C.F.R. » Title 21 » CHAPTER I—FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES › SUBCHAPTER F—BIOLOGICS › PART 630—REQUIREMENTS FOR BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS INTENDED FOR TRANSFUSION OR FOR FURTHER MANUFACTURING USE › Subpart B—Donor Eligibility Requirements

21 C.F.R. § 630.10

General donor eligibility requirements

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(a) What factors determine the eligibility of a donor? You, an establishment that collects blood or blood components, must not collect blood or blood components before determining that the donor is eligible to donate or before determining that an exception to this provision applies. To be eligible, the donor must be in good health and free from transfusion-transmitted infections as can be determined by the processes in this subchapter. A donor is not eligible if the donor is not in good health or if you identify any factor(s) that may cause the donation to adversely affect:

(1) The health of the donor; or

(2) The safety, purity, or potency of the blood or blood component.

(b) What educational material must you provide to the donor before determining eligibility? You must provide educational material concerning relevant transfusion-transmitted infections to donors before donation when donor education about that relevant transfusion-transmitted infection, such as HIV, is necessary to assure the safety, purity, and potency of blood and blood components. The educational material must include an explanation of the readily identifiable risk factors closely associated with exposure to the relevant transfusion-transmitted infection. You must present educational material in an appropriate form, such as oral, written or multimedia, and in a manner designed to be understood by the donor. The educational material must instruct the donor not to donate blood and blood components when a risk factor is present. When providing educational material to donors under this section, you may include in those materials the information required to be provided to donors under paragraph (g)(2)(ii)(E) of this section.

(c) When must you determine the eligibility of a donor? You must determine donor eligibility on the day of donation, and before collection. Except:

(1) When a donor is donating blood components that cannot be stored for more than 24 hours, you may determine the donor's eligibility and collect a sample for testing required under § 610.40 of this chapter, no earlier than 2 calendar days before the day of donation, provided that your standard operating procedures address these activities.

(2) In the event that, upon review, you find that a donor's responses to the donor questions before collection were incomplete, within 24 hours of the time of collection, you may clarify a donor's response or obtain omitted information required under paragraph (e) of this section, provided that your standard operating procedures address these activities.

(d) How must you determine the eligibility of a donor? You must determine the donor's eligibility before collection of blood or blood components, by the following procedures:

(1) You must consult the records of deferred donors maintained under § 606.160(e)(1) and (2) of this chapter. Exception: If pre-collection review of the record described in § 606.160(e)(2) of this chapter is not feasible because you cannot consult the cumulative record at the collection site, you must consult the cumulative record prior to release of any blood or blood component prepared from the collection.

(2) Assure that the interval since the donor's last donation is appropriate;

(3) Assess the donor's medical history; and

(4) Perform a physical assessment of the donor.

(e) How do you assess the donor's medical history? Before collection you must conduct a medical history interview as described in this section to determine if the donor is in good health; to identify risk factors closely associated with exposure to, or clinical evidence of a relevant transfusion-transmitted infection; and to determine if there are other conditions that may adversely affect the health of the donor or the safety, purity, or potency of the blood or blood components or any product manufactured from the blood or blood components. Your assessment must include each of the following factors:

(1) Factors that make the donor ineligible to donate because of an increased risk for, or evidence of, a relevant transfusion-transmitted infection. A donor is ineligible to donate when information provided by the donor or other reliable evidence indicates possible exposure to a relevant transfusion-transmitted infection if that risk of exposure is still applicable at the time of donation. Information and evidence indicating possible exposure to a relevant transfusion-transmitted infection include:

(i) Behaviors associated with a relevant transfusion-transmitted infection;

(ii) Receipt of blood or blood components or other medical treatments and procedures associated with possible exposure to a relevant transfusion-transmitted infection;

(iii) Signs and/or symptoms of a relevant transfusion-transmitted infection;

(iv) Institutionalization for 72 hours or more consecutively in the past 12 months in a correctional institution;

(v) Intimate contact with risk for a relevant transfusion-transmitted infection; and

(vi) Nonsterile percutaneous inoculation.

(2) Other factors that make the donor ineligible to donate. A donor is ineligible to donate when donating could adversely affect the health of the donor, or when the safety, purity, or potency of the blood or blood component could be affected adversely. Your assessment of the donor must include each of the following factors:

(i) Symptoms of a recent or current illness;

(ii) Certain medical treatments or medications;

(iii) Travel to, or residence in, an area endemic for a transfusion-transmitted infection, when such screening is necessary to assure the safety, purity, and potency of blood and blood components due to the risks presented by donor travel and the risk of transmission of that transfusion-transmitted infection by such donors;

(iv) Exposure or possible exposure to an accidentally or intentionally released disease or disease agent relating to a transfusion-transmitted infection, if you know or suspect that such a release has occurred;

(v) Pregnancy at the time of, or within 6 weeks prior to, donation;

(vi) Whether, in the opinion of the interviewer, the donor appears to be under the influence of any drug, alcohol or for any reason does not appear to be providing reliable answers to medical history questions, or if the donor says that the purpose of donating is to obtain test results for a relevant transfusion-transmitted infection; and

(vii) The donor is a xenotransplantation product recipient.

(f) How do you perform a physical assessment of the donor? You must determine on the day of donation, and before collection that the donor is in good health based on the following, at a minimum:

(1) Temperature. The donor's oral body temperature must not exceed 37.5 °C (99.5 °F), or the equivalent if measured at another body site;

(2) Blood pressure. The donor's systolic blood pressure must not measure above 180 mm of mercury, or below 90 mm of mercury, and the diastolic blood pressure must not measure above 100 mm of mercury or below 50 mms of mercury. A donor with measurements outside these limits may be permitted to donate only when the responsible physician examines the donor and determines and documents that the health of the donor would not be adversely affected by donating.

(3) Hemoglobin or hematocrit determination. You must determine the donor's hemoglobin level or hematocrit value by using a sample of blood obtained by fingerstick, venipuncture, or by a method that provides equivalent results. Blood obtained from the earlobe is not acceptable.

(i) Allogeneic donors must have a hemoglobin level or hematocrit value that is adequate to assure donor safety and product potency. The following minimum standards apply.

(A) Female allogeneic donors must have a hemoglobin level that is equal to or greater than 12.5 grams of hemoglobin per deciliter of blood, or a hematocrit value that is equal to or greater than 38 percent. Recognizing that lower levels are also within normal limits for female donors, you may collect blood from female allogeneic donors who have a hemoglobin level between 12.0 and 12.5 grams per deciliter of blood, or a hematocrit value between 36 and 38 percent, provided that you have taken additional steps to assure that this alternative standard is adequate to ensure that the health of the donor will not be adversely affected due to the donation, in accordance with a procedure that has been found acceptable for this purpose by FDA.

(B) Male allogeneic donors must have a hemoglobin level that is equal to or greater than 13.0 grams of hemoglobin per deciliter of blood, or a hematocrit value that is equal to or greater than 39 percent.

(ii) An autologous donor must have a hemoglobin level no less than 11.0 grams of hemoglobin per deciliter of blood, or a hematocrit value no less than 33 percent.

(4) Pulse. The donor's pulse must be regular and between 50 and 100 beats per minute. A donor with an irregular pulse or measurements outside these limits may be permitted to donate only when the responsible physician determines and documents that the health of the donor would not be adversely affected by donating.

(5) Weight. The donor must weigh a minimum of 50 kilograms (110 pounds).

(6) Skin examination. (i) The donor's phlebotomy site must be free of infection, inflammation, and lesions; and

(ii) The donor's arms and forearms must be free of punctures and scars indicative of injected drugs of abuse.

(g) Are there additional requirements for determining the eligibility of the donor? You must obtain the following from the donor on the day of donation:

(1) Proof of identity and postal address. You must obtain proof of identity of the donor and a postal address where the donor may be contacted for 8 weeks after donation; and

(2) Donor's acknowledgement. (i) Prior to each donation, you must provide information to the donor addressing the elements specified in paragraphs (g)(2)(ii)(A) through (E) of this section and obtain the donor's acknowledgement that the donor has reviewed the information. You must establish procedures in accordance with § 606.100 of this chapter to assure that the donor has reviewed this material, and provide for a signature or other documented acknowledgement.

(ii) The donor acknowledgement must not include any exculpatory language through which the donor is made to waive or appear to waive any of the donor's legal rights. It must, at a minimum clearly address the following:

(A) The donor has reviewed the educational material provided under paragraph (b) of this section regarding relevant transfusion-transmitted infections;

(B) The donor agrees not to donate if the donation could result in a potential risk to recipients as described in the educational material;

(C) A sample of the donor's blood will be tested for specified relevant transfusion-transmitted infections;

(D) If the donation is determined to be not suitable under § 630.30(a) or if the donor is deferred from donation under § 610.41 of this chapter, the donor's record will identify the donor as ineligible to donate and the donor will be notified under § 630.40 of the basis for the deferral and the period of deferral;

(E) The donor has been provided and reviewed information regarding the risks and hazards of the specific donation procedure; and

(F) The donor has the opportunity to ask questions and withdraw from the donation procedure.

(h) What must you do when a donor is not eligible? You must not collect blood or blood components from a donor found to be ineligible prior to collection based on criteria in §§ 630.10 or 630.15, or deferred under § 610.41 of this chapter or § 630.30(b)(2), unless this subchapter provides an exception. You must defer donors found to be ineligible and you must notify the donor of their deferral under § 630.40.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 18 cases (2 in the last 5 years), 1980–2025 · leading case: Berkovitz v. United States
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Berkovitz v. United States (1988) scotus · cites it 4× “1964); 21 CFR § 630.10 (b)(2) (1987), the seed virus, see 42 CFR §§ 73.”
Strong v. American Cyanamid Co. (2008) moctapp · cites it 10× “He also testified that Company violated 21 C.F.R. Section 630.10(b)(3) because it did not test the Sabin strains for extraneous microbial agents.”
George Matheis, Jr. v. CSL Plasma Inc (2019) ca3 · cites it 4× “The parties and the District Court also note the blood transfusion regulation in 21 C.F.R. § 630.10 , but this does not alleviate CSL’s burden under § 36.”
Wade Baker and Rita Baker v. United States (1987) ca9 · cites it 4× “See 21 C.F.R. §§ 630.10 -.17. 2 Drug manufacturers must establish their product’s conformity to these regulations before the Secretary will issue a license for manufacturing.”
Lora E. Loge and Roger S. Loge v. United States of America and Unknown Employees of the Department of Health, Education, (1981) ca8 · cites it 6× “” A characteristic of live Sabin polio vaccines such as Ori-mune is that not only is the vaccine’s recipient immunized from polio, but unimmun-ized persons who come into close contact with the recipient also are immunized through a shed virus which spreads from the recipient to…”
Levorsen v. Octapharma Plasma, Inc. (2016) ca10 · cites it 2× “100 (b)(1) (requiring PDCs to establish “[c]riteria used to determine donor eligibility, including acceptable medical history criteria”); 21 C.F.R. § 630.10 (a) (noting that PDCs must determine donor eligibility, and that donors aren’t eligible if “not in good health” or if PDC…”
Mark Silguero and Amy Wolfe v. Csl Plasma, Incorporated (2019) tex “See 21 C.F.R. § 630.10 . During the screening, potential donors answer health-related questions, and CSL's medical staff, referring to CSL's medical guidelines, determine their eligibility by checking their vital signs and considering their medical history, current medications,…”
Mark Silguero v. CSL Plasma, Incorporated (2018) ca5 “21 C.F.R. § 630.10 (a). The parties disagree about the extent to which the particular policies at issue are necessary to comply with the FDA regulations.”
Joseph R. Graham v. American Cyanamid Company, Roy Lee Lundy v. American Cyanamid Company (2003) ca6 “See 21 C.F.R. §§ 630.10 -.18 (1974) (formerly codified at 42 C.”
Matheis v. CSL Plasma, Inc. (2018) pamd · cites it 4× “) This rejection criteria is based on 21 C.F.R. § 630.10 (e)(2), which provides that a "donor is ineligible to donate when donating could adversely affect the health of the donor .”
Staples v. Secretary of Department of Health & Human Services (1994) uscfc · cites it 2× “21 C.F.R. § 630.10 (b) (1988). 6 Thus, the FDA regulations provide for several oral polio vaccines: a monovalent vaccine (consisting of only one type of attenuated polio virus strain) for each of the three types of attenuated poliovirus strains, as well as a polyvalent vaccine…”
Charles Schindler, and Mary Schindler, Individually and as Next Friend of Karl Michael Schindler v. United States (1981) ca6 “In licensing and continuing to allow the manufacture, distribution and sale of Orimune utilizing Sabin poliovirus strains without data having been submitted to the Surgeon General which would have established that such strains were free of harmful effect upon administration in…”
Show all 18 citing cases →
— 21 C.F.R. § 630.10(b)(3) — 1 case
Strong v. American Cyanamid Co. (2008) moctapp “He also testified that Company violated 21 C.F.R. Section 630.10(b)(3) because it did not test the Sabin strains for extraneous microbial agents.”
— 21 C.F.R. § 630.10(b)(4) — 1 case
Strong v. American Cyanamid Co. (2008) moctapp “He also testified that Company violated 21 C.F.R. Section 630.10(b)(3) because it did not test the Sabin strains for extraneous microbial agents.”
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