21 U.S.C. § 176 — Statute Treatment

Statute treatment: 21 U.S.C. § 176

Ranked leading cases interpreting this statute, drawn from 48 citation events across 38 distinct cases.
48citations total
38distinct interpreting cases
18distinct courts
0citations in last 5y
1958–2004year range
⚠ Struck down — in at least one decision (1 decision, 1972)
United States v. Michael Harling (1972): “…n class="citation" data-id="9424033"> 23 L.Ed.2d 57 (1969), struck down the presumption of knowledge of illegal importation that 21 U.S.C. § 176 (a) applied to possessors of marijuana. 2 The dec”
Detected from opinion text; may reflect a subsection, an as-applied ruling, or a holding later reversed — read the citing decisions.
Top 20 leading cases
#1 United States v. Levino Michelena-Orovio (1983) ca5 82 own cites 2× in case
#2 Commonwealth v. Owens (1970) pa 80 own cites 2× in case
#3 United States v. Charles T. Bennett, Wilbert Haywood, Elmer Jessup, Henry Stanton and Farris Thomas (1969) ca2 244 own cites 1× in case
#4 United States v. Thomas Peter Vallejo Appeal of Edson L. Whipple (1973) ca3 13 own cites 4× in case
#5 United States v. Wellman Tufts Barnes, United States of America v. Frank Knox (1970) ca9 22 own cites 2× in case
#6 United States v. Aston Winter, Howard Charles Towne, Stanton Davis and William Michael Parks (1975) ca5 75 own cites 1× in case
#7 Williamson v. State (1981) ga 67 own cites 1× in case
#8 United States v. Brice (1967) cma 51 own cites 1× in case
#9 United States v. Lawrence Edward Hart (1975) ca5 44 own cites 1× in case
#10 Robert Harry Davis v. United States (1969) ca5 37 own cites 1× in case
#11 Eugene Duvalcourt Walker and Irving Goldheimer v. United States (1962) ca9 26 own cites 1× in case
#12 Jose Joel Jimenez v. United States (1974) ca5 21 own cites 1× in case
#13 United States v. Leon Tabory (1972) ca4 20 own cites 1× in case
#14 United States v. Arthur Jetter (1970) ca9 7 own cites 2× in case
#15 Daniel Villarreal Corro v. United States (1975) ca1 14 own cites 1× in case
#16 United States v. Fidel Rodriguez (1971) ca9 14 own cites 1× in case
#17 United States v. William Arnold Fisher (1973) ca4 14 own cites 1× in case
#18 United States v. Highfill (1971) ared 12 own cites 1× in case
#19 People v. Duncan (1974) calctapp 11 own cites 1× in case
#20 Felix Williams v. United States (1958) ca8 11 own cites 1× in case

Ranking method: leading_score = ln(1 + own_citation_count) × √(mentions_in_case) × flag_factor, where flag_factor = 1.0 green · 0.6 unknown · 0.5 neutral · 0.4 yellow · 0.3 procedural · 0 red. Red-flagged cases excluded — their interpretation has been undermined and shouldn't lead the list. Top 20 returned per statute. Open any case for full G Cite, trajectory, and per-circuit treatment.