Colorado Revised Statutes

Colo. Rev. Stat. § 24-31-901 (2026)

Definitions

✓ current as of July 2026

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As used in this part 9, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Contact" means an in-person interaction with an individual, whether or not the person is in a motor vehicle, initiated by a peace officer, whether consensual or nonconsensual, for the purpose of enforcing the law or investigating possible violations of the law. "Contact" does not include routine interactions with the public at the point of entry or exit from a controlled area; a non-investigatory and consensual interaction with a member of the public, initiated by a member of the public, unless and until the interaction progresses into an investigation of a possible violation of the law; a motorist assist; undercover interactions; or routine interactions with persons detained in a jail or detention facility.

(2) "Demographic information" means race, ethnicity, sex, and approximate age.

(2.5) "Exonerated" means dismissal of charges by the court or appropriate prosecutor or a not guilty verdict in a criminal prosecution, a finding of no liability in a civil action, a finding of no culpability or no liability or similar determination in an administrative proceeding, or a finding of not sustained in an internal investigation; except that a finding of no culpability or no liability in an administrative proceeding or a finding of not sustained in an internal investigation does not mean "exonerated" if the officer is found guilty in a subsequent criminal prosecution for the same conduct or found liable for the same conduct in a civil action.

(3) "Peace officer" means any person employed by a political subdivision of the state required to be certified by the P.O.S.T. board pursuant to section 16-2.5-102, a Colorado state patrol officer as described in section 16-2.5-114, and any noncertified deputy sheriff as described in section 16-2.5-103 (2).

(4) "Physical force" means the application of physical techniques or tactics, chemical agents, or weapons to another person.

(4.5) "P.O.S.T. board" means the peace officers standards and training board created in section 24-31-302.

(5) "Serious bodily injury" has the same meaning as in section 18-1-901 (3)(p).

(6) "Tamper" means to intentionally damage, disable, dislodge, or obstruct the sight or sound or otherwise impair functionality of the body-worn camera or to intentionally damage, delete, or fail to upload some or all portions of the video and audio.

(7) "Weapon" means a firearm, long gun, taser, baton, nun chucks, or projectile.

Source: L. 2020: Entire part added, (SB 20-217), ch. 110, p. 445, § 2, effective June 19. L. 2021: (1) amended and (2.5), (4.5), and (7) added, (HB 21-1250), ch. 458, p. 3054, § 1, effective July 6.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 6 cases (6 in the last 5 years), 2022–2026 · leading case: Peo v. Jelks (Colo. Ct. App. 2026).

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Peo v. Jelks (Colo. Ct. App. 2026). · cites it 3× “” § 24-31-901(3), C.R.S. 2025 (emphasis added).”

Brooks v. City & Cnty. of Denver (Colo. Ct. App. 2026). · cites it 3× “First, 4 Under section 24-31-901(3), C.R.S. 2025, a peace officer includes “any person employed by a political subdivision of the state required to be certified by the P.”

Vincent Damon Ditirro v. Matthew J. Sando (Colo. Ct. App. 2022). · cites it 2× “” § 24-31-901(3), C.R.S. 2021. 3. The District Court Did Not Err in Interpreting Section 13-21-131 ¶ 34 The district court granted Adams County’s and Commerce City’s motions to dismiss on the grounds that “[t]he plain and unambiguous language of [section] 13-21-131(1)…”

Colorado Springs Fellowship Church v. City of Colorado Springs (D. Colo. 2022). · cites it 2× “ulation” as: a zoning or landmarking law, or the application of such a law, that limits or restricts a claimant’s use or development of land (including a structure affixed to land), if the claimant has an ownership, leasehold, easement, servitude, or other property interest in…”

Minter v. City of Aurora, Colorado (D. Colo. 2022). · cites it 2× “ELEIA, which became law on June 19, 2020, created such cause of action as to defendant “peace officers,” as defined by C.R.S. § 24-31-901(3), but only to the extent they are employed by a “local government” (i.”

Sholes v. City Council of the City of Craig Colorado (D. Colo. 2025). · cites it 2× “Colorado’s Enhanced Law Enforcement Integrity Act (the “ELEIA”) created a cause of action for individuals to seek redress for police conduct that violates constitutional rights under article II of the Colorado Constitution: A peace officer, as defined in section 24-31-901(3)…”

— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 24-31-901(3) — 5 cases

Peo v. Jelks (Colo. Ct. App. 2026). “” § 24-31-901(3), C.R.S. 2025 (emphasis added).”

Brooks v. City & Cnty. of Denver (Colo. Ct. App. 2026). “First, 4 Under section 24-31-901(3), C.R.S. 2025, a peace officer includes “any person employed by a political subdivision of the state required to be certified by the P.”

Vincent Damon Ditirro v. Matthew J. Sando (Colo. Ct. App. 2022). “” § 24-31-901(3), C.R.S. 2021. 3. The District Court Did Not Err in Interpreting Section 13-21-131 ¶ 34 The district court granted Adams County’s and Commerce City’s motions to dismiss on the grounds that “[t]he plain and unambiguous language of [section] 13-21-131(1)…”

Minter v. City of Aurora, Colorado (D. Colo. 2022). “ELEIA, which became law on June 19, 2020, created such cause of action as to defendant “peace officers,” as defined by C.R.S. § 24-31-901(3), but only to the extent they are employed by a “local government” (i.”

Sholes v. City Council of the City of Craig Colorado (D. Colo. 2025). “Colorado’s Enhanced Law Enforcement Integrity Act (the “ELEIA”) created a cause of action for individuals to seek redress for police conduct that violates constitutional rights under article II of the Colorado Constitution: A peace officer, as defined in section 24-31-901(3)…”

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