Assuming the manual created a property interest in compensation for unused vacation hours, the manual also created the conditions for that interest to vest. It vests only when an employee gives two weeks prior notice of termination of employment. [20] The manual does not provide for compensation for accrued vacation time when an employee is discharged. If Bledsoe was constructively discharged, as he claims, then he did not resign, much less after giving two-weeks notice. If he in fact resigned, he did not give the required notice. According to the terms of the manual, the circumstances of Bledsoe’s departure precluded him from acquiring any property interest in his unused vacation time. Thus, he is not entitled to any procedural protection for the alleged deprivation of compensation for that time.

* * * 5{i #

As Bledsoe did not request an opportunity to clear his name, he has failed to create a genuine issue of fact as to the deprivation of a liberty interest without due process. Likewise, Bledsoe has not produced evidence to show entitlement to compensation for accrued vacation hours, such that the protections of due process are implicated. Therefore, this court AFFIRMS the district court’s summary judgment in favor of the City.

1

. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).

2

. Hanks v. Transcon. Gas Pipe Lirie Corp., 953 F.2d 996, 997 (5th Cir.1992).

4

. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).

5

. Findeisen v. North East Indep. Sch. Dist., 749 F.2d 234, 236-37 (5th Cir.1984).

6

. Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564, 573, 92 S.Ct. 2701, 33 L.Ed.2d 548 (1972), quoted in Hughes v. City of Garland, 204 F.3d 223, 225-26 (5th Cir.2000) (discussing the Supreme Court’s recognition of a procedural due process right to notice and an opportunity to clear one's name when the government discharges an employee in a manner that puts the employee’s "good name, reputation, honor, or integrity ... at stake”).

8

. Wells v. Hico Indep. Sch. Dist., 736 F.2d 243, 256 (5th Cir.1984) ("Mere proof that nonrenewal might make an individual less attractive to other employers does not, by itself, implicate a liberty interest.”).

9

. White v. Thomas, 660 F.2d 680, 684 (5th Cir.1981).

12

. Rosenstein v. City of Dallas, 876 F.2d 392, 396 (5th Cir.1989).

17

. See Gonzalez v. Dep’t of Transp., 701 F.2d 36, 39-40 (5th Cir.1983).

18

. The personnel policies manual provided:

Any City employee who is issued any form of disciplinary action has the right to appeal said disciplinary action to the Mayor and Board of Aldermen if they feel the disciplinary action issued is unjustified. Said appeal request is to be submitted to the City Clerk in writing within 5-days receipt of the disciplinary action. Upon receipt of the request for an appeal hearing, the Mayor and Board of Aldermen will set a date for the appeal. Any decision of the Mayor and Board of Aldermen is final.

The manual describes disciplinary action: "Disciplinary action may call for any of four steps — remedial training report, written warning, suspension with or without pay, demotion, or termination of employment — depending on the severity of the problem and the number of occurrences. There may be circumstances when one or more steps are bypassed.”

19

. 756 F.2d 1130, 1138 (5th Cir.1985) (citing Sniadach v. Family Fin. Corp., 395 U.S. 337, 89 S.Ct. 1820, 23 L.Ed.2d 349 (1969), in support of its holding that the "plaintiff’s in[*655] terest in his salary and expense reimbursement is a property interest protected by the Constitution”).

20

. The personnel policies manual provides: "Upon termination of employment, employees hired prior to August 2001 who have completed more than 2-years [sic] of service will be paid for unused vacation time (not to exceed 240 hours) provided that they give 2-weeks written notice prior to [the] last day of work.”