Curry v. State, 281 S.E.2d 604 (Ga. 1981). · Go Syfert
Curry v. State, 281 S.E.2d 604 (Ga. 1981). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
113 citation events (69 in the last 25 years) across 2 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: MONTE DAVIS v. LAND-RON, INC. (gactapp, 2024-05-22)
Treatment trajectory · 1984 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1984 2005 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 35 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) MONTE DAVIS v. LAND-RON, INC. (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2024 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
an oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Latasha Morris v. State (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2024 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
an oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Christopher Bernard Dixon v. State (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2022 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
an oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) MASSEY v. the STATE. (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Ga. Ct. App. · 2019 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
n oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Tammy Terrell Smith v. State (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Ga. Ct. App. · 2018 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
an oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Page v. the State (7×) also: Cited as authority (rule), Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · quote attribution · 2 verbatim quotes · confidence low
an oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is
discussed Cited as authority (rule) GINES v. THE STATE (Three Cases) (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. · 2026 · confidence medium
Thus, “[a]n oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is.” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) GINES v. THE STATE (Three Cases) (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. · 2026 · confidence medium
Thus, “[a]n oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is.” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Green v. State (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
“An oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is.” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981) (citation and footnote omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Roger Green v. State (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2016 · confidence medium
“An oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is.” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981) (citation and footnote omitted).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Allen v. the State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
“An oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is.” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
cited Cited as authority (rule) John Michael Young v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2014 · confidence medium
“An oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is. [Cit.]” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Young v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2014 · confidence medium
“An oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is. [Cit.]” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) SURH v. State (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 2010 · confidence medium
Blackburn, P. J., and Adams, J., concur. 1 (Punctuation omitted.) State v. Jeffries, 298 Ga. App. 141, 142 ( 679 SE2d 368 ) (2009). 2 OCGA §§ 16-13-2 (b); 16-13-30 (j) (1). 3 OCGA § 16-5-21 (a) (2). 4 OCGA § 16-5-21 (c). 5 The State “decline[d] to prosecute” the remaining charges and dismissed them, listing only the misdemeanor possession of marijuana charge in the accusation. 6 (Punctuation omitted.) Giles v. State, 257 Ga. App. 65, 67 (1) ( 570 SE2d 375 ) (2002), citing Massey v. State, 265 Ga. 632, 634 (2) ( 458 SE2d 818 ) (1995), overruled on other grounds, Lewis v. McDougal, 276 G…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Edmondson v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2007 · confidence medium
“Under these facts, the oral declaration as to what the sentence would be was within the breast of the court and could be increased at any time before it was formally entered by the judge or before service of the sentence was commenced. [Cits.]” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Kimbrell v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2006 · confidence medium
“An oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be[, however,] is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is.” (Citation and footnote omitted.) Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Stulb v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2006 · confidence medium
Mikell and Adams, JJ., concur. 1 Warren v. State, 265 Ga. App. 109, 110 ( 592 SE2d 879 ) (2004). 2 Jones v. State, 252 Ga. App. 332, 334 (2) (a) ( 556 SE2d 238 ) (2001). 3 State v. Stonaker, 236 Ga. 1, 2 ( 222 SE2d 354 ) (1976). 4 Mead v. State, 246 Ga. App. 800, 801 ( 542 SE2d 541 ) (2000). 5 Strickland v. State, 223 Ga. App. 772, 774 (1) (a) ( 479 SE2d 125 ) (1996). 6 Lee v. State, 197 Ga. 123 (1) ( 28 SE2d 465 ) (1943). 7 Emanuel v. State, 196 Ga. App. 449 (1) ( 396 SE2d 83 ) (1990). 8 Pruitt v. State, 258 Ga. 583, 589 (13) (e) ( 373 SE2d 192 ) (1988). 9 We note, however, that the trial cou…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Ivey v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2006 · confidence medium
An oral declaration of sentence is not binding on the court unless the defendant has begun to serve it: A sentence which has been reduced to writing and signed by the judge may not be increased after the defendant has begun to serve that sentence. [Cit.] This limitation on the court’s sentencing authority stems from the double jeopardy provisions of our constitutions. [Cit.] An oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is. [Cit.] However, the oral declaration of the sentence may not be increased after the defendant ha…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Keller v. State
Ga. · 2002 · confidence medium
Similarly, this Court has held that “[a]n oral declaration *681 as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is.” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183,185 ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981). 3 See United States v. Dodson, 291 F3d 268, 272-274 (4th Cir. 2002); United States v. Luciano-Mosquera, 63 F3d 1142, 1148, n. 2 (1st Cir. 1995); Fernandez v. United States, 941 F2d 1488, 1492 (11th Cir. 1991); United States v. Patel, 835 F2d 708, 709 (7th Cir. 1987); United States v. Wilson, 440 F2d 1103, 1104-1105 (5th Cir. 1971); State v. Home, 768 S2d 228, 229 (La.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Hope v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1999 · confidence medium
In the addendum attached to the sentencing form, Hope acknowledged: “I am not to return to the airport and have been given notice that I am not allowed to return to the airport except for [the] authorized purpose of travel (must have ticket).” See Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Fox v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1998 · confidence medium
However, “[a]n oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is.” *716 Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Vann v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1998 · confidence medium
Higdon v. Cooper, 247 Ga. 746 ( 279 SE2d 451 ) (1981).” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Crutchfield v. State (2×) also: Cited "see"
Ga. Ct. App. · 1998 · confidence medium
Even if Crutchfield’s reliance on the trial court’s sole statement has some justification, we note that “[a]n oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is. [Cit.]” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Harp v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1997 · confidence medium
Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Casillas v. State
Ga. · 1997 · confidence medium
Relying upon Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 184 (2) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981), Casillas urges that the State is barred from bringing him to trial on the new indictment, because, in violation of the mandate of OCGA § 16-1-7, it contains two additional charges of involuntary manslaughter which arose from the same conduct, but which were not included in the original indictment.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Powe v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1986 · confidence medium
In Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981), our Supreme Court held that “[a]n oral declaration as to what the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is. [Cit.]” The Court thus concluded that “the oral declaration as to what the sentence would be was within the breast of the court and could be increased at any time before it was formally entered by the judge or before service of the sentence was commenced.” Id.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Castillo v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1986 · confidence medium
“A sentence which has been reduced to writing and signed by the judge may not be increased after the defendant has begun to serve that sentence. [Cit.] This limitation on the court’s sentencing authority stems from the double jeopardy provisions of our constitutions. [Cit.]” (Emphasis supplied.) Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Davis v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1984 · confidence medium
Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) McClinic v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 1984 · confidence medium
“A sentence which has been reduced to writing and signed by the judge may not be increased after the defendant has begun to serve that sentence. [Cit.]” Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 185 ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
discussed Cited "see" Ryan Andrew Mullins v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2019 · signal: see · confidence high
See Curry v. State , 248 Ga. 183 , 185 (4), 281 S.E.2d 604 (1981) ; Hantz v. State , 337 Ga. App. 675 , 678, 788 S.E.2d 567 (2016) ; Allen v. State , 333 Ga. App. 853 , 855 (1), 777 S.E.2d 699 (2015) ; Youngv.
discussed Cited "see" Bell v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2013 · signal: see · confidence high
See Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183 (4) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981).
discussed Cited "see" Deonte Smarr v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2012 · signal: see · confidence high
And our Supreme Court has made it abundantly clear that once a defendant begins serving his sentence, “that sentence can only be increased through resentencing where (a) such resentencing is allowed by law, and (b) the defendant has no reasonable expectation in the finality of the original sentence.”35 In the absence of such circumstances, the “limitation on the court’s sentencing authority stems from the double jeopardy provisions of our constitutions.” 36 34 In between the original sentencing order and the final sentencing order, the trial court issued an order in which it sentence…
examined Cited "see" Fox v. State (4×)
Ga. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183 (4), 281 S.E.2d 604 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" Cochran v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See Curry v. State, 248 Ga. 183, 184 (2) ( 281 SE2d 604 ) (1981) (subsequent prosecution which included additional offenses barred by OCGA § 16-1-7 (b) even though prior prosecution ended in hung jury rather than in conviction or acquittal).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Adams v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2009 · signal: see also · confidence medium
J., Andrews, P. J., Blackburn, P. J., Smith, P. J., Barnes, Ellington, Phipps, Mikell, Adams, Bernes and Doyle, JJ., concur. 1 Ortiz v. State, 295 Ga. App. 546 (1) ( 672 SE2d 507 ) (2009). 2 Id. 3 See Smith v. State, 210 Ga. App. 634, 636 (2) (d) ( 437 SE2d 333 ) (1993). 4 (Punctuation and footnote omitted.) Turner v. State, 231 Ga. App. 747, 747-748 (1) ( 500 SE2d 628 ) (1998). 5 Id. at 748 (1). 6 Pippins v. State, 263 Ga. App. 453, 456-457 (3) ( 588 SE2d 278 ) (2003) (no fatal variance where indictments for aggravated child molestation and aggravated sexual battery alleged penetration but ev…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Curry
v.
the State
37574.
Supreme Court of Georgia.
Sep 9, 1981.
281 S.E.2d 604
Thomas F. Jarriel, for appellant., Willis B. Sparks III, District Attorney, for appellee.
Hill, Jordan, Marshall, Clark, Smith, Gregory.
Cited by 46 opinions  |  Published
3 passages pin-cited by 6 cases
Pinpoint authority: #19,058 of 633,719
Citer courts: Court of Appeals of Georgia (7)
Hill, Presiding Justice.

The defendant was indicted on January 3,1980, on two counts: (1) aggravated assault on a peace officer, Detective Robert Lowe, on September 21, 1979; and (2) simple battery on Detective Robert Lowe on September 21,1979. The first trial resulted in a hung jury.

Defendant was reindicted on four counts. Counts 1 and 2 were the same as before. Count 3 charged obstruction of an officer, in that the defendant obstructed and hindered Detective Robert Lowe from arresting him on September 21,1979. Count 4 charged using abusive or obscene language in the presence of the female employees of the Dairy Queen on Gray Highway on September 21,1979. At the second trial, the evidence showed that on September 21,1979, the defendant ordered two chili cheese dogs at the drive-in window at the Dairy Queen on Gray Highway, that he returned when he discovered that the cheese had been left off and engaged in an argument with several female employees, and that he struggled with Detective Lowe as he was being removed from the premises. The second jury acquitted the defendant on Count 1 and found him guilty on Counts 2, 3 and 4 (misdemeanors).

On June 17,1980, the trial court announced sentence: on Count 2, 12 months on probation on condition the defendant enter the Macon Diversion Center; on Counts 3 and 4,12 months on probation to run concurrently with each other but consecutively to the sentence on Count 2, conditioned on a $500 fine and restitution to Detective Lowe of medical bills and lost wages. Before this sentence was reduced to writing and entered, on June 27 the trial court sentenced the defendant to serve 12 months in jail on Count 2 and deleted the $500 fine, with the remainder of the sentence to remain as before.

Defendant enumerates error as follows: (a) the trial court erred in overruling his demurrer to Count 4 of the indictment in that the crime of using obscene, vulgar or profane language in the presence of a female or a male under age 14, Code § 26-2610 (b), is unconstitutionally vague and overbroad, and is based upon sex;

[*184] (b) the trial court erred in overruling his demurrer to the indictment attacking the addition of Counts 3 and 4 after the first jury was unable to reach a verdict on Counts 1 and 2;

(c) the trial court erred in overruling his plea of double jeopardy, made first in his motion for new trial, based upon his guilty plea in municipal court to the charge of disorderly conduct; and

(d) the trial court erred in increasing his sentence on Count 2 from 12 months on probation to 12 months in jail. We will consider enumeration of error (c) first as it could be dispositive of the case.

1. In support of his double jeopardy plea, defendant urges that his guilty plea in municipal court to the charge of disorderly conduct precluded his being tried in superior court, citing State v. Burroughs, 246 Ga. 393 (271 SE2d 629) (1980). Pretermitting the question of whether a plea of double jeopardy is waived by failure to raise it until motion for new trial, the record before us contains nothing from the municipal court. All we have is the assertion in an amendment to the motion for new trial that defendant entered a guilty plea to the charge of disorderly conduct in municipal court prior to being indicted for battery (Count 2) and that his plea and conviction were based on the same facts. There is no copy of the accusation and guilty plea from the municipal court, no transcript of the guilty plea, no transcript of the hearing on the motion for new trial, and no findings of fact by the trial court with respect to the proceedings in municipal court. We cannot on this record declare that the defendant has been put in double jeopardy by reason of a guilty plea in municipal court.

2. Defendant urges that he cannot be reindicted for additional crimes after a jury is unable to reach a verdict on the original indictment. He urges that the trial court erred in overruling his demurrer to Counts 3 and 4 of the second indictment. We agree. State v. Tate, 136 Ga. App. 181 (220 SE2d 741) (1975); see also Marchman v. State, 234 Ga. 40 (215 SE2d 467) (1975); Blackledge v. Perry, 417 U. S. 21 (94 SC 2098, 40 LE2d 628) (1974); United States v. D’Alo, 486 FSupp. 954 (D. R.I. 1980).

Code § 26-506 (b) provides that “If the several crimes arising from the same conduct are known to the proper prosecuting officer at the time of commencing the prosecution and are within the jurisdiction of a single court, they must be prosecuted in a single prosecution — ” The state urges that the addition of Counts 3 and 4 is allowed by Code § 26-507 (b). The answer to this argument is that whether or not allowed by Code § 26-507 (b), the addition of Counts 3 and 4 is barred by Code § 26-506 (b), quoted above. The defendant is not to be penalized, by the addition of new charges, for the state’s failure to obtain a conviction upon the first trial.

3. Our determination in Division 2 that the convictions on[*185] Counts 3 and 4 cannot stand renders it unnecessary for us to reconsider the constitutional validity of Code § 26-2610 (b) on which Count 4 was based. See Breaux v. State, 230 Ga. 506 (197 SE2d 695) (1973).

4. The defendant urges that it was error for the trial court to increase his sentence on Count 2 from 12 months on probation to 12 months in jail. A sentence which has been reduced to writing and signed by the judge may not be increased after the defendant has begun to serve that sentence. Higdon v. Cooper, 247 Ga. 746 (279 SE2d 451) (1981). This limitation on the court’s sentencing authority stems from the double jeopardy provisions of our constitutions. United States v. Benz, 282 U. S. 304 (51 SC 113, 75 LE 354) (1931).

An oral declaration as to whát the sentence shall be is not the sentence of the court; the sentence signed by the judge is. Morgan v. Mount, 195 Ga. 281 (24 SE2d 17) (1943). [1] However, the oral declaration of the sentence may not be increased after the defendant has begun to serve it. Carrindine v. Ricketts, 236 Ga. 283, 288, 290 (223 SE2d 627) (1976).

Here the judge’s oral declaration of a 12 months probated sentence was not reduced to writing and there is no evidence that service of that sentence was commenced. Under these facts, the oral declaration as to what the sentence would be was within the breast of the court and could be increased at any time before it was formally entered by the judge or before service of the sentence was commenced. See Sherman v. State, 142 Ga. App. 691, 692 (237 SE2d 5) (1977); Williams v. State, 365 S2d 201 (Fla. DCA 1978).

Defendant relies upon North Carolina v. Pearce, 395 U. S. 711, 723 (89 SC 2072, 23 LE2d 656) (1969). It was held there that where a defendant has secured a new trial, due process requires that vindictiveness against the defendant for having successfully attacked his first conviction must play no part in the sentence received at the new trial and thus the reasons for imposition of the harsher sentence must affirmatively appear in the record and be based on objective information as to the defendant’s conduct after the original sentence. 395 U. S. at 725-726. Here the defendant has not been retried and hence the need to protect against possible vindictiveness is not present.

At the resentencing hearing the trial judge stated that after thinking about it, he had concluded that he had made an error and that the probated sentence was not proper in view of the fact that the[*186] defendant had been found guilty of simple battery, the victim being a police officer engaged in the performance of his duties. North Carolina v. Pearce has not been extended so as to apply to this case and we decline to extend it because, as found above, the court was authorized to amend its oral pronouncement and there is no suggestion of vindictiveness against the defendant for having exercised any legal right; there is only the trial court’s effort to make the punishment fit the crime of which the jury had found the defendant to be guilty.

Decided September 9, 1981 Rehearing denied September 23, 1981. Thomas F. Jarriel, for appellant. Willis B. Sparks III, District Attorney, for appellee.

Judgment affirmed as to Count 2; reversed as to Counts 3 and 4.

Jordan, C. J., Marshall, Clark, Smith and Gregory, JJ., concur.
1

Nothing stated herein is intended to change the holdings of this court in State v. Germany, 246 Ga. 455 (271 SE2d 851) (1980).