Florida Statutes
Fla. Stat. § 327.54 (2025)
Liveries; safety regulations; penalty.
✓ 2025 Florida Statutes — current through the 2025 Regular Session
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327.54 Liveries; safety regulations; penalty.—
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Advertise” means to describe or draw attention to a vessel and its availability for lease or rental in any medium for the purpose of promoting the lease or rental of the vessel.
(b) “Conviction” means any judicial disposition other than acquittal or dismissal.
(c) “Livery” means a person who advertises and offers a livery vessel for use by another in exchange for any type of consideration when such person does not also provide or does not require the lessee or renter to provide as a condition of the rental or lease agreement a person licensed by the United States Coast Guard to serve as master of the vessel or to manage the vessel. The owner of a vessel who does not advertise his or her vessel for use by another for consideration and who loans or offers his or her vessel for use to another known to him or her either for consideration or without consideration is not a livery. A public or private school or postsecondary institution located within this state is not a livery. A vessel rented or leased by a livery is a livery vessel as defined in s. 327.02.
(d) “Seaworthy” means the vessel and all of its parts and equipment, including, but not limited to, engines, bilge pumps, and kill switches, are functional and reasonably fit for their intended purpose.
(2) A livery may not offer a vessel for lease or rent without first being issued a no-cost livery permit by the commission. The permit must be renewed annually. To qualify for issuance or renewal of a livery permit, an applicant must provide the commission with a list of all vessels offered by the livery for lease or rent by another, have valid insurance pursuant to subsection (7), have an amount of United States Coast Guard-approved lawful personal floatation devices on site sufficient to accommodate the capacity of all vessels offered by the livery for rent or lease by another, have on site all safety equipment required by s. 327.50 and the Code of Federal Regulations sufficient to equip all vessels offered by the livery for rent or lease by another, and display the information required by paragraph (3)(f). If, before the annual renewal of the permit, the information required by this subsection changes, the livery must provide the commission with the updated information within 10 days after the change.
(a) The commission may adopt rules to implement this subsection.
(3) A livery may not knowingly lease or rent a vessel to any person:
(a) When the number of persons intending to use the vessel exceeds the number considered to constitute a maximum safety load for the vessel as specified on the authorized persons capacity plate of the vessel.
(b) When the horsepower of the motor exceeds the capacity of the vessel.
(c) When the vessel does not contain the safety equipment required under s. 327.50.
(d) When the vessel is not seaworthy, is a derelict vessel as defined in s. 823.11, or is at risk of becoming derelict as provided in s. 327.4107.
(e) Unless the livery provides pre-rental or pre-ride instruction in compliance with rules established by the commission.
1. The instruction must include, but need not be limited to:
a. Operational characteristics of the vessel to be rented.
b. Safe vessel operation and vessel right-of-way.
c. The responsibility of the vessel operator for the safe and proper operation of the vessel.
d. Local characteristics of the waterway where the vessel will be operated, such as navigational hazards, the presence of boating-restricted areas, and water depths.
e. Emergency procedures, such as appropriate responses to capsizing, falls overboard, taking on water, and vessel accidents.
2. Any person receiving instruction in the safe handling of livery vessels pursuant to this paragraph must provide the livery with a written statement attesting to each component of the instruction.
a. The commission shall establish by rule the content of the statement form.
b. The statement form must be signed by the individual providing the instruction.
c. The livery shall maintain the statement form for no less than 90 days and, upon request, make the form available for inspection by law enforcement.
(f) Unless the livery displays boating safety information in a place visible to the renting public. The commission shall prescribe by rule, pursuant to chapter 120, the contents and size of the boating safety information to be displayed.
(g) Unless the livery has a written agreement with the renter or lessee. The written agreement must include the name, address, and date of birth for the renter and the number of people aboard the vessel, as well as the time the vessel is required to be returned to the livery or another specified location and an emergency contact name, address, and telephone number. The livery shall maintain each agreement for no less than 1 year and, upon request, make each agreement available for inspection by law enforcement.
(4) A livery may not knowingly lease or rent a vessel to a person who is required to comply with s. 327.395 unless such person presents to the livery the documentation required by s. 327.395(2) for the operation of a vessel or meets the exemption provided under s. 327.395(6)(f).
(5) If a vessel rented or leased by a livery is unnecessarily overdue more than 4 hours after the contracted vessel rental time has expired, the livery must notify law enforcement.
(6) A livery may not knowingly lease or rent a livery vessel, other than a human-powered vessel, to any person who is under 18 years of age.
(7) A livery may not lease or rent or offer to lease or rent any livery vessel unless the livery:
(a) Obtains and carries in full force and effect a policy from a licensed insurance carrier in this state which insures the livery against any accident, loss, injury, property damage, or other casualty caused by or resulting from the operation of the livery vessel. The insurance policy must provide coverage of at least $500,000 per person and $1 million per event. The livery shall have proof of such insurance available for inspection at the location where livery vessels are being leased or rented, or offered for lease or rent, and shall provide to each renter the insurance carrier’s name and address and the insurance policy number; and
(b) Either:
1. Obtains and carries in full force and effect a policy from a licensed insurance carrier in this state which insures the renter in the same manner and amounts of the policy obtained by the livery under paragraph (a) and provides to each renter the insurance carrier’s name and address and the insurance policy number; or
2. Presents the renter with the opportunity to purchase coverage which insures the renter against any accident, loss, injury, property damage, or other casualty caused by or resulting from the operation of the livery vessel of at least $500,000 per person and $1 million per event. If a renter chooses not to purchase the coverage, the livery must obtain a signed acknowledgment from the renter which includes an attestation as to whether the renter has a Florida boating safety identification card issued by the commission, a temporary certificate, or another form of boating certification authorized pursuant to s. 327.395, and that includes the following statement:
I UNDERSTAND THAT I AM REFUSING TO PURCHASE A VESSEL RENTAL INSURANCE POLICY FOR COVERAGE OF AT LEAST $500,000 PER PERSON AND $1 MILLION PER EVENT FOR ANY DAMAGE OR INJURIES CAUSED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY BY MY OPERATION OF THE VESSEL.
THE VESSEL RENTAL INSURANCE POLICY COVERAGE IS BEING OFFERED TO ME AT THE FOLLOWING PRICE: [INSERT BINDABLE PRICE HERE OF INSURANCE BEING DECLINED].
I UNDERSTAND THAT I MAY NOT HAVE OTHER INSURANCE TO COVER ANY DAMAGE OR INJURIES CAUSED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY BY MY OPERATION OF THE VESSEL AND THAT I MAY BE PERSONALLY LIABLE FOR ANY SUCH DAMAGE OR INJURIES DURING THE RENTAL PERIOD.
This subsection does not apply to human-powered vessels.
(8) Notwithstanding the person’s age or any exemptions provided in s. 327.395, any person delivering instruction regarding the safe operation of vessels or pre-rental or pre-ride instruction in accordance with subsection (3) must have successfully completed a boating safety education course approved by the National Association of State Boating Law Administrators and this state.
(9) If a vessel rented or leased by a livery is involved in an accident, the livery must report the accident to the division.
(10) A livery shall make its facilities and records available for inspection upon request by law enforcement no later than 24 hours after receiving notice from law enforcement.
(11)(a) Any person convicted of violating this section, other than subsection (2), who has not been convicted of a violation of this section within the past 3 years commits a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(b) Unless the stricter penalties in paragraph (c) apply, a person who violates this section, other than subsection (2), within 3 years after a previous conviction of a violation of this section commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083, with a minimum mandatory fine of $500.
(12) A person who commits more than one violation of this section, other than subsection (2), within a 3-year period may not act as a livery during a 90-day period immediately after being charged with that violation. The commission may revoke or refuse to issue a permit under subsection (2) based on repeated violations of this section.
History.—s. 12, ch. 63-105; s. 1, ch. 65-361; s. 303, ch. 71-136; s. 10, ch. 84-188; s. 4, ch. 89-136; s. 2, ch. 96-187; s. 42, ch. 97-96; s. 19, ch. 2000-362; s. 3, ch. 2011-152; s. 21, ch. 2021-184; s. 5, ch. 2022-197; s. 1, ch. 2023-217; s. 10, ch. 2025-147; s. 8, ch. 2025-197.
Note.—Former s. 371.561.
Arrestable Offenses under F.S. 327.54
M = misdemeanor · F = felony · degree: F=1st S=2nd T=3rd§327.54(2)PUBLIC ORDER CRIMESVIOLATE LIVERY PERMITTING
§327.54(4)HEALTH-SAFETYVSL LEASE NO BOAT SAFETY ED W/O PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(4)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE NO BOATING SAFETY ED PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(4)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE NO BOAT SAFETY ED 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(5)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL NOTF LEO OVRDUE VSL LEASE NO PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(5)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL NOTIFY LEO OVERDUE VSL LEASE PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(5)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL NOTF LEO OVRDUE VSL LEASE 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(6)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE UNDER 18 YOA W/O PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(6)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE UNDER 18 YOA PRIOR IN 3 YRS
§327.54(6)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE UNDER 18 YOA 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(7)HEALTH-SAFETYLIVERY RENT VESSEL W/O INSUR 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(7)HEALTH-SAFETYLIVERY RENT VESSEL W/O INSURANCE PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(7)HEALTH-SAFETYLIVERY RENT VESSEL W/O INSUR W/O PRIOR IN 3Y
§327.54(8)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL OBTAIN BOAT SAFETY ED COURSE PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(8)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL OBT BOAT SAFETY ED COURSE 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(8)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL OBT BOAT SFTY ED COURSE W/O PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(9)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL RPT ACCIDNT VESSEL LEASE W/O PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(9)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL REPORT ACCIDENT VESSEL LEASE PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(9)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL RPT ACCIDENT VESSEL LEASE 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(10)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL TO PROVIDE RECORD INSPECTION PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(10)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL PROVIDE REC FOR INSPECTN 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(10)HEALTH-SAFETYFAIL PROVIDE RECORD INSPECTN W/O PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54HEALTH-SAFETYREMOVED
§327.54(3a)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE UNSAFE LOAD PRIOR IN 3 YRS
§327.54(3a)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE UNSAFE LOAD 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(3a)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE UNSAFE LOAD W/O PRIOR IN 3 YRS
§327.54(3b)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE HP EXCEED 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(3b)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE HP EXCEED W/O PRIOR IN 3 YRS
§327.54(3b)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE HP EXCEED PRIOR IN 3 YRS
§327.54(3c)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE NO SAFETY EQUIP W/O PRIOR 3 YRS
§327.54(3c)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE NO SAFETY EQUIP PRIOR IN 3 YRS
§327.54(3c)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE NO SAFETY EQUIP 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(3d)HEALTH-SAFETYLEASE DERELICT UNSAFE VESSEL 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(3d)HEALTH-SAFETYLEASE DERELICT UNSAFE VESSEL W/O PRIOR 3YR
§327.54(3d)HEALTH-SAFETYLEASE DERELICT UNSAFE VESSEL PRIOR IN 3 YRS
§327.54(3e)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE NO INSTRUCTION 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(3e)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE NO INSTRUCTION W/O PRIOR IN 3 YRS
§327.54(3e)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE NO INSTRUCTION PRIOR IN 3 YRS
§327.54(3f)HEALTH-SAFETYVSL LEASE NO SAFETY INFO DISPLAY W/O PRIOR 3YR
§327.54(3f)HEALTH-SAFETYVSSL LEASE NO SAFETY INFO DISPLAY PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(3f)HEALTH-SAFETYVSL LEASE NO SAFETY INFO DISPL 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(3g)HEALTH-SAFETYVSL LEASE NO WRITTEN AGREEMENT 3RD SUB W/I 5YR
§327.54(3g)HEALTH-SAFETYVSL LEASE NO WRITTEN AGREEMNT W/O PRIOR IN 3YR
§327.54(3g)HEALTH-SAFETYVESSEL LEASE NO WRITTEN AGREEMENT PRIOR IN 3YR
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 5
cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1991–2023 · leading case: Briggs v. Jupiter Hills Lighthouse Marina, 9 So. 3d 29 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009).
Briggs v. Jupiter Hills Lighthouse Marina, 9 So. 3d 29 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009). “We do agree with plaintiff, however, that his state statutory cause of action against Jupiter Hills should not have been barred by the three-year statute of limitations.”
Ruano v. Water Sports of Am., Inc., 578 So. 2d 385 (Fla. 3d DCA 1991). “WSA moved for Summary Judgment on the grounds that section 327.54, Florida Statutes *386 (1987), [1] operates as a complete defense and that the facts do not support a claim of negligent entrustment as a matter of law.”
Meyers Ex Rel. Meyers v. Scoot-a-way Corp., 662 So. 2d 411 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995). “" § 327.54(1)(d), Fla. Stat. (1993). [2] "When the livery has complied with subsections (1), (2) and (3), its liability ceases and the person leasing the vessel from the livery is liable for any violations of this chapter and is personally liable for any accident or injury…”
Downing v. Florida Adventures & Rentals L.L.C. (M.D. Fla. 2023). “39 (Count I); strict vicarious liability under Florida’s dangerous instrumentality doctrine (Count II); and a violation of Fla. Stat. § 327.54 (Count III). (Id. at 12–20).”
McVicker v. Kolb, 839 So. 2d 768 (Fla. 4th DCA 2003). “She also alleged violations of section 327.54 in that Kolb failed to provide instruction on the operation of the vessel and failed to have the required insurance.”
— 327.54(1) — 1 case
Briggs v. Jupiter Hills Lighthouse Marina, 9 So. 3d 29 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009). “We do agree with plaintiff, however, that his state statutory cause of action against Jupiter Hills should not have been barred by the three-year statute of limitations.”
— 327.54(1)(d) — 1 case
Meyers Ex Rel. Meyers v. Scoot-a-way Corp., 662 So. 2d 411 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995). “" § 327.54(1)(d), Fla. Stat. (1993). [2] "When the livery has complied with subsections (1), (2) and (3), its liability ceases and the person leasing the vessel from the livery is liable for any violations of this chapter and is personally liable for any accident or injury…”
— 327.54(5) — 1 case
Meyers Ex Rel. Meyers v. Scoot-a-way Corp., 662 So. 2d 411 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995). “" § 327.54(1)(d), Fla. Stat. (1993). [2] "When the livery has complied with subsections (1), (2) and (3), its liability ceases and the person leasing the vessel from the livery is liable for any violations of this chapter and is personally liable for any accident or injury…”
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