3 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 10 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Cynthia Ann Watson v. Unipress, Inc..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cynthia Ann Watson v. Unipress, Inc. Anchor | green | “no federal statute or rule specifically countenances the naming of fictitious parties in a lawsuit” | 4 |
| 2 | Coe v. United States District Court for District of Colorado | green | “there is no provision in the federal rules of civil procedure for suit against persons under fictitious names . . . .” | 3 |
| 3 | Seale v. Peacock | green | “substituting a named defendant for an unnamed defendant requires amending the complaint” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.