People v. Hilliard, 49 A.D.3d 910 (N.Y. App. Div. 2008). · Go Syfert
People v. Hilliard, 49 A.D.3d 910 (N.Y. App. Div. 2008). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
29 citation events (29 in the last 25 years) across 1 distinct court.
Strongest positive: People v. Powell (nyappdiv, 2025-03-27)
Treatment trajectory · 2009 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2009 2017 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 26 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Powell (2×)
N.Y. App. Div. · 2025 · confidence medium
However, the court failed to engage in any on-the-record examination of the objective reasons why an enhanced sentence must be imposed, other than finding that it was not vindictive to order defendant "to make financially whole the representatives of [*5]his victims," facts that indisputably existed at the time of the initial sentencing ( see People v Rhodes , 109 AD3d 1102, 1103-1104 [4th Dept 2013]; People v Hilliard , 49 AD3d 910, 914 [3d Dept 2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]; compare People v Ocampo , 52 AD3d 741, 742 [2d Dept 2008], lv denied 11 NY3d 792 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Horton
N.Y. App. Div. · 2020 · confidence medium
Nevertheless, defendant argues that the amendment here was impermissible because it constructively amended the indictment in violation of CPL 200.70 (2), which provides that "[a]n indictment may not be amended in any respect which changes the theory or theories of the prosecution as reflected in the evidence before the grand jury which filed it." However, "[i]t is well settled that the prosecution need not prove allegations in an indictment that are extraneous to the material elements of the offense charged" ( People v Osinowo , 28 AD3d 1011, 1013 [2006] [internal quotation marks and citation …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Casanova (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
N.Y. App. Div. · 2017 · confidence medium
“In order to insure that trial courts do not impose longer sentences to punish defendants for taking an appeal, a presumption of vindictiveness generally arises when defendants who have won appellate reversals are *880 given greater sentences after their retrials than were imposed after their initial convictions” (People v Young, 94 NY2d 171, 176 [1999]; see People v Brown, 77 AD3d 1190, 1192 [2010]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 914 [2008], Iv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]).
cited Cited as authority (rule) People v. McGough
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
Accordingly, the latter claims are unpreserved (see People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10, 19 [1995]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]).
cited Cited as authority (rule) People v. McGough
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
Accordingly, the latter claims are unpreserved (see People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10, 19 [1995]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Rodriguez
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
As an initial matter, the corroboration argument is preserved only as to the charge of operating as a major trafficker, as defendant specifically raised that claim when he moved to dismiss the trafficking charge at the close of proof, but did not include it in his more general motion to dismiss the other charges (see People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10, 19 [1995]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Rodriguez
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
As an initial matter, the corroboration argument is preserved only as to the charge of operating as a major trafficker, as defendant specifically raised that claim when he moved to dismiss the trafficking charge at the close of proof, but did not include it in his more general motion to dismiss the other charges (see People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10, 19 [1995]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) PeoplevRodriguez
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
As an initial matter, the corroboration argument is preserved only as to the charge of operating as a major trafficker, as defendant specifically raised that claim when he moved to dismiss the trafficking charge at the close of proof, but did not include it in his more general motion to dismiss the other charges (see People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10, 19 [1995]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. DeFreitas
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · signal: cf. · confidence medium
Moreover, even assuming that the record revealed some impropriety in this regard, we nonetheless would conclude that any such error was harmless in light of the overwhelming evidence of defendant’s guilt (see People v Crimmins, 36 NY2d 230, 237 [1975]; cf. People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 913 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]; compare People v Thompson, 111 AD3d 56, 67-68 [2013]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. DeFreitas
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · signal: cf. · confidence medium
Moreover, even assuming that the record revealed some impropriety in this regard, we nonetheless would conclude that any such error was harmless in light of the overwhelming evidence of defendant’s guilt (see People v Crimmins, 36 NY2d 230, 237 [1975]; cf. People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 913 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]; compare People v Thompson, 111 AD3d 56, 67-68 [2013]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Rhodes
N.Y. App. Div. · 2013 · confidence medium
“In order to ensure that defendants are not being penalized for exercising their right to appeal, ‘a presumption of [institutional] vindictiveness generally arises when defendants who have won appellate reversals are given greater sentences . . . than were imposed after their initial convictions’ ” (People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 914 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008], quoting People v Young, 94 NY2d 171, 176 [1999], rearg denied 94 NY2d 876 [2000]; see generally People v Van Pelt, 76 NY2d 156, 159-160 [1990]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Rhodes
N.Y. App. Div. · 2013 · confidence medium
“In order to ensure that defendants are not being penalized for exercising their right to appeal, ‘a presumption of [institutional] vindictiveness generally arises when defendants who have won appellate reversals are given greater sentences . . . than were imposed after their initial convictions’ ” (People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 914 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008], quoting People v Young, 94 NY2d 171, 176 [1999], rearg denied 94 NY2d 876 [2000]; see generally People v Van Pelt, 76 NY2d 156, 159-160 [1990]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Lewis
N.Y. App. Div. · 2012 · confidence medium
Contrary to defendant’s assertions, had the People called the two detectives who investigated the incident, their testimony regarding their investigation of the crime scene would have been cumulative to the testimony provided by McGrath, McGrath’s son and the two police officers who responded to the scene (see People v McCottery, 90 AD3d 1323, 1326 [2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 975 [2012]; People v Wilkins, 75 AD3d 847, 849 [2010], lv denied 15 NY3d 857 [2010]). * To the extent that defendant claims that the witnesses could have testified as to why the police did not immediately attempt to loc…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Lewis
N.Y. App. Div. · 2012 · confidence medium
Contrary to defendant’s assertions, had the People called the two detectives who investigated the incident, their testimony regarding their investigation of the crime scene would have been cumulative to the testimony provided by McGrath, McGrath’s son and the two police officers who responded to the scene (see People v McCottery, 90 AD3d 1323, 1326 [2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 975 [2012]; People v Wilkins, 75 AD3d 847, 849 [2010], lv denied 15 NY3d 857 [2010]). * To the extent that defendant claims that the witnesses could have testified as to why the police did not immediately attempt to loc…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Rogers
N.Y. App. Div. · 2012 · confidence medium
Although the count charging manslaughter in the first degree did not include the full statutory definition of serious physical injury, the court did not err or fundamentally change the prosecution’s theory of the crime by including the full definition in its charge to the jury (see People v Grega, 72 NY2d 489, 495-496 [1988]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 913 [2008], lu denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]). 2 Additionally, the court satisfied its duty when it recited the full contents of the jury’s note on the record, even though the court did not read each word of the note aloud (see CPL 310.30; …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Ardrey
N.Y. App. Div. · 2012 · confidence medium
However, not every fact mentioned in an indictment is material to a defendant’s guilt (see People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912-913 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]; People v Spratley, 144 AD2d 769, 770-771 [1988], lv denied 73 NY2d 896 [1989]), and an amendment in the location where a crime is alleged to have taken place is permissible when it does not prejudice the defendant nor alter the People’s theory of prosecution (see CPL 200.70; People v Cruz, 61 AD3d 1111, 1112 [2009]; People v Witko, 214 AD2d 824, 824-825 [1995], lv denied 86 NY2d 805 [1995]; People v Clapper, 123 AD2d 484 , …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Brown
N.Y. App. Div. · 2010 · confidence medium
“In order to ensure that defendants are not being penalized for exercising their right to appeal, a presumption of [institutional] vindictiveness generally arises when defendants who have won appellate reversals are given greater sentences after their retrials than were imposed after their initial convictions” (People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 914 [2008] [internal quotation marks and citations omitted], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]; accord People v Young, 94 NY2d at 176 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Abrams
N.Y. App. Div. · 2010 · confidence medium
However, as Supreme Court gave a prompt limiting instruction, the prosecutor made no further reference to the grand jury testimony and there was other overwhelming evidence of defendant’s guilt, we find the error to be harmless (see People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 913 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]; People v Dukes, 278 AD2d at 590 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Vargas
N.Y. App. Div. · 2010 · confidence medium
Turning to defendant’s conviction for conspiracy in the fourth degree, the proof demonstrated that defendant entered into an agreement with one or more of his co-defendants to engage in conduct constituting a class B felony, defendant intended that conduct constituting this crime be performed, and at least one of the members of the conspiracy performed an overt act in furtherance of this conspiracy (see Penal Law § 105.10 [1]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]; People v Monday, 309 AD2d 977, 978-979 [2003]).
cited Cited as authority (rule) People v. Arce
N.Y. App. Div. · 2010 · confidence medium
Moreover, we discern no reason to exercise our interest of justice jurisdiction (see People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Williams
N.Y. App. Div. · 2009 · confidence medium
Moreover, we discern no circumstances which would warrant the exercise of our interest of justice jurisdiction (see People v Mann, 63 AD3d 1372, 1373 [2009]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Black
N.Y. App. Div. · 2009 · confidence medium
Initially, inasmuch as defendant failed to move for a trial order of dismissal specifically identifying any deficiency in the proof, his challenges to the legal sufficiency of the evidence to support his convictions of rape in the second degree and sexual abuse in the third degree are not properly preserved for appellate review (see People v Hawkins, 11 NY3d 484, 492 [2008]; People v Young, 51 AD3d 1055, 1056 [2008], lv denied 11 NY3d 796 [2008]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]) and, in any event, are without merit.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Roberts
N.Y. App. Div. · 2009 · confidence medium
As a preliminary matter, his motion for a trial order of dismissal at the close of the People’s case adequately alleged “specific deficiencies” in the evidence to preserve his sufficiency argument for review (People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 912 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]; see People v Balram, 47 AD3d 1014, 1015 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 859 [2008]; People v Carter, 40 AD3d 1310,1311 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 873 [2007]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Dixon
N.Y. App. Div. · 2009 · confidence medium
Defendant failed to show either that Golden would testify favorably to the People or that he was available to the People (see People v Savinon, 100 NY2d 192, 197 [2003]; People v Lemke, 58 AD3d 1078, 1079 [2009]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 913 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008] ; People v Cunningham, 301 AD2d 955, 956 [2003], lv denied 99 NY2d 653 [2003]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Clark
N.Y. App. Div. · 2009 · confidence medium
Although a presumption of judicial vindictiveness arises where, after a successful appeal, a defendant is given a greater sentence than that which was imposed upon his or her initial conviction (see People v Young, 94 NY2d 171, 176 [1999]; People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 914 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]), no such presumption arises here because a greater sentence was not imposed upon resentencing.
discussed Cited "see" People v. Turner
N.Y. App. Div. · 2010 · signal: see · confidence high
Under these circumstances, it cannot be said that Brewer was in the control of the People, i.e., that there is a “a relationship, in legal status or on the facts, as to make it natural to expect the party [i.e., the People] to have called the witness [Brewer] to testify in [Woodard’s] favor” (People v Gonzalez, 68 NY2d at 429 ; see People v Savinon, 100 NY2d at 200 ; see People v Hilliard, 49 AD3d 910, 913 [2008], lv denied 10 NY3d 959 [2008]; cf. People v Onyia, 70 AD3d 1202 , ,1205 [2010]).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
The People of the State of New York
v.
Tyrese Hilliard
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York.
Mar 6, 2008.
49 A.D.3d 910
Spain.
Cited by 27 opinions  |  Published
Spain, J.

Defendant stands convicted following a jury trial, for a second time, of felony murder, first degree robbery (three counts), weapons-related crimes and conspiracy (to commit robbery) in the fourth degree. Previously, on defendant’s appeal following his first trial, this Court reversed defendant’s convictions and remitted for a retrial due to the admission into evidence of defendant’s statements taken in violation of his right to counsel (20 AD3d 674 [2005], lv denied 5 NY3d 853 [2005]).

At defendant’s retrial, it was again established that he was the ringleader in a plan with three acquaintances to rob Arthur Hayes during a staged drug buy in the hamlet of Mountaindale in the Town of Fallsburg, Sullivan County. The evidence again showed that pursuant to the conspiracy, defendant drove with the victim to the location of the purported drug sale under the ruse of facilitating the victim’s purchase of a large quantity of marihuana from local drug dealers. As planned, when coconspirators Sheldon Wells and Quinton Lawrence arrived, Lawrence pretended to beat up defendant while Wells—to whom defendant had given a loaded gun earlier that day—forced the victim out of the car, forcibly stole his cash, and then suddenly shot him in the back, killing him. Robert Dawson was waiting in a getaway car and drove Wells and Lawrence away. Defendant “fled” to the home of his friend Christopher Beatty (who had arranged for defendant to assist the victim with his drug purchase but was unaware of defendant’s nefarious intentions) and falsely reported to Beatty that they had been robbed by unknown assailants. Lawrence and Dawson pleaded guilty to robbery charges (Lawrence also pleaded to conspiracy) and testified at defendant’s trial as part of negotiated pleas. Wells pleaded guilty to felony murder (People v Wells, 18 AD3d 1022 [2005], lv denied 5 NY3d 796 [2005]), but did not testify. Defendant was sentenced to an aggregate prison term of 25 years to life for the felony murder, robbery in the first degree (three counts) and criminal use of a firearm in the first degree convictions, a consecutive prison term of 15 years for the criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree conviction (which had been concur[*912] rent after the first trial), and a consecutive prison term of l⅓ to 4 years for the conspiracy in the fourth degree conviction. Defendant now appeals.

While defendant challenges the legal sufficiency of the evidence supporting all of his convictions, the conspiracy count was the only one to which specific deficiencies in the evidence were raised in defendant’s motion to dismiss so as to preserve those contentions for appellate review (see People v Balram, 47 AD3d 1014, 1015 [2008]; People v Carter, 40 AD3d 1310, 1311 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 873 [2007]; People v Riddick, 34 AD3d 923, 924 [2006], lv denied 9 NY3d 868 [2007]). Defendant’s general motion to dismiss as to the other counts did not preserve for our review the challenges now raised to the sufficiency of the proof with respect to particular elements of those crimes (see People v Finger, 95 NY2d 894, 895 [2000]; People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10, 19 [1995]; People v Balram, 47 AD3d at 1015; People v Carter, 40 AD3d at 1311). As to the unpreserved claims, we decline to exercise our interest of justice jurisdiction (see CPL 470.15 [3] [c]; [6] [a]).[1]

With regard to defendant’s challenge to the evidence supporting his conviction for conspiracy in the fourth degree, we find that the People proved that defendant, Wells and Dawson, acting in concert, agreed to commit robbery in the first degree, a class B felony, and that defendant intended that conduct constituting the object of the conspiracy—the robbery—be performed (see People v Hafeez, 100 NY2d 253, 259 [2003]; see also Penal Law § 105.10 [1]). Defendant’s conduct in obtaining a gun and giving it to Wells and in driving with the victim to the scene constituted overt acts in furtherance of the conspiracy (see People v Faccio, 33 AD3d 1041, 1043 [2006], lv denied 8 NY3d 845 [2007]; see also Penal Law § 105.20).

Contrary to defendant’s contentions, while the factual recitation in the conspiracy count of the indictment named the intended robbery victim (Hayes), the People were not required to prove that all of the coconspirators knew the intended victim’s identity,[2] which is not an element of the conspiracy count (see People v Treuber, 64 NY2d 817, 818 [1985]; People v [*913] Charles, 61 NY2d 321, 327 [1984]; cf. People v Grega, 72 NY2d 489, 497-498 [1988]). “[W]hen an indictment alleges facts that are extraneous or immaterial to the charges or beyond what is necessary to support the charges, . . . the People need not prove more than those factual allegations necessary to support a conviction” (People v Grega, 72 NY2d at 497; see People v Kuykendall, 43 AD3d 493, 495 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 1007 [2007]). The inclusion of the identity of the intended victim in the indictment was not an essential fact required to support the element of conspiracy that defendant entered into a criminal agreement with his coconspirators to commit robbery (see People v Treuber, 64 NY2d at 818; People v Osinowo, 28 AD3d 1011, 1013 [2006], lv denied 7 NY3d 792 [2006]; cf. People v Grega, 72 NY2d at 497-498; People v Barnes, 50 NY2d 375, 379 [1980]; People v Vandermuelen, 42 AD3d 667, 668-669 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 965 [2007]). The indictment provided defendant with fair notice of the conspiracy accusation against him and the People’s theory at trial was the same as that charged in the indictment (see People v Osinowo, 28 AD3d at 1013).

We also reject defendant’s remaining challenges to the verdict. While County Court improperly allowed rebuttal testimony of a police lieutenant on a collateral matter—i.e., to impeach the testimony of defendant’s former girlfriend that she had not observed any marihuana in his bedroom on the day of the crimes—such error was harmless in light of the overwhelming evidence of defendant’s guilt (see People v St. Louis, 20 AD3d 592, 593 [2005], lv denied 5 NY3d 856 [2005]; see also People v Knight, 80 NY2d 845, 847 [1992]; People v Crimmins, 36 NY2d 230, 242 [1975]; cf. People v Bellamy, 26 AD3d 638, 640-641 [2006]). The court, however, properly denied defendant’s request for a missing witness charge as to Wells (the shooter) who, unlike the other coconspirators, pleaded guilty to felony murder in exchange for a 20-year prison term without any agreement to testify for the prosecution (People v Wells, 18 AD3d at 1022). While clearly knowledgeable about material facts related to these crimes, defendant made no showing, as required, that the incarcerated Wells “would be expected to testify favorably” for the People (People v Gonzalez, 68 NY2d 424, 428 [1986]; see People v Harris, 19 AD3d 871, 874 [2005], lv denied 5 NY3d 806 [2005]; see also People v Savinon, 100 NY2d 192, 197 [2003]).

Finally, we are persuaded by defendant’s argument that the[*914] imposition of a more severe sentence after his retrial and conviction on the same counts violated his due process rights. Specifically, after the initial trial the sentences were all imposed concurrently (except a lVs to 4-year consecutive sentence for the conspiracy conviction), resulting in an aggregate sentence of 26V3 years to life (20 AD3d at 675), whereas after the retrial, the 15-year prison term imposed upon his conviction for criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree was made consecutive, resulting in an enhanced aggregate sentence of over 41⅓ to life.[3] Where, as here, a defendant convicted after a retrial receives a longer sentence by the same judge who originally imposed sentence, “the actuality or perception of [institutional] judicial vindictiveness” must be neutralized (People v Van Pelt, 76 NY2d 156, 159 [1990]). In order to ensure that defendants are not being penalized for exercising their right to appeal, “a presumption of [institutional] vindictiveness generally arises when defendants who have won appellate reversals are given greater sentences after their retrials than were imposed after their initial convictions” (People v Young, 94 NY2d 171, 176 [1999]; see North Carolina v Pearce, 395 US 711 [1969]; People v Van Pelt, 76 NY2d at 158 [presumption also applies as matter of state due process where different judge imposes sentence after retrial]; cf. Texas v McCullough, 475 US 134 [1986] [under federal law, no presumption if sentenced by different judge]).

To overcome the presumption, the reasons for the enhanced sentence must be stated on the record, and “ ‘must be based on objective information concerning identifiable conduct on the part of the defendant occurring after the time of the original sentencing proceeding’ ” (People v Young, 94 NY2d at 176-177 [emphases added], quoting North Carolina v Pearce, 395 US at 726; see People v Van Pelt, 76 NY2d at 159-160). No such subsequent conduct, new facts or events were articulated here to justify the increased sentence (see People v Van Pelt, 76 NY2d at 161-162; cf. People v Caruso, 34 AD3d 863 [2006], lv denied 8 NY3d 879 [2007]; People v Carroll, 300 AD2d 911 [2002], lv denied 99 NY2d 626 [2003]). Notably, the key witnesses all testified in essentially the same manner and defendant’s central role was known. County Court’s stated reason for the enhancement—that the incarcerated coconspirators were forced to testify again, placing themselves in jeopardy—is not attributable to defendant but, rather, to the original trial court error, and is insufficient to overcome the presumption (see People v [*915] Van Pelt, 76 NY2d at 161-162 [if requiring witnesses to testify at a retrial overcame the presumption of vindictiveness, “that common fact would swallow the rule itself’]; cf. People v Miller, 65 NY2d 502, 509 [1985], cert denied 474 US 951 [1985] [requiring victim to testify at trial after guilty plea vacated on appeal justified higher sentence because the defendant forfeited benefit of bargained-for plea agreement]). Thus, defendant’s sentence on the weapons possession count must run concurrently to the other sentences.

Defendant’s remaining claims have been considered and found to lack merit.

Cardona, P.J., Peters, Lahtinen and Kane, JJ., concur. Ordered that the judgment is modified, on the law, by directing that defendant’s sentence for criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree under count six of the superceding indictment shall run concurrent with the other sentences, and, as so modified, affirmed.

1

Likewise, defendant’s challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence corroborating his accomplices’ testimony is unpreserved and will not be addressed.

2

Defendant, as the originator of the criminal plan, clearly knew the identity of the intended robbery victim and intended and understood that he had agreed with the others to commit the robbery of the victim; defendant had the requisite mens rea for the crime of conspiracy and it is irrelevant, under the unilateral approach to conspiracy adopted in this state, whether the other coconspirators knew the intended victim’s identity from the outset or[*913] when, if ever, there was a “meeting of the minds” on that point (see People v Caban, 5 NY3d 143, 149 [2005]; People v Schwimmer, 66 AD2d 91, 95-96 [1978], affd for reasons stated below 47 NY2d 1004, 1005 [1979]; see also Penal Law § 105.30).

3

A consecutive lVa to 4-year prison term was also imposed after retrial on the conspiracy count; defendant does not challenge this aspect of his sentence, which is the same as after the first trial.