Statute treatment: 42 U.S.C. § 423

Ranked leading cases interpreting this statute, drawn from 46,984 citation events across 27,865 distinct cases.

46,984citations total

27,865distinct interpreting cases

189distinct courts

24,365citations in last 5y

1958–2026year range

⚠ Struck down — in at least one decision (2 decisions, 1983–1986)

Ines ANDRADES, Plaintiff, Appellant, v. SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, Defendant, Appellee (1986): “…services/#552" aria-description="Citation for case: Paul H. BAEDER v. Margaret HECKLER, Secretary of Health...">768 F.2d 547, 552 (3d Cir.1985). A number of courts have struck down the regulation, noting that Congress specifically included both medical and vo…”

James H. Turner v. Office of Personnel Management (1983): “…sively “mental or emotional,” see 5 C.F.R. § 831.1203 (1982), and is also consistent with the plethora of court decisions striking down the indispensability of objective medical evidence under the even more rigorous disability insurance benefits provision of …”

Detected from opinion text; may reflect a subsection, an as-applied ruling, or a holding later reversed — read the citing decisions.

Top 20 leading cases

#1 Bowen v. Yuckert (1987) scotus 9,190 own cites 22× in case

#2 Mathews v. Eldridge (1976) scotus 16,183 own cites 16× in case

#3 Schweiker v. Chilicky (1988) scotus 1,092 own cites 11× in case

#4 Christine HOUSTON, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, Defendant-Appellee (1984) ca6 318 own cites 16× in case

#5 Barnhart v. Walton (2002) scotus 1,212 own cites 10× in case

#6 Ronda S. CRAIG, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Shirley S. CHATER, Commissioner of Social Security, Defendant-Appellee (1996) ca4 2,386 own cites 8× in case

#7 Peggy Mayes v. Larry G. Massanari, Commissioner of Social Security (2001) ca9 1,226 own cites 9× in case

#8 Cathleen Parra v. Michael J. Astrue, Commissioner of the Social Security Administration (2007) ca9 1,678 own cites 8× in case

#9 Douglas GARNER, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Margaret M. HECKLER, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Defendant-Appellee (1984) ca6 1,270 own cites 8× in case

#10 Claire McDonald v. Secretary of Health and Human Services (1986) ca1 387 own cites 10× in case

#11 Heckler v. Campbell (1983) scotus 1,856 own cites 6× in case

#12 Henry GALLANT, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Margaret M. HECKLER, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Defendant-Appellee (1984) ca9 638 own cites 8× in case

#13 Rabbers v. Commissioner Social Security Administration (2009) ca6 1,693 own cites 6× in case

#14 Kathleen Briscoe, on Behalf of Nelson Taylor, Deceased v. Jo Anne B. Barnhart, Commissioner of Social Security (2005) ca7 1,444 own cites 6× in case

#15 George MONGEUR, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Margaret HECKLER, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Defendant-Appellee (1983) ca2 1,375 own cites 6× in case

#16 Beltran v. Astrue (2012) ca9 797 own cites 7× in case

#17 Barbara Combs v. Commissioner of Social Security (2006) ca6 482 own cites 8× in case

#18 Molina v. Astrue (2012) ca9 5,262 own cites 4× in case

#19 Wanda S. FLATEN, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. SECRETARY OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES, Defendant-Appellee (1995) ca9 772 own cites 6× in case

#20 Carmickle v. Commissioner, Social Security Administration (2008) ca9 3,373 own cites 4× in case

Ranking method: leading_score = ln(1 + own_citation_count) × √(mentions_in_case) × flag_factor, where flag_factor = 1.0 green · 0.6 unknown · 0.5 neutral · 0.4 yellow · 0.3 procedural · 0 red. Red-flagged cases excluded — their interpretation has been undermined and shouldn't lead the list. Top 20 returned per statute. Open any case for full G Cite, trajectory, and per-circuit treatment.