C.F.R. » Title 28 » CHAPTER I—DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE › PART 25—DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS › Subpart A—The National Instant Criminal Background Check System

28 C.F.R. § 25.7

Querying records in the system

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(a) The following search descriptors will be required in all queries of the system for purposes of a background check:

(1) Name;

(2) Sex;

(3) Race;

(4) Complete date of birth; and

(5) State of residence.

(b) A unique numeric identifier may also be provided to search for additional records based on exact matches by the numeric identifier. Examples of unique numeric identifiers for purposes of this system are: Social Security number (to comply with Privacy Act requirements, a Social Security number will not be required by the NICS to perform any background check) and miscellaneous identifying numbers (e.g., military number or number assigned by Federal, state, or local authorities to an individual's record). Additional identifiers that may be requested by the system after an initial query include height, weight, eye and hair color, and place of birth. At the option of the querying agency, these additional identifiers may also be included in the initial query of the system.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 10 cases (5 in the last 5 years), 2012–2026 · leading case: Heller v. District of Columbia
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Heller v. District of Columbia (2015) cadc · cites it 2× “28 C.F.R. § 25.7 . A dealer may, in addition, report the purchaser’s Social Security or other identifying number and physical description.”
McRorey v. Garland (2024) ca5 “See 28 C.F.R. § 25.7 (a); 27 C.F.R. § 478.124 (c)(1).”
Montgomery v. Cuomo (2018) nywd “124 ; 28 C.F.R. § 25.7 (a) ; 18 U.S.C. § 922 (g)(1)-(9),(n) (setting forth ten conditions that render an individual ineligible to purchase a firearm).”
Ross v. Federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, & Explosives (2012) mdd “28 C.F.R. § 25.7 . The NICS Section assigns a Transaction Number (“NTN”) to the inquiry, gives that number to the FFL, and then searches three electronic databases — the Interstate Identification Index, the National Crime Information Center, and the NICS Index — to determine…”
Erwin Lejon-Twin El v. Joe Marino (2018) ca3 “§ 8 is a rule of construction that includes a “born-alive infant” within the meaning of the words “person,” “human being,” “child,” and “individual” with respect to Congressional Acts or rules and regulations enacted by administrative agencies; and 28 C.F.R. § 25.7 is one of a…”
Robinson v. Sessions (2018) ca2 “124 ; 28 C.F.R. § 25.7 (a); 18 3 U.S.C. § 922 (g)(1)-(9),(n) (setting forth ten conditions that render an individual ineligible to purchase a firearm).”
Maryland Shall Issue, Inc. v. Hogan (2021) mdd “28 C.F.R. § 25.7 . A dealer may, in addition, report the purchaser's Social Security Number or other identifying number and physical description.”
Maryland Shall Issue, Inc. v. Hogan (2021) mdd “28 C.F.R. § 25.7 . A dealer may, in addition, report the purchaser's Social Security Number or other identifying number and physical description.”
Susman v. Sullivan, M.D. (2025) nywd “124 ; 28 C.F.R. § 25.7 (a); 18 U.S.C. § 922 (g)(1)-(9), (n)).”
Edmund J. Susman Jr. and all similarly situated individuals v. Ann Marie T. Sullivan, M.D. et al (2026) nywd “124 ; 28 C.F.R. § 25.7 (a); 18 U.S.C. § 922 (g)(1)-(9), (n)).”
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