In the Interest of L. T., 754 S.E.2d 380 (Ga. Ct. App. 2014). · Go Syfert
In the Interest of L. T., 754 S.E.2d 380 (Ga. Ct. App. 2014). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
86 citation events (86 in the last 25 years) across 1 distinct court.
Strongest positive: K. B. v. Cobb County School District (gactapp, 2026-03-11)
Treatment trajectory · 2014 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2014 2020 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
cited Cited as authority (rule) K. B. v. Cobb County School District
Ga. Ct. App. · 2026 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 17 Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1)(a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013) (punctuation omitted).
cited Cited as authority (rule) EMELY GOMEZ v. USAA CASUALTY INSURANCE COMPANY
Ga. Ct. App. · 2026 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (same); Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273 (2) (same).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) In the Interest of T.J., a Child
Ga. Ct. App. · 2025 · confidence medium
It means what it says, see Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013), and in context, is part of a statutory scheme whose purpose is, among other things, to acknowledge that certain behaviors or conditions occurring within a family or school environment indicate that a child is experiencing serious difficulties and is in need of services and corrective action in order to protect such child from the irreversibility of certain choices and to protect the integrity of such child’s family; [and] . . . [t]o provide a child 4 See generally In the Interest of L.T., 325 Ga. Ap…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) ROBERT JOSEPH SMITH v. PHILLIPE E. GADEGBEKU
Ga. Ct. App. · 2025 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 6 Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013) (punctuation omitted); accord Flanders, 344 Ga. App. at 495 (1); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 7 Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); accord Flanders, 344 Ga. App. at 495-96 (1); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); see also Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 ) (2015) (“A statute draws it meaning, of course, from its text.” (punctuation and citation omitted)); Chan …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) MACON-BIBB COUNTY v. GREEN MEADOWS HOUSING PARTNERS, L. P. (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2024 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 55 Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013) (punctuation omitted); accord Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1). 56 See Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see also Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 ) (2015) (“A statute draws it meaning, of course, from its text.” (punctuation and citation omitted)); State v. Able, 321 Ga. App. 632, 636 ( 742 SE2d 149 ) (2013) (“A judge is charged with interpreting the law in accordance with the original …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) ANGELA D. WILSON v. NIRANDR INTHACHAK
Ga. Ct. App. · 2024 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (same); Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273 (2) (same); see also OCGA § 1-3-1 (b) (“In all interpretations of statutes, the ordinary signification shall be applied to all words . . . .”); Scherr v. Marriott Int’l, Inc., 703 F3d 1069, 1077 (II) (C) (2) (7th Cir. 2013) (Manion, J.) (“In statutory construction cases, we begin with the language of the statute itself and the specific context in which that language is used.” (citation and punctuation omitted)). 7 Deal, 294 Ga. at 172-73 (1) (a); accord Luangkhot v. State, 292 Ga. 423, 424 (1) ( …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) SCRUDDER, BASS, QUILLIAN, HORLOCK, LAZARUS & ADELE, LLP v. RHONDA BARKEN (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2024 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 11 Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) () ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013) (punctuation omitted); accord Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1). 12 See Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see also Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 ) (2015) (“A statute draws it meaning, of course, from its text.” (punctuation and citation omitted)); Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 ( 770 SE2d 851 ) (2015) (same); State v. Able, 321 Ga. App. 632, 636 ( 742 SE2d 149 ) (2013) (“A judge is cha…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Justin Hewett v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2024 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 20 Monumedia II, LLC, 343 Ga. App. at 51-52 (1) (punctuation omitted); accord Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 21 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 (2015) (“A statute draws its meaning, of course, from its text.” (punctuation and citation omitted)); Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 (1) …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Kaitlin Poole v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2023 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 10 Monumedia II, LLC, 343 Ga. App. at 51-52 (1) (punctuation omitted); accord Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 6 ordinary meaning,11 consider the text contextually,12 read the text “in its most natural and reasonable way, as an ordinary speaker of the English language would,”13 and seek to “avoid a construction that makes some language mere surplusage.”14 Simply put, 11 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) TERRANCE KYLE ALEXANDER v. KHORI FRANCIS
Ga. Ct. App. · 2023 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 17 Monumedia II, LLC, 343 Ga. App. at 51-52 (1) (punctuation omitted); accord Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 18 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 (2015) (“A statute draws its meaning, of course, from its text.” (punctuation and citation omitted)); Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 (1) …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Marquesa Swarn v. Bruce Thompson, Commissioner, Georgia Department of Labor (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2023 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 6 Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013) (punctuation omitted); accord Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1). 7 See Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see also Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 ) (2015) (“A statute draws it meaning, of course, from its text.” (punctuation and citation omitted)); Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 ( 770 SE2d 851 ) (2015) (same); State v. Able, 321 Ga. App. 632, 636 ( 742 SE2d 149 ) (2013) (“A judge is char…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) State v. Marty Dustin Whitman (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2023 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 7 Monumedia II, LLC, 343 Ga. App. at 51-52 (1) (punctuation omitted); accord Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 3 text its plain and ordinary meaning,8 consider the text contextually,9 read the text “in its most natural and reasonable way, as an ordinary speaker of the English language would,”10 and seek to “avoid a construction that makes some language mere 8 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Dea…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) T. Davis Humphries v. Newton County Board of Commissioners
Ga. Ct. App. · 2023 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 18 Monumedia II, LLC, 343 Ga. App. at 51-52 (1) (punctuation omitted); accord Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 19 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 (2015) (“A statute draws its meaning, of course, from its text.” (punctuation & citation omitted)); Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 (1) ( …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) The Augusta Press, Inc. v. Richard Roundtree, Sheriff of Richmond County (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2023 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 5 Monumedia II, LLC, 343 Ga. App. at 51-52 (1) (punctuation omitted); accord Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 6 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 (2015) (“A statute draws its meaning, of course, from its text.” (punctuation & citation omitted)); Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 (1) ( 77…
cited Cited as authority (rule) In the Interest of S.D., a Child
Ga. Ct. App. · 2022 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591-592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (citations and punctuation omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Tracy Shuler v. Geraldine Akpan
Ga. Ct. App. · 2022 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (punctuation omitted); accord Belknap, 351 Ga. App. at 751 (1); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 518 (1). 20 See Kennedy v. Carlton, 294 Ga. 576, 578 (2) ( 757 SE2d 46 ) (2014) (concluding that the General Assembly’s express use of a specific term in a statute was intentional and not “mere surplusage” (punctuation omitted)). 21 See OCGA § 9-11-4 (f) (1) (A). 12 so, and we must presume its failure to do so here was a matter of considered choice.22 Moreover, reading the statute in this manner adheres to the longstanding tenets of statutory constru…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Kemron Environmental Services, Inc. v. Prospira Paincare, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2022 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (same); Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273 (2) (same); see also OCGA § 1-3-1 (b) (“In all interpretations of statutes, the ordinary signification shall be applied to all words . . . .”); Scherr v. Marriott Int’l, Inc., 703 F3d 1069, 1077 (II) (C) (2) (7th Cir. 2013) (Manion, J.) (“In statutory construction cases, we begin with the language of the statute itself and the specific context in which that language is used.” (citation & punctuation omitted)). 8 Deal, 294 Ga. at 172-73 (1) (a); accord Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273 (2). 9 In the I…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) In the Interest of A.A., a Child
Ga. Ct. App. · 2022 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (same); Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273 (2) (same); see also OCGA § 1-3-1 (b) (“In all interpretations of statutes, the ordinary signification shall be applied to all words . . . .”); Scherr v. Marriott Int’l, Inc., 703 F3d 1069, 1077 (II) (C) (2) (7th Cir. 2013) (Manion, J.) (“In statutory construction cases, we begin with the language of the 5 and reasonable way, as an ordinary speaker of the English language would,”7 and seek to “avoid a construction that makes some language mere surplusage.”8 And when the language of a statute …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Dekalb County Board of Tax Assessors v. Jimmy C. Barrett
Ga. Ct. App. · 2021 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 8 Monumedia II, LLC, 343 Ga. App. at 51-52 (1) (punctuation omitted); accord Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 9 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 (2015) (“A statute draws its meaning, of course, from its text.”) (punctuation and citation omitted)); Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 (1) (…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) PHILLIP BEASLEY v. GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS
Ga. Ct. App. · 2021 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (“[I]n analyzing the meaning of a statute, our charge as an appellate court is to presume that the General Assembly meant what it said and said what it meant.” (punctuation omitted)); State v. Able, 321 Ga. App. 632, 636 ( 742 SE2d 149 ) (2013) (“A judge is charged with interpreting the law in accordance with the original and/or plain meaning of the text at issue (and all that the text fairly implies) . . . .”); Singletary v. State, 310 Ga. App. 570, 572 ( 713 SE2d 698 ) (2011) (“In construing these statutes, we apply the fundamental …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Whitney Morris v. Real Estate Expert Advisors, LLC
Ga. Ct. App. · 2020 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (same); Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273 (2) (same); see also OCGA § 1-3-1 (b) (“In all interpretations of statutes, the ordinary signification shall be applied to all words . . . .”); Scherr v. Marriott Int’l, Inc., 703 F.3d 1069, 1077 (II) (C) (2) (7th Cir. 2013) (Manion, J.) (“In statutory construction cases, we begin with the language of the statute itself and the specific context in which that language is used.” (citation and punctuation omitted)). 25 Deal, 294 Ga. at 172-73 (1) (a); accord Luangkhot v. State, 292 Ga. 423, 424 (1) …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Mary Harman Beard, as of the Estate of James H. Beard, III v. Harriet H. Rondowsky, as Co-Trustee of the Charles C. Harman Trust
Ga. Ct. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (same); Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273 (same); see also OCGA § 1-3-1 (b) (“In all interpretations of statutes, the ordinary signification shall be applied to all words . . . .”); Scherr v. Marriott Intern., Inc., 703 F.3d 1069, 1077 (7th Cir. 2013) (Manion, J.) (“In statutory construction cases, we begin with the language of the statute itself and the specific context in which that language is used.” (punctuation & citation omitted)). 7 Deal, 294 Ga. at 172-73 (1) (a); accord Luangkhot v. State, 292 Ga. 423, 424 (1) ( 736 SE2d 397 ) (20…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Terry L. Belknap v. Michelle M. Belknap
Ga. Ct. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 9 Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013) (punctuation omitted); accord Flanders, 344 Ga. App. at 495 (1); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 10 Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); accord Flanders, 344 Ga. App. at 495-96 (1); Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); see also Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 ) (2015) (“A statute draws it meaning, of course, from its text.” (punctuation and citation omitted)); Chan…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Kristopher Lee Cawthon v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 11 meant.”20 And toward that end, we must afford the statutory text its plain and ordinary meaning,21 consider the text contextually,22 read the text “in its most natural and reasonable way, as an ordinary speaker of the English language would,”23 and seek to “avoid a construction that makes some language mere surplusage.”24 Further, when the language of a statute is “plain and susceptible to only one natural and reasonable construction, courts must construe the statute accordingly.”25 20 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1) (punctua…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) CATOOSA COUNTY, GEORGIA v. ROME NEWS MEDIA, LLC D/B/A CATOOSA COUNTY NEWS
Ga. Ct. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 9 Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 (1) ( 770 SE2d 851 ) (2015); accord Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1) (punctuation omitted); May v. State, 295 Ga. 388, 391 ( 761 SE2d 38 ) (2014); Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013). 7 plain and ordinary meaning,10 consider the text contextually,11 read the text “in its most natural and reasonable way, as an ordinary speaker of the English language would,”12 and seek to “avoid a construction that makes some language mere surplusage.”13 And when the language of a statute i…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Demetrius Dewayne Ledbetter v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (same); Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273 (same); see also OCGA § 1-3-1 (b) (“In all interpretations of statutes, the ordinary signification shall be applied to all words. . . .”); Scherr v. Marriott Intern., Inc., 703 F.3d 1069, 1077 (7th Cir. 2013) (Manion, J.) (“In statutory construction cases, we begin with the language of the statute itself and the specific context in which that language is used.” (punctuation & citation omitted)). 9 Deal, 294 Ga. at 172-73 (1) (a); accord Luangkhot v. State, 292 Ga. 423, 424 (1) ( 736 SE2d 397 ) (201…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Jamie Rebecca Flanders as Natural Mother and Legal Heir of James Gage Raper v. Dequavus D. Jackson
Ga. Ct. App. · 2018 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 7 Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013) (punctuation omitted); accord Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 6 we must afford the statutory text its plain and ordinary meaning,8 consider the text contextually,9 read the text “in its most natural and reasonable way, as an ordinary speaker of the English language would,”10 and seek to “avoid a construction that makes some language mere surplusage.”11 In summary, when the language of a statute 8 S…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Michael Shapiro v. Oglethorpe Power Corporation
Ga. Ct. App. · 2017 · confidence medium
Grp., Inc. v. McRae, 292 Ga. 243, 245 (1) ( 734 SE2d 55 ) (2012). 75 See Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a) (“To that end, we must afford the statutory text its plain and ordinary meaning.” (punctuation and citation omitted)); State v. Able, 321 Ga. App. 632, 636 ( 742 SE2d 149 ) (2013) (“A judge is charged with interpreting the law in accordance with the original and/or plain meaning of the text at issue (and all that the text fairly implies). . . .”). 76 See Arizona v. Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc., ___U.S. ___, ___ (II) (B) ( 133 SCt 2247 , 186 LE2d 239) (2013) (“Words that can …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) In the Interest of D. B., a Child
Ga. Ct. App. · 2017 · confidence medium
T, 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (punctuation omitted); accord Ga. Tansmission Corp. v. Worley, 312 Ga. App. 855, 856 ( 720 SE2d 305 ) (2011). 37 Holcomb v. Long, 329 Ga.App. 515, 518 (1) ( 765 SE2d 687 ) (2014) (punctuationomitted); see Deal, 294 Ga. at 173 (1) (a) (“[I]f the statutory text is clear and unambiguous, we attribute to the statute its plain meaning, and our search for statutory meaning is at an end.” (punctuation omitted)). 38 OCGA § 15-11-2 (13) (N) (i) (I). 39 OCGA § 16-11-127.1 (b) (1). 40 OCGA § 16-11-131 (a) (2) (emphasis supplied). 41 OCGA § 16-11-12…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Royce Palmer v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2017 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (punctuation omitted); see also Ga. Transmission Corp. v. Worley, 312 Ga.App. 855, 856 ( 720 SE2d 305 ) (2011) (same). 22 Holcomb v. Long, 329 Ga.App. 515, 518 (1) ( 765 SE2d 687 ) (2014) (punctuationomitted); see Deal, 294 Ga. at 173 (1) (a) (“[I]f the statutory text is clear and unambiguous, we attribute to the statute its plain meaning, and our search for statutory meaning is at an end.” (punctuation omitted)). 23 OCGA § 16-1-7 (a) (l)-(2). 24 OCGA § 16-1-8 (a) (l)-(2). 25 OCGA § 16-1-3(14); see also Armstrong v. State, 281 Ga. App. 2…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Harris v. Mahone
Ga. Ct. App. · 2017 · confidence medium
T. 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014); Kemp v. Kemp, 337 Ga. App. 627, 632 ( 788 SE2d 517 ) (2016); see, e.g., Luangkhot v. State, 292 Ga. 423, 424 (1) ( 736 SE2d 397 ) (2013) (examining the text of a statute with the “canons of statutory construction in mind”). 7 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1) (punctuationomitted); accord Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 (1) ( 770 SE2d 851 ) (2015); May v. State, 295 Ga. 388, 391 ( 761 SE2d 38 ) (2014); Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013). 8 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); se…
cited Cited as authority (rule) Thomas v. Tenet Healthsystem Gb, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2017 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Lucas v. Beckman Coulter, Inc.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (citation and punctuation omitted); see also Ga. Transmission Corp. v. Worley, 312 Ga. App. 855, 856 ( 720 SE2d 305 ) (2011) (same).
cited Cited as authority (rule) In re Whittle
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (citation and punctuation omitted); accord Ga. Transmission Corp. v. Worley, 312 Ga. App. 855, 856 ( 720 SE2d 305 ) (2011).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Gary v. the State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (punctuation omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Summerour v. City of Marietta
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 11 Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013) (punctuation omitted); accord Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 12 See Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see also Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 (1) ( 775 SE2d 527 ) (2015) (“A statute draws its meaning, of course, from its text.”) (citation and punctuation omitted); Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 (1) ( 770 SE2d 851 ) (2015) (same); Sta…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) KEMP v. KEMP Et Al.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T, 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 9 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1) (punctuation omitted); accord Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013). 10 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see also State v. Able, 321 Ga. App. 632, 636 ( 742 SE2d 149 ) (2013) (“A judge is charged with interpreting the law in accordance with the original and/or plain meaning of the text at issue (and all that the text fairly implies) . . . .”). 11 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); see also Arizona v. Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc., _ U…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Montgomery County, Georgia v. S. Keith Hamilton (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014). 9 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1) (punctuation omitted); accord Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) ( 751 SE2d 337 ) (2013). 10 Holcomb, 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1); accord Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a); see also Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga., 297 Ga. 557, 558 ( 775 SE2d 527 ) (2015) (“A statute draws it meaning, of course, from its text.”) (punctuation and citation omitted); Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838, 839 (1) ( 770 SE2d 851 ) (2015) (same); State v. Able, 321 Ga. App. 632, 636 ( 742 SE2d 149 ) (2013) (“A judge is charged…
cited Cited as authority (rule) Montgomery County v. Hamilton
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014).
cited Cited as authority (rule) BELL v. GILDER TIMBER COMPANY Et Al.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (punctuation and footnote omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Northside Hospital Inc. v. E. Kendrick Smith (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (“[I]n considering this question of statutory interpretation, we necessarily begin our analysis with familiar and binding canons of construction.” (punctuation omitted)); accord Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (2) ( 750 SE2d 504 ) (2013). 14 OCGA § 50-18-71 (a). 10 is whether the records are ‘public records.’”15 And the Act defines “public records” as all documents, papers, letters, maps, books, tapes, photographs, computer based or generated information, data, data fields, or similar material prepared and maintained or …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) WRIGHT v. BROWN Et Al. (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (punctuation omitted); accord Holcomb v. Long, 329 Ga. App. 515, 518 (1) ( 765 SE2d 687 ) (2014).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Harold Mantooth v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
Today, we likewise decline to interpret OCGA § 16-11- 131 as requiring proof that a weapon possesses the “essential characteristics of a firearm” when the law does not include such a standard and it is a weapon that is specifically enumerated within the statutory definition of firearm, i.e., a handgun, rifle, or shotgun. 7 In analyzing the meaning of a statute we as an appellate court must “presume that the General Assembly meant what it said and said what it meant.” In re L.T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Mantooth v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) FUCIARELLI v. McKINNEY Et Al. (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (punctuation omitted); accord Holcomb v. Long, 329 Ga. App. 515, 518 (1) ( 765 SE2d 687 ) (2014); see also SCALIA & GARNER, supra note 2, at 174 (“The surplusage canon holds that it is no more the court’s function to revise by subtraction than by addition.”). 6 Luangkhot v. State, 292 Ga. 423, 424 (1) ( 736 SE2d 397 ) (2013) (punctuation omitted); accord Chase v. State, 285 Ga. 693, 695 (2) ( 681 SE2d 116 ) (2009); Hollowell v. Jove, 247 Ga. 678, 681 ( 279 SE2d 430 ) (1981). 3 consent to the dismissal stating the reasons for consenting to…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Jackson v. Sanders (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 591-92 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (explaining that in analyzing the meaning of a statute, “we must afford the statutory text its plain and ordinary meaning, [and] consider the text contextually (punctuation and footnote omitted)); Holcomb v. Long, 329 Ga. App. 515, 517-18 (1) ( 765 SE2d 687 ) (2014) (same).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Aa-Professional Bail Bonding v. Deal
Ga. Ct. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (punctuation omitted); accord Holcomb v. Long, 329 Ga. App. 515, 518 (1) ( 765 SE2d 687 ) (2014); see also Scalia & Garner, supra 174 (“The surplusage canon holds that it is no more the court’s function to revise by subtraction than by addition.”). 7 Luangkhot v. State, 292 Ga. 423, 424 (1) ( 736 SE2d 397 ) (2013) (punctuation omitted); accord Chase v. State, 285 Ga. 693, 695 (2) ( 681 SE2d 116 ) (2009); Hollowell v. Jove, 247 Ga. 678, 681 ( 279 SE2d 430 ) (1981). 8 (Emphasis supplied). 9 While OCGA § 17-6-31 (d) (1) (C) references a pre…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Holcomb v. Long (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2014 · confidence medium
T., 325 Ga. App. 590, 592 ( 754 SE2d 380 ) (2014) (same); Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273 (same); see also Scherr v. Marriott Intern., Inc., 703 F3d 1069, 1077 (7th Cir. 2013) (Manion, J.) (“In statutory construction cases, we begin with the language of the statute itself and the specific context in which that language is used.”) (citation and punctuation omitted); OCGA § 1-3-1 (b) (“In all interpretations of statutes, the ordinary signification shall be applied to all words . . . .”). 12 Deal, 294 Ga. at 172-73 (1) (a); see Luangkhot v. State, 292 Ga. 423, 424 (1) ( 736 SE2d 397 ) (201…
discussed Cited "see" MAYS v. the STATE.
Ga. Ct. App. · 2018 · signal: accord · confidence high
Although the court again stated, "it's not one of those whatever crimes listed there" without further explanation or clarification, it is evident, regardless of its reasoning, the court rejected Mays's argument that it must include a behavioral-incentive date in his sentence. 3 Few v. State , 311 Ga. App. 608 , 608, 716 S.E.2d 644 (2011) (punctuation omitted); accord Spargo v. State , 332 Ga. App. 410 , 411, 773 S.E.2d 35 (2015). 4 Few , 311 Ga. App. at 608 , 716 S.E.2d 644 ; Wilder v. State , 343 Ga. App. 110 , 112, 806 S.E.2d 200 (2017). 5 Kemp v. Kemp , 337 Ga. App. 627 , 632, 788 S.E.2d 51…
discussed Cited "see" Mercer University v. John Stofer
Ga. Ct. App. · 2018 · signal: accord · confidence high
T. , 325 Ga. App. 590 , 591, 754 S.E.2d 380 (2014). 5 Holcomb , 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1), 765 S.E.2d 687 (punctuation omitted); accord Deal v. Coleman , 294 Ga. 170 , 172 (1) (a), 751 S.E.2d 337 (2013). 6 Holcomb , 329 Ga. App. at 517 (1), 765 S.E.2d 687 ; accord Deal , 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a), 751 S.E.2d 337 ; see also Tibbles v. Teachers Retirement Sys. of Ga. , 297 Ga. 557 , 558, 775 S.E.2d 527 (2015) ("A statute draws it meaning, of course, from its text.") (punctuation and citation omitted); Chan v. Ellis, 296 Ga. 838 , 839 1, 770 S.E.2d 851 2015 (same); State v. Able , 321 Ga. App. 632 , 6…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
IN THE INTEREST OF L. T., a child
A13A1848.
Court of Appeals of Georgia.
Jan 23, 2014.
754 S.E.2d 380
Corso, Kennedy & Campbell, Arturo Corso, for appellant., Lee Darragh, District Attorney, J. David West, Jr., Elizabeth D. Simmons, Assistant District Attorneys, for appellee.
Dillard.
Cited by 67 opinions  |  Published
Pinpoint authority: bottom 24%
Dillard, Judge.

L. T., a minor child, appeals the trial court’s denial of his motions to seal his juvenile-court record. Because we conclude that L. T.’s motions were filed prematurely, we affirm.

L. T. was 13 years old when he was arrested and charged with, inter alia, two counts of aggravated child molestation. The matter was ultimately transferred to juvenile court with the consent of the State. L. T. entered an Alford[1] plea and contracted with the State to accept the imposition of sentence, including psychological treatment. He was thereafter adjudicated delinquent and received 30 days’ detention in the Regional Youth Detention Center (“RYDC”), two years’ probation with one year of house arrest, and he was ordered to complete Project Pathfinder and juvenile sex offender treatment. During the adjudication proceedings, L. T. filed a motion to seal the juvenile-court record, which the juvenile court denied.

Following adjudication and during the pendency of probation, L. T. filed three additional motions to seal the juvenile-court record. The juvenile court denied each motion based, in part, upon the court’s determination that the motions were filed prematurely under the terms of the relevant statute, OCGA § 15-11-79.2 (b), but the court expressly stated that it would consider sealing the record at a later[*591] date. L. T. contends that the juvenile court erred in its interpretation of the statutory requirements of OCGA § 15-11-79.2 (b),[2] which provides as follows:

On application of a person who has been adjudicated delinquent or unruly or on the court’s own motion, and after a hearing, the court shall order the sealing of the files and records in the proceeding ... if the court finds that:
(1) [t]wo years have elapsed since the final discharge of the person;
(2) [sjince the final discharge of the person he or she has not been convicted of a felony or of a misdemeanor involving moral turpitude or adjudicated a delinquent or unruly child and no proceeding is pending against the person seeking conviction or adjudication; and
(3) [t]he person has been rehabilitated.

At issue in the case sub judice is the meaning of the phrase “final discharge” in the context of subsection (b) (1). The juvenile court concluded (in denying L. T.’s motions) that the statute requires that at least two years elapse from the time L. T. completes the terms of his sentence and is released from probation before he is entitled to a sealed record. L. T, on the other hand, contends that “final discharge” refers to the date of adjudication (i.e., the date on which L. T. was discharged from the delinquency petition) or, alternatively, the date on which L. T. was released from detention at the RYDC.

And in considering this question of statutory interpretation, we necessarily begin our analysis “with familiar and binding canons of construction.”[3] Indeed, in analyzing the meaning of a statute, our charge as an appellate court is to “presume that the General Assembly meant what it said and said what it meant.”[4] And toward that end, “we must afford the statutory text its plain and ordinary meaning,”[5] [*592] consider the text contextually,[6] read the text “in its most natural and reasonable way, as an ordinary speaker of the English language would,”[7] and seek to “avoid a construction that makes some language mere surplusage.”[8] In sum, where the language of a statute is plain and susceptible of only one natural and reasonable construction, an appellate court must construe the statute accordingly.[9]

Construing the aforementioned text with the foregoing principles in mind, we conclude that the juvenile court was correct in its determination that L. T.’s motions were prematurely filed. And while it is certainly true that the General Assembly did not define the phrase “final discharge” in the statute, it used this same phrase in subsection (c) of the statute, noting that “[reasonable notice of the hearing required by subsection (b) of this Code section shall be given to... [t]he authority granting the discharge if the final discharge was from an institution or from parole . . . .”[10] Suffice it to say, this language would have absolutely no meaning if a child was considered to have been granted a final discharge upon the adjudication of delinquency. Further, the General Assembly’s inclusion of “parole” in subsection (c) indicates that it did not intend to limit its reference to “final discharge” from confinement, but instead sought to include the State’s continued exercise of supervision or control over a child.

Consequently, we conclude that L. T.’s motions to seal the record were indeed premature and the juvenile court did not err in denying them. This holding renders moot L. T.’s challenge to any additional language and/or secondary reasoning that the juvenile court employed in its denial orders.[11]

[*593] Decided January 23, 2014. Corso, Kennedy & Campbell, Arturo Corso, for appellant. Lee Darragh, District Attorney, J. David West, Jr., Elizabeth D. Simmons, Assistant District Attorneys, for appellee.

Judgment affirmed.

Andrews, P. J., and McMillian, J., concur.
1

See North Carolina v. Alford, 400 U. S. 25 (91 SCt 160, 27 LE2d 162) (1970).

2

Effective January 1, 2014, OCGA § 15-11-79.2 has been repealed and replaced by OCGA § 15-11-701, which applies to all offenses that occur and juvenile proceedings that commence on or after that date. Although some amendments were made to the statute, the essential language addressed herein remains unchanged.

3

Martinez v. State, 325 Ga. App. 267, 273 (750 SE2d 504) (2013).

4

Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) (751 SE2d 337) (2013) (citation and punctuation omitted); see also Arby’s Restaurant Group, Inc. v. McRae, 292 Ga. 243, 245 (1) (734 SE2d 55) (2012) (same); Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273 (same).

5

Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273; see also Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a) (“To that end, we must afford the statutory text its plain and ordinary meaning”) (citation and punctuation omitted); State v. Able, 321 Ga. App. 632, 636 (742 SE2d 149) (2013) (“A judge is charged with interpreting the law in accordance with the original and/or plain meaning of the text at issue (and all that the text fairly implies)... .”); Singletary v. State, 310 Ga. App. 570, 572 (713 SE2d 698) (2011)[*592] (“In construing these statutes, we apply the fundamental rules of statutory construction that require us to construe the statutes according to their terms, [and] to give words their plain and ordinary meaning . .. .”) (citation and punctuation omitted).

6

Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273; see also Arizona v. Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,_ U. S._(133 SCt 2247, 2254, 186 LE2d 239) (2013) (“Words that can have more than one meaning are given content, however, by their surroundings.”) (citation and punctuation omitted); Deal, 294 Ga. at 172 (1) (a) (“[W]e must view the statutory text in the context in which it appears].]”); Scherr v. Marriott Intern., Inc., 703 F3d 1069, 1077 (7th Cir. 2013) (“In statutory construction cases, we begin with the language of the statute itself and the specific context in which that language is used”) (citation and punctuation omitted); see OCGA § 1-3-1 (b) (“In all interpretations of statutes, the ordinary signification shall be applied to all words . . . .”).

7

Deal, 294 Ga. at 172-73 (1) (a); see also Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273.

8

Ga. Transmission Corp. v. Worley, 312 Ga. App. 855, 856 (720 SE2d 305) (2011) (punctuation omitted); see also Singletary, 310 Ga. App. at 572 (same).

9

See Deal, 294 Ga. at 172-73 (1) (a); Martinez, 325 Ga. App. at 273.

11

We flatly reject L. T.’s assertion that the juvenile court abused its discretion in denying L. T.’s motion to seal the record pursuant to OCGA § 15-11-79.2 (e), which provides that “[t]he court may seal any record containing information identifying a victim of an act which, if done by an adult, would constitute a sexual offense under Chapter 6 of Title 16 [including aggra vated[*593] child molestation].” It was well within the juvenile court’s discretion to reject then thirteen-year-old L. T.’s meritless assertion that he was a victim within the meaning of subsection (e) based upon the acts that the four-year-old victim named in the delinquency petition allegedly performed on him during the events in question. See OCGA § 15-11-79.2 (e). And it is worth noting that the four-year-old victim’s parents explicitly requested that the juvenile court not seal the record, expressing their concern and belief that L. T. had yet to accept any responsibility for his actions.