Beer v. United States  ·  2012-02-17  ·  Federal Circuit  ·  pin 598 F.2d at 432

"When only equitable relief is sought in an action involving a cohesive plaintiff group . . ., the due process interests of absent members will usually be safeguarded by adequate representation alone."

In re Electronic Data Systems Corp. \Erisa\" Litigation"  ·  2004-11-08  ·  E.D. Texas  ·  pin 598 F.2d at 432

“Where, however, individual monetary claims are at stake, the balance swings in favor of the provision of some form of notice.”

Robinson v. Metro-North Commuter R.R. Co.  ·  2001-10-09  ·  Second Circuit  ·  pin 598 F.2d at 432

"When only [non-monetary] equitable relief is sought in a[] [class] action involving a cohesive plaintiff group such as a class of black employees at an assembly plant, the due process interests of absent members will usually be safeguarded by adequate representation alone."