5 canonical passages across 5 cases, quoted by 31 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Pleasant Grove City v. Summum.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pleasant Grove City v. Summum Anchor | green | “the free speech clause restricts government regulation of private speech; it does not regulate government speech.” | 16 |
| 2 | Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Group of Boston, Inc. | green | “he constitution looks beyond written or spoken words as mediums of expression.” | 6 |
| 3 | Thomas Leslie Holcomb v. A.I. Murphy, Warden, and Attorney General of the State of Oklahoma | green | “the supreme court knows how to overrule a case if it wishes to do so.” | 3 |
| 4 | Steven Levine v. Chief Justice Nathan S. Heffernan, and State Bar of Wisconsin and Stephen L. Smay | red | “lower courts . . . out of respect for the great doctrine of stare decisis, are ordinarily reluctant to conclude that a higher court precedent has been overruled by implication.” | 3 |
| 5 | Church Of The American Knights Of The Ku Klux Klan v. Kerik | green | “while we are mindful of hurley's caution against demanding a narrow and specific message before applying the first amendment, we have interpreted hurley to leave intact the supreme court's test for expressive conduct in texas v. johnson.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.