UNITED STATES of Am. v. Eddie Roosevelt HANDS, 184 F.3d 1322. · Go Syfert
UNITED STATES of Am. v. Eddie Roosevelt HANDS, 184 F.3d 1322. Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
308 citation events (289 in the last 25 years) across 14 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: United States v. Rolando Antuain Williamson (ca11, 2025-02-13) · Strongest negative: United States v. Reginald Dewayne Dixon (ca11, 2009-05-20)
Treatment trajectory · 1999 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1999 2012 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
cited Cited "but see" United States v. Reginald Dewayne Dixon
11th Cir. · 2009 · signal: but cf. · confidence high
But cf. United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1328-29 (11th Cir.1999).
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United States v. Rolando Antuain Williamson
11th Cir. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
we need not reverse conviction if the error had no substantial influence on the outcome and sufficient evidence uninfected by error supports the verdict.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United States v. Max Jeri
11th Cir. · 2017 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
an erroneous evi-dentiary ruling will result in reversal only if the resulting error was not harmless.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United States v. Marvin Baker (3×) also: Cited as authority (rule), Cited "see"
11th Cir. · 2005 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
we determine whether an error had substantial influence on the outcome by weighing the record as a whole, examining the facts, the trial context of the error, and the prejudice created thereby as juxtaposed against the strength of the evidence of defendant's guilt.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United States v. Thomas E. Fallen
11th Cir. · 2001 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
an erroneous evidentiary ruling will result in reversal only if the resulting error was not harmless.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. Abercrombie
M.D. Ala. · 2019 · signal: cf. · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
when assessing the effect of the evidentiary error upon the case as a whole, we also must consider the prosecutor's closing argument.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. J. Harris Morgan, Jr. (2×) also: Cited "see"
11th Cir. · 2012 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
an error may substantially influence an outcome and thus warrant reversal even if the evidence, had no error occurred, would have been sufficient to support the conviction.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. J. Harris Morgan, Jr.
11th Cir. · 2012 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
an error may substantially influence an outcome and thus warrant reversal even if the evidence, had no error occurred, would have been sufficient to support the conviction.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Brendan Gates (2×)
11th Cir. · 2026 · confidence medium
This is therefore not a case like United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1332 (11th Cir. 1999), where the prosecutor asked the defendant during his testimony whether he had beaten his wife, in- troduced into evidence photographs depicting the alleged beating, and the district court did not give a limiting or curative instruction.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Gerard Beasley (2×)
11th Cir. · 2026 · confidence medium
“An error is harmless unless there is a reasonable likelihood that it af- fected the defendant’s substantial rights.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999) (quotation marks omitted and al- terations adopted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Tyler Wallace v. TSI Inc
11th Cir. · 2026 · confidence medium
“Rule 403 is an extraordinary remedy, whose major function is limited to excluding matter of scant or cumulative probative force, dragged in by the heels for the sake of its prejudicial effect.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1328 (11th Cir. 1999) (quotation and ellipsis omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) State v. Richey
Utah Ct. App. · 2025 · confidence medium
This evidence is neither “graphic” nor “arresting,” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999), and, even if true, it pales in comparison to the charged conduct. ¶102 Lastly, when considered along with the other evidence presented at trial, we think it unlikely that excluding Sandy’s statements would have changed the evidentiary picture in a meaningful way for two reasons.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Linda Banks v. Marketsource, Inc.
11th Cir. · 2025 · confidence medium
To justify a new trial, the elements of the case must “add up to a conclusion that the im- proper admission of evidence was not harmless error.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1334 (11th Cir. 1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Michael Adix (2×) also: Cited "see"
11th Cir. · 2025 · confidence medium
Generally, we will not reverse a defendant’s conviction “if the error ‘had no substantial influence on the outcome and suffi- cient evidence uninfected by error supports the verdict.’” See USCA11 Case: 23-11548 Document: 44-1 Date Filed: 03/27/2025 Page: 14 of 21 14 Opinion of the Court 23-11548 United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.), corrected, 194 F.3d 1186 (11th Cir. 1999) (citation omitted); see also Fed.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Eric Ewing v. Carnival Corporation
11th Cir. · 2024 · confidence medium
See, e.g., United States v. Abel, 469 U.S. 45 , 54–55 (1984) (examining evidence intended to impeach a witness for bias under Rule 403); United States v. Henderson, 409 F.3d 1293, 1298 (11th Cir. 2005) (same); United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1328 (11th Cir. 1999) (holding that impeachment evidence of violent spousal abuse was excludable under Rule 403 because it was “particularly likely to incite a jury to an irrational decision” (quotation omitted)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Kenneth Hart
4th Cir. · 2024 · confidence medium
Id. at 1325, 1328.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. John Thomas Burnette
11th Cir. · 2023 · confidence medium
“An evidentiary error ‘is harmless unless there is a reasonable likelihood that [it] affected the defend- ant’s substantial rights.’” United States v. Frediani, 790 F.3d 1196, 1202 (11th Cir. 2015) (quoting United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Paul Stephen Valdez
11th Cir. · 2023 · confidence medium
“An error is harmless unless there is a reasonable likelihood that it affected the defendant’s substantial rights.” Langford, 647 F.3d at 1323 (quoting United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Andres Mencia
11th Cir. · 2022 · confidence medium
Under the harm- less error standard, we need not reverse a conviction because of evidentiary error when “the error had no substantial influence on the outcome and sufficient evidence uninfected by error supports the verdict.” Id. (quoting United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999)).
examined Cited as authority (rule) Harris v. State (4×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. · 2022 · confidence medium
See, e.g., Heard, 309 Ga. at 94 (noting that the evidence that Appellant committed the charged crimes was “shaky”); Carlton, 356 Ga. App. at 10 (holding that the improper admission of evidence of Appellant’s “sexually deviant behavior” was not harmless in light of 117 the “highly disputed evidence” about whether the appellant had the requisite intent to commit the charged crimes); Hands, 184 F3d at 1332 (holding that the erroneous admission of the appellant’s past acts of domestic violence was not harmless when the evidence that the appellant committed the charged crimes was �…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Andres Mencia
11th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
Under the harmless error standard, we need not reverse a conviction because of evidentiary error when “the error had no substantial influence 21 USCA11 Case: 18-13967 Date Filed: 06/09/2021 Page: 22 of 33 on the outcome and sufficient evidence uninfected by error supports the verdict.” Id. (quoting United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Thyrone Jones
11th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
“An error is harmless unless there is a reasonable likelihood that it affected the defendant’s substantial rights.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999) (alteration adopted) (internal quotation marks omitted).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Kenneth Lamar Weathers, Jr.
11th Cir. · 2020 · confidence medium
“An error is harmless unless there is a reasonable likelihood that [it] affected the defendant’s substantial rights.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Henry Austin, II
11th Cir. · 2020 · confidence medium
“Even if an evidentiary ruling is erroneous, ‘that ruling will result in reversal only if the error was not harmless.’” United States v. Khanani, 502 F.3d 1281, 1292 (11th Cir. 2007) (alteration adopted) (quoting United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) State v. Lane
Ga. · 2020 · confidence medium
See, e.g., United States v. Adams, 722 F3d 788, 832-833 (6th Cir. 2013) (concluding that combined prejudice of various different evidentiary errors and trial court’s handling of issues related to jury’s use of transcripts of audio recordings necessitated a new trial); United States v. Al-Moayad, 545 F3d 139, 178 (2d Cir. 2008) (vacating convictions based on cumulative effect of various evidentiary errors, as well as trial court’s questionable handling of jury instruction issue); United States v. Hands, 184 F3d 1322, 1334 (11th Cir. 1999) (concluding that improper admission of evidence wa…
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Michael Munday
11th Cir. · 2020 · confidence medium
“An error is harmless unless there is a reasonable likelihood that it affected the defendant's substantial rights.” Id. (quoting United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Cedric Gray
11th Cir. · 2019 · confidence medium
“An error is harmless unless there is a reasonable likelihood that it affected the defendant’s substantial rights,” and we will affirm where “the error had no substantial influence on the outcome and sufficient evidence uninfected by error supports the verdict.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999) (internal alteration, quotation marks, and citations omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Lourdes Margarita Garcia
11th Cir. · 2018 · confidence medium
We make this calculus “by weighing the record as a whole, examining the facts, the trial context of the error, and the prejudice created thereby as juxtaposed against the strength of the evidence of defendant's guilt.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999) (quotations and citations omitted).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Abel Sabino-Hernandez
11th Cir. · 2017 · confidence medium
United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1333 (11th Cir. 1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Thomsin Pierre
11th Cir. · 2017 · confidence medium
This Court will reverse on the basis of an erroneous evidentiary ruling “only if the resulting error was not harmless.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.), corrected by 194 F.3d 1186 (11th Cir. 1999); see also Fed.
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Bryant L. Cochran
11th Cir. · 2017 · confidence medium
United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Cheryl A. Dotson
11th Cir. · 2016 · confidence medium
United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Joseph Peter Clarke (2×)
11th Cir. · 2016 · confidence medium
We ask whether the combined effect of the errors had a “substantial influence on the outcome by weighing the record as a whole, examining the facts, the trial context of the error, and the prejudice created thereby as juxtaposed against the strength of the evidence of defendant’s guilt.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Gaskin v. the State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
The Eleventh Circuit has held that “[a]n erroneous evidentiary ruling will result in reversal only if the resulting error was not harmless.” United States v. Hands, 184 F3d 1322, 1329 (II) (C) (11th Cir. 1999), corrected, 194 F3d 1186 (11th Cir. 1999).
examined Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Azmat (4×) also: Cited "see"
11th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
Moreover, “[a]n erroneous evidentiary ruling will result in reversal only if the resulting error was not harmless.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999). 8 D.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Blaine Johnston (2×)
11th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
But “[a]n error may substantially influence an outcome and thus warrant reversal even if the evidence, had no error occurred, would have been sufficient to 52 Case: 14-10040 Date Filed: 08/26/2015 Page: 53 of 55 support the conviction.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.), corrected, 194 F.3d 1186 (11th Cir. 1999) (discussing the harmless error standard in the context of erroneous evidentiary rulings).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Trevor Alexander Watson
11th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
An error is harmless if it had “no substantial influence on the outcome and sufficient evidence uninfected by error supports the verdict.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999) (quoting United States v. Fortenberry, 971 F.2d 717, 722 (11th Cir.1992)); United States v. Phaknikone, 605 F.3d 1099, 1109 (11th Cir.2010) (“Reversal is warranted only if the error resulted in actual prejudice because it had substantial and injurious effect or influence in determining the jury’s verdict.” *657 (internal quotation marks and alterations omitted)); see also Fed.R.Crim.P. 52…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Steven Frediana (2×)
11th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
“An erroneous evidentiary ruling will result in reversal only if the resulting error was not harmless.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999), corrected by 194 F.3d 1186 (11th Cir. 1999). 7 Case: 14-11998 Date Filed: 06/22/2015 Page: 8 of 14 III.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Steven Frediana (2×)
11th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
“An erroneous evidentiary ruling will result in reversal only if the resulting error was not harmless.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999), corrected by 194 F.3d 1186 (11th Cir.1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Steven Frediana (2×)
11th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
“An erroneous evidentiary ruling will result in reversal only if the resulting error was not harmless.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir. 1999), corrected by 194 F.3d 1186 (11th Cir. 1999). 7 Case: 14-11998 Date Filed: 06/22/2015 Page: 8 of 14 III.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Lawrence Perrier (2×) also: Cited "see"
11th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Joseph Peter Clarke (2×)
11th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
We ask whether the combined effect of the errors had a “substantial influence on the outcome by weighing the record as a whole, examining the facts, the trial context of the error, and the prejudice created thereby as juxtaposed against the strength of the evidence of defendant’s guilt.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. John Cameron Cain (2×) also: Cited "see"
11th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
We need not reverse a defendant’s conviction “if the error had no substantial influence on the outcome and sufficient evidence uninfected by error supports the verdict.” Hands, 184 F.3d at 1329 (internal quotation marks omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Paul S. Kruse (2×)
11th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
“We determine whether an error had substantial influence on the outcome by weighing the record as a whole, examining the facts, the trial context of the error, and the prejudice created thereby as juxtaposed against the strength of the evidence of defendant’s guilt.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999) (citations and quotation marks omitted).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Carl Winston Ellis
11th Cir. · 2014 · confidence medium
We will reverse an erroneous evidentiary ruling “only if the resulting error was not harmless.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.), corrected by 194 F.3d 1186 (11th Cir.1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Joseph Johnson, Jr. (2×) also: Cited "see"
11th Cir. · 2014 · confidence medium
United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Andrew S. Mackey
11th Cir. · 2014 · confidence medium
We determine whether error was harmless “by weighing the record as a whole ... examining the facts, the trial context of the error, and the prejudice created thereby as juxtaposed against the strength of the evidence of [the] defendant’s guilt.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). a.
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Odalys Fernandez, e tal
11th Cir. · 2014 · confidence medium
Cf. Romine v. Head, 253 F.3d 1349 , 1369 (11th Cir.2001); United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1333 (11th Cir. 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Demuntray D. Cox
11th Cir. · 2013 · confidence medium
United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Demetrius Gregory Floyd
11th Cir. · 2013 · confidence medium
We will reverse an erroneous evidentia-ry ruling “only if the resulting error was not harmless.” United States v. Hands, 184 F.3d 1322, 1329 (11th Cir.1999), modified by 194 F.3d 1186 (11th Cir.1999); see also Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(a).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Eddie Roosevelt HANDS, Defendant-Appellant.

No. 97-6718.

United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit.

Oct. 27, 1999.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama (No. 97-00024-001); Alex T. Howard, Jr., Judge.

ORDER

Motion of the Appellee to strike footnote 31 of the Court's opinion, dated August 18, 1999 [184 F.3d

1322], is GRANTED.