Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co., Inc. v. H. Lawrence Garrett, Iii, Sec'y of the Navy, 2 F.3d 1143 (Fed. Cir. 1993). · Go Syfert
Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co., Inc. v. H. Lawrence Garrett, Iii, Sec'y of the Navy, 2 F.3d 1143 (Fed. Cir. 1993). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
81 citation events (60 in the last 25 years) across 9 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Agma Security Service, Inc. v. United States (uscfc, 2022-06-26)
Treatment trajectory · 1994 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1994 2010 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Agma Security Service, Inc. v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2022 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
the burden is on the government to present a substantial justification for its actions.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Agma Security Service, Inc. v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2022 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
the burden is on the government to present a substantial justification for its actions.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) American Federal Bank, FSB v. United States (2×) also: Cited "see"
Fed. Cl. · 2006 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
due to the lack of reasonably specific documentation concerning the actual work done by the consultants ..., we deny plaintiffj's request for recovery associated with those two experts.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Dominguez v. City Of San Jose (2×) also: Cited "see"
N.D. Cal. · 2023 · confidence medium
“The decision ‘[w]hether to submit special interrogatories 27 to the jury is a matter committed to the discretion of the district court.’” Ruvalcaba v. City of Los 1 Angeles, 167 F.3d 514, 521 (9th Cir. 1999) (quoting Acosta v. City & Cnty. of San Francisco, 83 2 F.3d 1143, 1149 (9th Cir. 1996)). 3 The Court disagrees with Plaintiffs that the special interrogatory requires a new trial as to 4 the Fourteenth Amendment, Bane Act, and punitive damages claims.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Supplycore Inc. v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2022 · confidence medium
The Federal Circuit has held that “the position of the government is not shown to be substantially justified merely because the government prevailed before a lower tribunal.” Community Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145-46 (Fed.
cited Cited as authority (rule) The Green Technology Group, LLC v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2020 · confidence medium
The government bears the burden to demonstrate that its legal position was “substantially justified.” See Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. 269 Acres Located in Beaufort County
D.S.C. · 2020 · confidence medium
No. 173-1 at 46; No. 186-3 at 39.) Courts have noted that they “cannot base awards under the EAJA on unsupported assertions” and therefore require “reasonably specific documentation concerning the actual work done[.]” Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co., Inc. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Fastship, LLC v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2019 · confidence medium
Cl. 139 , 147 n.8 (1999) (in turn citing Community Heating & Plumbing Co., Inc. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Stromness Mpo, LLC v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2018 · confidence medium
Cir. 1995))); Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Meyer Group, Ltd. v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2016 · confidence medium
“The purpose of the EAJA is to ‘eliminate legal expenses as a barrier to *584 challenges of unreasonable government action.’ ” Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co., Inc. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1144 (Fed.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Raymo v. Secretary of Health and Human Services
Fed. Cl. · 2016 · confidence medium
Ceballos, 2004 WL 784910 , at *13 (quoting Community Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Bender v. Secretary of Health and Human Services
Fed. Cl. · 2016 · confidence medium
Mar. 25, 2004) (quoting Comm. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett III, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Sabo v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2016 · confidence medium
“Sufficient documentation requires ‘contemporaneous records of exact time spent on the case, by whom, their status and usual billing rates, as well as a breakdown of expenses such as the amounts spent copying documents, telephone bills, mail costs and other expenditures related to the case.’ ” Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993) (quoting Naporano Iron & Metal Co. v. United States, 825 F.2d 403, 404 (Fed.Cir.1987)); see also Hensley, 461 U.S. at 437 n.12, 103 S.Ct. 1933 (noting that time records should “identify the general subject matter of [the]…
cited Cited as authority (rule) Loutos v. Hhs
Fed. Cl. · 2016 · confidence medium
Mar. 25, 2004) (quoting Comm. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett III, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Gonzalez v. Secretary of Health and Human Services
Fed. Cl. · 2016 · confidence medium
Mar. 25, 2004) (quoting Comm. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett III, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Wollman v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2015 · confidence medium
Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.
cited Cited as authority (rule) O'Neill v. Secretary of Health and Human Services
Fed. Cl. · 2015 · confidence medium
Mar. 25, 2004) (quoting Comm. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett III, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Ulysses, Inc. v. United States (2×)
Fed. Cl. · 2014 · confidence medium
“Under the theory of apportionment, a contractor who receives only a partial judgment is a ‘prevailing party’ under the EAJA and may recover a pro rata portion of its fees and expenses.” Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co., Inc. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993) (citing Naekel v. Dep’t of Transp., Fed.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Mann v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2014 · confidence medium
DISCUSSION A. Legal Standard Recognizing the “economic deterrent” created by the mounting costs of litigation and the vast disparity in resources between the government and individuals (including certain organizations), Congress enacted the EAJA “to eliminate legal expenses as a barrier to challenges of unreasonable government action.” Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Patrick v. Dept. Of Veterans Affairs
Fed. Cir. · 2011 · confidence medium
Laundry & Tailoring v. United States, 693 F.2d 1387, 1392 (Fed.Cir.1982); Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993) (concluding that the government’s position was not substantially justified even where the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals had found that position “convincing”); see also Role Models, 353 F.3d at 967 (holding that the government’s position was not substantially justified notwithstanding the fact that it had been accepted by the district court); Marcus, 17 F.3d at 1037-38 (concluding that where the government’s position was directl…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Metropolitan Van & Storage, Inc. v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2011 · confidence medium
Substantial Justification After a plaintiff demonstrates it is the prevailing party, EAJA requires that the government’s position viewed over the entire course of the dispute was not substantially justified, see 28 U.S.C. § 2412 (d)(1)(B), and “[t]he burden is on the government to present a substantial justification for its actions.” Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993) (EAJA requires the government to show that its position during the course of proceedings was “substantially justified.”); see also Scarborough v. Principi, 541 U.S. at 405 , 124 S…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Adde v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2011 · confidence medium
See, e.g., Hubbard, 480 F.3d at 1333-34 (rejecting the government’s suggestion that the plaintiff was due only 0.06 percent of the fees requested, because the plaintiff had obtained only 0.06 percent of his requested damages); Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993) (rejecting “the ratio of successful claims to total claims” apportionment method); Naekel v. Dep’t of Transp., 884 F.2d 1378, 1379 (Fed.Cir.1989) (rejecting the apportionment of attorney fees based on the number of pages of discussion devoted to different claims in briefs).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Greenhill v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2011 · confidence medium
Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Asphalt Supply & Service, Inc. v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2007 · confidence medium
“The purpose of the EAJA is to ‘eliminate legal expenses as a barrier to challenges of unreasonable government action.’ ” Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993) (citations omitted).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Sweetwater v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2007 · confidence medium
Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co., Inc. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Beta Analytics International, Inc. v. United States (2×) also: Cited "see"
Fed. Cl. · 2007 · confidence medium
It argues that BAI’s costs are insufficiently documented, quoting the following passage from a Federal Circuit decision concerning the award of attorney fees under the Equal Access to Justice Act (“EAJA”), 28 U.S.C. § 2412 : [sjufficient documentation requires ‘contemporaneous records of exact time spent [on the case], by whom, their status and usual billing rates, as well as a breakdown of expenses such as the amounts spent copying documents, telephone bills, mail costs and other expenditures related to the case.’ Def.’s Resp. at 2 (quoting Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Cobell v. Norton
D.D.C. · 2005 · confidence medium
CONTEMPORANEOUS TIME ENTRIES Defendants urge the Court to reject the Interim Fee Petition on the grounds that plaintiffs failed to submit "contemporaneous records of exact time spent on the case, by whom, their status and usual billing rates, as well as a breakdown of expenses such as the amounts spent copying documents, telephone bills, mail costs and other expenditures related to the case." Opposition, at 8 (quoting Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Cobell v. Norton
D.D.C. · 2005 · confidence medium
CONTEMPORANEOUS TIME ENTRIES Defendants urge the Court to reject the Interim Fee Petition on the grounds that plaintiffs failed to submit “contemporaneous records of exact time spent on the case, by whom, their status and usual billing rates, as well as a breakdown of expenses such as the amounts spent copying documents, telephone bills, mail costs and other expenditures related to the case.” Opposition, at 8 (quoting Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) CEMS, Inc. v. United States (2×) also: Cited "see"
Fed. Cl. · 2005 · confidence medium
“The purpose of the EAJA is to ‘eliminate legal expenses as a barrier to challenges of unreasonable government action.’ ” Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir. 1993) (citations omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Keeton Corrections, Inc. v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2004 · confidence medium
Thus, the government contends that because plaintiff “has achieved only partial or limited success, the product of hours reasonably expended on the litigation as a whole times a reasonable hourly rate may be an excessive amount.” Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 436 , 103 S.Ct. 1933 , 76 L.Ed.2d 40 (1983); Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Swisher v. United States
D. Kan. · 2003 · confidence medium
Accord id. at 681 (reducing overall fees by 20% to account for duplicative billing, and citing cases); Cloverport, 10 Cl.Ct. at 125 (10% reduction for duplication of efforts under URA); cf. Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 486-37 , 103 S.Ct. 1933 , 76 L.Ed.2d 40 (1983) (holding that trial courts have discretion to reduce fee pro rata according to degree of success achieved); Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993). 4.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Preseault V. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2002 · confidence medium
Acres of Land, 32 F.3d 632 , 633-34 (1st Cir.1994) (affirming 30% reduction under URA where records indicate fees may be excessive or duplicative); Cloverport, 10 Cl.Ct. at 125 (10% reduction for duplication of efforts under URA); cf. Hensley, 461 U.S. at 436-37 , 103 S.Ct. 1933 (trial courts have discretion to reduce fee pro rata according to degree of success achieved); Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993) (same). 4.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Baldi Bros. Constructors v. United States (2×)
Fed. Cl. · 2002 · confidence medium
Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993); Gavette v. OPM, 808 F.2d 1456, 1459-60 (Fed.Cir.1986) (en banc) (EAJA enacted to reduce disparity between liability for fees and expenses of private parties and that of Government).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Freedom v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2001 · confidence medium
Plaintiff has not responded to defendant’s contention that this work is du-plicative, nor has plaintiff provided “reasonably specific documentation concerning the actual work done,” Community Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993), sufficient to allow the court to determine whether the amounts claimed are reasonable.
examined Cited as authority (rule) KMS Fusion, Inc. v. United States (4×) also: Cited "see"
Fed. Cl. · 1997 · confidence medium
After prevailing on some of its claims in the underlying lawsuit, plaintiff filed this application seeking $163,164.90 in attorneys’ fees and $52,676.13 in expenses. 4 DISCUSSION “The purpose of the EAJA is ‘to eliminate legal expenses as a barrier to challenges of unreasonable government action.’ ” Community Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993) (quoting Ellis v. United States, 711 F.2d 1571, 1576 (Fed.Cir.1983)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Guzman-Diaz v. Brown
Vet. App. · 1997 · confidence medium
Finally, citing Naporano, supra, and Beta Systems, Inc. v. United States, 866 F.2d 1404 (Fed.Cir.1989) (discussed in part II.A.2, below), the Federal Circuit in Community Heating & Plumbing v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993), held that the attorney-fee documentation in the application was sufficiently itemized to support an award of fees.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Walker v. North Carolina Coastal Resources Commission
N.C. Ct. App. · 1996 · confidence medium
Ed. 2d 38 (1992) (“ [completely unfounded claims sometimes, for a variety of reasons, survive beyond their just desserts”); and Community Heating & Plumbing v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145-46 (Fed.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Walker v. NC COASTAL RESOURCES COM'N
N.C. Ct. App. · 1996 · confidence medium
See also Pierce, 487 U.S. at 569 , 108 S.Ct. at 2552 , 101 L.Ed.2d at 507 ("fact that one other court agreed or disagreed with the Government does not establish whether its position was substantially justified"); United States v. Paisley, 957 F.2d 1161, 1166 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, Crandon v. United States, 506 U.S. 822 , 113 S.Ct. 73 , 121 L.Ed.2d 38 (1992)("[c]ompletely unfounded claims sometimes, for a variety of reasons, survive beyond their just desserts"); and Community Heating & Plumbing v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145-46 (Fed.Cir.1993)(position of government "is not shown to be substan…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Felton v. Brown (2×) also: Cited "see"
Vet. App. · 1994 · confidence medium
App. at 237 ; Community Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993); Gavette v. OPM, 808 F.2d 1456, 1467 (Fed.Cir.1986) (en banc).
discussed Cited "see" 4dd Holdings, LLC v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2021 · signal: see · confidence high
See Community Heating & Plumbing, Inc. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.
discussed Cited "see" Carmichael v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2006 · signal: accord · confidence high
Gavette v. OPM, 808 F.2d 1456, 1459-60 (Fed.Cir.1986) (en banc); accord Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993) (explaining that Congress enacted the EAJA to “eliminate legal expenses as a barrier to challenges of unreasonable government action”).
discussed Cited "see" Filtration Development Co., LLC v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2005 · signal: accord · confidence high
Cir.1986) (en banc); accord Cmty. Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993) (explaining that Congress enacted the EAJA to “eliminate legal expenses as a barrier to challenges of unreasonable government action”).
cited Cited "see" Brickwood Contractors, Inc. v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2001 · signal: see · confidence high
See Cmty, Heating & Plumbing Co., Inc. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir. 1993).
cited Cited "see" Gutz v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See Community Heating & Plumbing v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993).
cited Cited "see" Massie v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See Community Heating & Plumbing v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993).
discussed Cited "see" Gargoyles, Inc. v. United States (2×)
Fed. Cl. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See Community Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145-46 (Fed.Cir.1993).
cited Cited "see" Gonzalez v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See Community Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1145 (Fed.Cir.1993); Gavette, 808 F.2d at 1465-66 ; Bailey v. United States, 721 F.2d 357, 359 (Fed.Cir.1983).
examined Cited "see" Elcyzyn v. Brown (3×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Vet. App. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See Community Heating & Plumbing, 2 F.3d at 1146 ; McNulty v. Sullivan, 886 F.2d 1074 (8th Cir.1989); Wonders v. Shalala, 822 F.Supp. 1345 (E.D.Wis.1993).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Information Sciences Corp. v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2007 · signal: see also · confidence medium
See Gov’t Resp. at 21; see also Cmty. Heating & Plumbing, 2 F.3d at 1146 (denying expert fees because the claimant failed to provide “reasonably specific documentation concerning the actual work done by the consultant.”); Naporano Iron & Metal Co. v. United States, 825 F.2d 403, 404 (Fed.Cir.1987) (“Only by knowing the specific task performed can the reasonableness of the number of hours required for any individual item be judged.”).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Applegate v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2002 · signal: see also · confidence medium
Thus, in rejecting arguments that documentation was insufficiently itemized, the Federal Circuit and this court have tended to emphasize that all that is required is “typical billing records.” Beta Systems, Inc. v. United States, 866 F.2d 1404, 1406-07 (Fed.Cir.1989); see also Community Heating & Plumbing Co., Inc. v. Garrett, 2 F.3d 1143, 1146 (Fed.Cir.1993); KMS Fusion, Inc., 39 Fed.Cl. at 601 .
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
COMMUNITY HEATING & PLUMBING COMPANY, INC., Appellant,
v.
H. Lawrence GARRETT, III, Secretary of the Navy, Appellee
92-1362.
Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.
Aug 20, 1993.
2 F.3d 1143
Gary R. Boehlert, Watt, Tieder, Killian & Hoffar, McLean, VA, argued, for appellant. With him on the brief was Douglas C. Prox-mire., Dean L. Grayson, Atty., Commercial Litigation Branch, Dept, of Justice, Washington, DC, argued, for appellee. With him on the brief were Stuart M. Gerson, Asst. Atty. Gen., David M. Cohen, Director and Martha H. DeGraff, Asst. Director, Washington, DC. Also on the brief was Ronald L. Fouse, Office of Gen. Counsel, Dept, of Navy, Washington, DC, of counsel.
Newman, Bennett, Lourie.
Cited by 53 opinions  |  Published

ORDER

BENNETT, Senior Circuit Judge.

Community Heating & Plumbing Company, Inc. (Community), applies for attorney fees and expenses in the amount of $137,442.21, pursuant to the Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA), 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d) (1988), with respect to this court’s rulings favorable to Community in Community Heating & Plumbing Co. v. Kelso, Acting Secretary of the Navy, 987 F.2d 1575 (Fed.Cir.1993). The application is granted in the amount of $58,859.15.

In the initial action, Community filed seven separate claims with the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals (board) against the government in connection with its contract to remove and replace the condensate and steam system located at the Marine Corps Air Station, Cherry Point, North Carolina. All seven of Community’s claims were denied by the board. Six of the claims were denied after the board found that there had been an accord and satisfaction between the parties. 92-2 BCA (CCH ¶ 24,870, at 124,051).

The board noted in its decision that, had there not been an accord and satisfaction, Community would have succeeded on the single claim related to lost labor productivity, ASBCA No. 40151. On review, we held that there had been no accord and satisfaction and reversed and remanded the denial of the lost labor productivity claim for the purpose of determining quantum. We upheld the rejection of the other six claims on other grounds.

The purpose of the EAJA is “to eliminate legal expenses as a barrier to challenges of unreasonable government action.” Ellis v. United States, 711 F.2d 1571, 1576 (Fed.Cir.1983). Accordingly, the EAJA authorizes this court to award attorney fees and expenses incurred by contractors who prevail in litigation against the government provided the contractors do not exceed certain size and net worth limitations. 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(A) (1988); 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d) (1988); 5 U.S.C. § 504 (1988). The government may escape liability for legal expenses if its actions were substantially justified or if special circumstances make the award unjust. 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(A) (1988). The burden is on the government to present a substantial justification for its actions. Pierce v. Underwood, 487 U.S. 552, 575-76, 108 S.Ct. 2541, 2555-56, 101 L.Ed.2d 490 (1988); Morris Mechanical Enters., Inc. v. United States, 728 F.2d 497 (Fed.Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1033, 105 S.Ct. 503, 83 L.Ed.2d 395 (1984).

As previously stated, the success of Community’s claim for lost labor productivity depended directly upon the existence of an accord and satisfaction. On appeal, Community alleged that there could not have been an accord and satisfaction because the government continued to negotiate and audit Community’s claims over a period of two and one-half years. In response, the government provided a chart in its brief indicating that there had been only a short period of time between the certification of Community’s claims and their denial.

However, that chart proved somewhat misleading because it failed to disclose that several of the claims had previously been asserted and withdrawn by Community during the course of negotiations with the government. “Whether or not the position of the United States was substantially justified shall be determined on the basis of the record.... 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(B) (1988).” Here, the record contradicted the government’s assertions. Nevertheless, the government maintained on appeal that Community should not recover on its lost labor productivity claim.

The government now reasons that its actions must have been substantially justified since the board had found the government’s case convincing. However, the position of the government is not shown to be substan[*1146] tially justified merely because- the government prevailed before a lower tribunal. Schuenemeyer v. United States, 776 F.2d 329, 331 (Fed.Cir.1985); Broad Ave. Laundry & Tailoring v. United States, 693 F.2d 1387, 1392 (Fed.Cir.1982). In the absence of any further explanation, we hold that the government has failed to show that its actions were substantially justified. Community is therefore entitled to recover certain attorney fees and other expenses in connection with its one successful claim.

The government argues that Community’s documentation is not sufficiently itemized to support an award of fees. We disagree. Sufficient documentation requires “contemporaneous records of exact time spent on the case, by whom, their status and usual billing rates, as well as a breakdown of expenses such as the amounts spent copying documents, telephone bills, mail costs and other expenditures related to the case.” Naporano Iron & Metal Co. v. United States, 825 F.2d 403, 404 (Fed.Cir.1987); Owen v. United States, 861 F.2d 1273 (Fed.Cir.1988). Community’s documentation represents “typical billing records,” Beta Sys., Inc. v. United States, 866 F.2d 1404, 1406-07 (Fed.Cir.1989), and provides enough information to meet the statutory requirements.

Under the theory of apportionment, a contractor who receives only a partial judgment is a “prevailing party” under the EAJA and may recover a pro rata portion of its fees and expenses. Naekel v. Dep’t of Transp., Fed. Aviation Admin., 884 F.2d 1378, 1379 (Fed.Cir.1989). Community presented documentation demonstrating that its attorneys spent approximately 30% of their time addressing the issue of accord and satisfaction. Moreover, Community asserts that the lost labor productivity claim was one of seven claims and thus constituted about 15% of the total action. Accordingly, Community seeks an award of 45% (30% plus 15%) of its total attorney fees. Community’s reasoning is flawed. For example, consider that if it had been able to recover on all seven of its claims, based upon the above reasoning, Community would be entitled to receive 130% (30% plus seven sevenths or 100%) of its attorney fees.

The government argues that our award should be based upon the ratio of successful claims to total claims or in this case one-to-seven (15%). Thus, the government would limit the award of attorney fees to 15% of the total amount. This calculation underestimates the actual expenses incurred by Community in addressing the lost labor productivity claim as indicated by the documentation provided.

To recover on its lost labor productivity claim, Community had to refute the government’s allegations of accord and satisfaction. Once that issue was overcome, Community was entitled to recovery. The documentation indicates that Community’s attorneys devoted 30% of their time to the accord and satisfaction issue. Community is therefore entitled to 30% of its total attorney fees.

Under the EAJA, a party may not recover fees in excess of $75 per hour “unless the court determines that an increase in the cost of living or a special factor such as the limited availability of qualified attorneys for the proceedings involved, justifies a higher fee.” 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(2)(A) (1988). Community makes no attempt to argue that its attorneys are somehow entitled to a higher rate. We have therefore recalculated Community’s attorney fees based upon a rate of $75 per hour. See Beta Sys., Inc., 866 F.2d at 1407.

Community also seeks to recover the charges associated with one expert and two consultants. The government concedes the charges for the expert, but contests Community’s request for recovery connected with the two consultants. We cannot base awards under the EAJA on unsupported assertions. Naporano Iron & Metal Co., 825 F.2d at 403. Due to the lack of reasonably specific documentation concerning the actual work done by the consultants in connection with the lost labor productivity claim, we deny Community’s request for recovery associated with those two experts.

As for Community’s request for expenses and charges for non-attorney staff (paralegals, etc.) we find Community’s documentation sufficient and therefore award 30% of the amount requested.

[*1147] SUMMARY
Attorney fees (1,847.2 hrs. x $75/hr.) ll $138,540.00
Nonattorney staff (paralegals, etc.).. + 10,321.25
Expenses. + 24,664.08
Sum. $173,525.33
x _30%
Subtotal $ 52,057.60
Charges for expert (Mr. Rose) . + 6,801.55
Total. $ 58,859.15

Since there is no indication by Community that it incurred any attorney fees on a contingency fee arrangement, there is no reason to delay this order pending the board’s resolution of quantum.

Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED THAT:

(1) The application for attorney fees and other expenses of Appellant Community Heating & Plumbing Company, Inc., is granted; and (2) reasonable attorney fees and other expenses are awarded in the amount of $58,859.15.