Cluster 769162
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· 171 citation events
across 19 courts.
Showing the 50 strongest citers on record
(one row per citing case, strongest signal kept).
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JENNIFER JEAN COSSIO v. RAY ARMINI, et al. (2026)
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (alteration in original) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Kathy Terrell v. UVA Health System (2026)
Off. of the Courts, 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Frank Vega v. Amurcon Realty Company (2025)
To state a disability discrimination claim under the ADA, a plaintiff must allege facts sufficient to show: “(1) that [they] have a disability, (2) that [they are] a qualified individual for the employment in question, and (3) that [the employer] discharged [them] (or took other adverse employment action) 2 The Court applies this argument to element three of the framework enumerated below as, at bottom, it is an argument regarding causation. because of [their] disability.”3 …
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Morton v. DeJoy (2025)
Perkins Hosp., 605 F. App’x 200, 201 (4th Cir. 2015) (per curiam) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)); accord Gile v. United Airlines, Inc., 95 F.3d 492, 498 (7th Cir. 1996) (An employer “may [be] require[d] . . . to reassign a disabled employee to a different position as reasonable accommodation where the employee can no longer perform the essential functions of their current position.”). “[A] plaintiff can adequately plead the third…
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Love v. Wayfair LLC (2025)
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Morton v. DeJoy (2024)
Perkins Hosp., 605 F. App’x 200, 201 (4th Cir. 2015) (per curiam) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)); accord Gile v. United Airlines, Inc., 95 F.3d 492, 498 (7th Cir. 1996) (An employer “may [be] require[d] . . . to reassign a disabled employee to a different position as reasonable accommodation where the employee can no longer perform the essential functions of their current position.”).
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Shine v. Wells Fargo (2024)
Office of the Courts, 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (citing EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Woody v. Aerotek Affiliated Services Inc. (2024)
The Fourth Circuit has previously held that: To establish a claim for disability discrimination under the ADA, a plaintiff must prove “(1) that she has a disability, (2) that she is a ‘qualified individual’ for the employment in question, and (3) that [her employer] discharged her (or took other adverse employment action) because of her disability.” EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir.2000). 17 Jacobs v. N.C.
alteration in original
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Schaeffer v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore (2024)
Office of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Milligan v. Fayetteville State University (2024)
State Highway Admin., 780 F.3d 582, 586 (4th Cir. 2015), in this case, “1) that she has a disability, 2) that she is a ‘qualified individual’ for the employment in question, and 3) that [her employer] discharged her (or took other adverse employment action) because of her disability.” E.E.O.C. v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000).
To establish a claim for disability discrimination under the ADA, Plaintiff must prove “(1) that she has a disability, (2) that she is a ‘qualified individual’ for the employment in question, and (3) that [her employer] discharged her (or took other adverse employment action) because of her disability.” EEOC v. Stowe—Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Jones v. Cecil County, Maryland (2024)
To establish a claim for disability discrimination under the ADA, Jones must prove “(1) that she has a disability, (2) that she is a ‘qualified individual’ for the employment in question, and (3) that [her employer] discharged her (or took other adverse employment action) because of her disability.” See e.g., EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Burnett v. BJ's Wholesale Club, Inc. (2024)
Office of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe—Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)) (alterations in original).
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Parker v. Children's National Medical Center, Inc. (2024)
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (“To establish a claim for disability discrimination under the ADA, a plaintiff must prove ‘(1) that she has a disability, (2) that she is a qualified individual for the employment in question, and (3) that [her employer] discharged her (or took other adverse employment action) because of her disability.’”) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)); Reynolds v. Am.
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Sharpe v. Garland (2024)
Off, Of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (citing EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Bryant v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore (2023)
To establish a prima facia claim of disability discrimination, a plaintiff must prove “(1) that she has a disability, (2) that she is a ‘qualified individual’ for the employment in question, and (3) that [her employer] discharged her (or took other adverse employment action) because of her disability.” Jacobs, 780 F.3d at 572 (citing EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000) (internal quotation marks omitted)).
internal quotation marks omitted
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Bostic v. Smithfield Foods Inc. (2023)
Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000).
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)). benefits.” Burlington Indus., Inc. v. Ellerth, 524 U.S. 742, 761 (1998).
To decide whether an employee is “qualified,” courts consider the employee’s capacity on “the date of [the] adverse employment decision.” EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 379 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Moss v. Saja Restaurant Group, LLC (2023)
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (cleaned up) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Alston v. HolyCross Health-Trinity Health Care (2023)
Jacobs, 780 F.3d at 572 (quoting EEOC v. Stowe- Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Nyarko v. Davita Kidney Care (2023)
Off. of the Courts, 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)) (internal quotation marks omitted)).
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Tynes v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore (2023)
The “date of an adverse employment decision is the relevant date for determining whether a plaintiff is a ‘qualified individual with a disability.’” E.E.O.C. v. Stowe- Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 379 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Logan v. Estes Environmental, Inc. (2023)
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 579 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir.2000)).
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Patterson v. HMR of Maryland, LLC (2023)
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Blanchard v. Arlington County, Virginia (2023)
Co., 570 F.3d 606, 618 (Sth Cir. 2009) (“In an ADA case, the relevant time for assessing the existence of a [cognizable] disability is the time of the adverse employment action.”); Swanson v. Univ. of Cincinnati, 268 F.3d 307, 316 (6th Cir.2001) (noting that the Sixth Circuit has required plaintiffs to “establish disability at the time of the discriminatory acts to recover under the ADA); Cash v. Smith, 231 F.3d 1301 , 1306 (11th Cir.2000) (holding that plaintiff not disable…
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Rausch v. Alta Cima Corp. (2023)
First, Rausch cannot make out a prima facie case for disability discrimination because she was not disabled for the duration of time she alleges that Alta Cima discriminatorily failed to rehire her. “[T]he date of an adverse employment decision is the relevant date for determining whether a plaintiff is a qualified individual with a disability.” EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 379 (4th Cir. 2000) (internal quotations omitted).
internal quotations omitted
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Smith v. Lowes Companies, Inc (2022)
Office of the Courts, 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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BEATTY v. PRUITTHEALTH INC. (2022)
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (alteration in original) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Galle v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Hospital Authority (2022)
To establish a claim for disability discrimination under the ADA, a Plaintiff must prove “(1) that she has a disability, (2) that she is a ‘qualified individual’ for the employment in question, and (3) that [her employer] discharged her (or took other adverse employment action) because of her disability.” E.E.O.C. v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Morrison v. City of Cumberland (2022)
Office of the Courts, 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)) (internal quotation marks omitted); Caire v. Conifer Value Based Care, LLC, 982 F. Supp. 2d 582, 599 (D.
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Lashley v. Spartanburg Methodist College (2022)
Office of the Courts, 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Newell v. Carter Bank & Trust (2022)
Off. of the Courts, 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir.2000)).
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Jeffrey Jessup v. Barnes Group, Inc. (2022)
Jessup’s statement in his complaint and Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 378 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Parker v. Children's National Medical Center, Inc. (2021)
The “date of an adverse employment decision is the relevant date for determining whether a plaintiff is a ‘qualified individual with a disability.’” E.E.O.C. v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 379 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Williams v. American Lumpers Services, LLC (2021)
Norfolk Ship Repair, 483 F.Supp.2d 497, 506 (E.D.Va. 2007) (citing EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 379 (4th Cir. 2000)).
The “date of an adverse employment decision is the relevant date for determining whether a plaintiff is a ‘qualified individual with a disability.’” E.E.O.C. v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 379 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Harvey v. Jai Medical Center (2021)
Office of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Husbands v. Financial Management Solutions, LLC (2021)
Off. of the Cts., 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).8 “Disability discrimination may be proven through direct and indirect evidence or through the McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting framework.” Id. (citing McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802 (1973)). 7 To the extent that Plaintiff believes these defects may be corrected, Plaintiff may move for leave to amend within 14 days.
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Smith v. Wormuth (2021)
Office of the Courts, 780 F.3d 562, 572 (4th Cir. 2015) (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)); see Smith v. Farnsworth, ___ F.3d ___, 2021 WL 3889282 , at *9 (4th Cir. Sept. 1, 2021).
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Tina Smith v. CSRA (2021)
“To establish a claim of disability discrimination under the ADA, a plaintiff 22 must prove ‘(1) that she has a disability, (2) that she is a “qualified individual” for the employment in question, and (3) that [her employer] discharged her (or took other adverse employment action) because of her disability.’” Jacobs, 780 F.3d at 572 (quoting EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Hampton v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (2021)
To establish a claim for disability discrimination under the ADA, a Plaintiff must prove “(1) that she has a disability, (2) that she is a ‘qualified individual’ for the employment in question, and (3) that [her employer] discharged her (or took other adverse employment action) because of her disability.” EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Dressel v. Safeway, Inc. (2021)
The “date of an adverse employment decision is the relevant date for determining whether a plaintiff is a ‘qualified individual with a disability.’” E.E.O.C. v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 379 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Hannah v. United Parcel Service, Inc. (2021)
To prove his case, Plaintiff must 7 show that (1) he has a disability, (2) he is a “qualified individual” for the employment in question, and (3) the defendant took an adverse employment action against him because of his disability. , 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Cook v. United Parcel Service, Inc. (2021)
To establish this claim, Cook must show “(1) that [he] has a disability, (2) that [he] is a ‘qualified individual’ for the employment in question, and (3) that [his employer] discharged [him] (or took other adverse employment action) because of [his] disability.” Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000).
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Williams v. American Lumpers Services, LLC (2021)
Norfolk Ship Repair, 483 F.Supp.2d 497, 506 (E.D.Va. 2007) (citing EEOC v. Stowe-Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 379 (4th Cir. 2000)).
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Israelitt v. Enterprise Services LLC (2021)
The Court’s analysis of Plaintiff’s prima facie case here is sufficient to dispose of the issue without reaching next steps of McDonnell Douglas, were it to be applicable. (quoting EEOC v. Stowe–Pharr Mills, Inc., 216 F.3d 373, 377 (4th Cir. 2000)).