Statute treatment: 33 U.S.C. § 1223

Ranked leading cases interpreting this statute, drawn from 48 citation events across 21 distinct cases.

48citations total

21distinct interpreting cases

16distinct courts

0citations in last 5y

1982–2017year range

Top 19 leading cases

#1 Defenders of Wildlife v. Gutierrez (2008) cadc 60 own cites 6× in case

#2 United States v. Massachusetts (2007) ca1 140 own cites 4× in case

#3 United States v. Locke (2000) scotus 460 own cites 1× in case

#4 Llamera v. United States (1988) cc 13 own cites 3× in case

#5 Wilmina Shipping as v. United States Department of Homeland Security (2013) dcd 17 own cites 2× in case

#6 State Of New Jersey, Department Of Environmental Protection And Energy v. Long Island Power Authority (1994) ca3 42 own cites 1× in case

#7 Egan Marine Corp. v. Great American Insurance (2011) ca7 24 own cites 1× in case

#8 United States v. Commonwealth of Massachusetts (2006) mad 5 own cites 3× in case

#9 Trinidad Corp. v. S.S. Keiyoh Maru (1988) ca9 36 own cites 2× in case

#10 Richard Beveridge Peter Murray Gregory Davis Peter Eastman v. Steven H. Lewis City of Santa Barbara (1991) ca9 16 own cites 1× in case

#11 International Ass'n of Independent Tanker Owners v. Lowry (1996) wawd 3 own cites 4× in case

#12 Berman Enterprises, Inc. v. Jorling (1992) nyed 14 own cites 1× in case

#13 Patentas v. United States (1982) ca3 96 own cites 1× in case

#14 Deutsche Shell Tanker-Gesellschaft mbH v. Placid Refining Co. (1991) laed 6 own cites 1× in case

#15 United States v. Commonwealth of Mass. (2010) mad 2 own cites 3× in case

#16 Portland Pipe Line Corp. v. City of S. Portland (2017) med 5 own cites 1× in case

#17 International Ass'n of Independent Tanker Owners v. Locke (1998) ca9 6 own cites 1× in case

#18 cluster 504932 (1988) ca3 1 own cites 2× in case

#19 O'Barry v. United States (1995) flsd 1 own cites 1× in case

Ranking method: leading_score = ln(1 + own_citation_count) × √(mentions_in_case) × flag_factor, where flag_factor = 1.0 green · 0.6 unknown · 0.5 neutral · 0.4 yellow · 0.3 procedural · 0 red. Red-flagged cases excluded — their interpretation has been undermined and shouldn't lead the list. Top 20 returned per statute. Open any case for full G Cite, trajectory, and per-circuit treatment.