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Florida Statute 440.28 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
F.S. 440.28 Case Law from Google Scholar
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The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XXXI
LABOR
Chapter 440
WORKERS' COMPENSATION
View Entire Chapter
F.S. 440.28
440.28 Modification of orders.Upon a judge of compensation claims’ own initiative, or upon the application of any party in interest, on the ground of a change in condition or because of a mistake in a determination of fact, the judge of compensation claims may, at any time prior to 2 years after the date of the last payment of compensation pursuant to the compensation order the party seeks to modify, or at any time prior to 2 years after the date copies of an order rejecting a claim are mailed to the parties at the last known address of each, review a compensation case in accordance with the procedure prescribed in respect of claims in s. 440.25 and, in accordance with such section, issue a new compensation order which may terminate, continue, reinstate, increase, or decrease such compensation or award compensation. Such new order shall not affect any compensation previously paid, except that an award increasing the compensation rate may be made effective from the date of the injury, and, if any part of the compensation due or to become due is unpaid, an award decreasing the compensation rate may be made effective from the date of the injury, and any payment made prior thereto in excess of such decreased rate shall be deducted from any unpaid compensation, in such manner and by such method as may be determined by the judge of compensation claims.
History.s. 28, ch. 17481, 1935; CGL 1936 Supp. 5966(28); s. 9, ch. 20672, 1941; s. 10, ch. 28241, 1953; s. 119, ch. 71-355; s. 13, ch. 75-209; s. 23, ch. 78-300; ss. 21, 124, ch. 79-40; s. 21, ch. 79-312; s. 43, ch. 89-289; s. 56, ch. 90-201; s. 52, ch. 91-1; s. 5, ch. 91-46; s. 31, ch. 93-415.

F.S. 440.28 on Google Scholar

F.S. 440.28 on Casetext

Amendments to 440.28


Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 440.28
Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

Current data shows no reason an arrest or criminal charge should have occurred directly under Florida Statute 440.28.



Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

MEEHAN, v. ORANGE COUNTY DATA APPRAISALS, 272 So. 3d 458 (Fla. App. Ct. 2019)

. . . raised argument that the order approving the joint stipulation was subject to modification under section 440.28 . . .

UNITED STATES FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY v. HACKETT,, 260 So. 3d 532 (Fla. App. Ct. 2018)

. . . The JCC erroneously interpreted section 440.28 of the Florida Statutes as not authorizing an Employer . . . Scope of Section 440.28. We review the JCC's interpretation of the statute de novo. Lombardi v. S. . . . Claimant argues that section 440.28 provides no point of entry for an E/C to compel an IME on the basis . . . We adhere to our previous interpretation of section 440.28 as encompassing both monetary and medical . . . In an earlier attendant-care case, we noted that section 440.28 allows either of the parties, and the . . .

O. FLORES- ORELLANA, v. CIRCLE- K, 151 So. 3d 477 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2014)

. . . order the Judge of Compensation Claims (JCC) to schedule a hearing on an action pending under section 440.28 . . . dismissing Claimant’s PFB, declaring the proceeding before him to be a modification proceeding under section 440.28 . . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (2009), provides that proceedings to modify orders are to be conducted . . .

MIRANDA, v. BRIDGE,, 112 So. 3d 500 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . modification that she filed so as to formally request modification of the November 2009 order under section 440.28 . . . See § 440.28, Fla. . . . Section 440.28, provides that an application for modification is required to be filed within two years . . . See § 440.28, Fla. Stat. (2003); see also Univ. of Fla. v. . . . Under section 440.28, even had a petition for modification been filed in December 2011, it would have . . .

AMS STAFF LEASING, INC. v. GIRALDO,, 77 So. 3d 903 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . Analysis The applicable statute, section 440.28, Florida Statutes (2006), provides: Upon a judge of compensation . . .

CHANDLER, v. CENTEX ROONEY CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, 15 So. 3d 837 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . denies that a compensable accident occurred, or prevails in proceedings filed under sections 440.24 or 440.28 . . .

CITY OF HOLLYWOOD v. BENOIT, BENOIT,, 1 So. 3d 1142 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . See §§ 440.24, 440.28, Fla. Stat. (2007). . . .

MURRAY, v. MARINER HEALTH ACE USA,, 994 So. 2d 1051 (Fla. 2008)

. . . or (d) In cases where the claimant successfully prevails in proceedings filed under s. 440.24 or s. 440.28 . . .

T. MYERS, v. HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD RSKCo,, 982 So. 2d 735 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . merits of future disability claims, the claimant is not required to seek modification under section 440.28 . . .

D. PIGG, v. BALDERSON, INC., 951 So. 2d 914 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2007)

. . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1997), does allow any party in interest to file a petition for modification . . . Thus, even if we were to view the claimant’s 2005 petition as a petition under section 440.28, the petition . . .

OLMO, v. REHABCARE STARMED SRS,, 930 So. 2d 789 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . .]” § 440.28, Fla. Stat. (2001). See Starkman v. . . .

CAMUS, v. MANATEE COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD, 923 So. 2d 1266 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . See § 440.28, Fla. Stat. (2004). Dr. . . . the time of the original order, or a "mistake of fact” relating to the institution of that order. § 440.28 . . . determinations are res judicata and may not be changed without meeting the requirements of section 440.28 . . .

VALDES, v. GALCO CONSTRUCTION GAB,, 922 So. 2d 252 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . modification proceedings that Galco Construction and its insurance carrier (GAB) instituted under section 440.28 . . . all indemnity payments on the day of his arrest, and filed a petition for modification under section 440.28 . . . case is readily distinguishable from Capps, because here a petition for modification under section 440.28 . . . re-secure’ all or any part of those benefits in the absence of a petition for modification under section 440.28 . . .

WALT DISNEY WORLD v. K. DESSELLES,, 902 So. 2d 828 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . modification of a prior order denying permanent total disability (PTD) benefits pursuant to section 440.28 . . .

ADAMS BUILDING MATERIALS, INC. v. D. BROOKS,, 892 So. 2d 527 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . attendance for such period as the nature of the injury or the process of recovery may require”); § 440.28 . . .

DEPARTMENT OF HRS STATE v. GILES,, 895 So. 2d 431 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . medical benefits, contending that such benefits are barred by the limitations provision of section 440.28 . . . disability claim is barred because she failed to file a petition for modification, as required by section 440.28 . . .

FOSTER, v. EG G FLORIDA, INC., 879 So. 2d 75 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . As the JCC noted, the limitations period for modification of orders as provided for in section 440.28 . . . We review the JCC’s construction of section 440.28 de novo. See Dixon v. . . . This interpretation of section 440.28 would lead to an arbitrary and absurd result and would place an . . . of compensation orders under § 440.28 ... provided application therefore is made within two years of . . . Nelson, 88 So.2d 120, 121 (Fla.1956) (holding that, although section 440.28 is not strictly a statute . . .

SMITH, v. POLK COUNTY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS,, 843 So. 2d 321 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1993), provides, in pertinent part, as follows: Upon a judge of compensation . . . Section 440.28 was not intended to afford a claimant a vehicle to relitigate an identical issue that . . . Furthermore, the E/C cannot utilize the provisions in section 440.28 to relitigate the issue of claimant . . .

BROCK, v. TOM THUMB FOOD STORE RSKCo,, 831 So. 2d 266 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . condition has improved, they are free to revisit the issue pursuant to the procedure set out in section 440.28 . . .

AMENDMENTS TO THE FLORIDA RULES OF WORKERS COMPENSATION PROCEDURE, 829 So. 2d 791 (Fla. 2002)

. . . Application for modification of an order under section 440.28, Florida Statutes, shall be substantially . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. • DONE . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . .

IMC AGRICO MP, INC. v. M. FAULK,, 783 So. 2d 321 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . an appropriate predicate for ordering an offset in proceedings subsequently initiated under section 440.28 . . .

CRAWFORD COMPANY, v. S. APFEL,, 235 F.3d 1298 (11th Cir. 2000)

. . . . § 440.28 (1994), at any time prior to two years after the date of the last payment of compensation . . .

AMENDMENTS TO THE FLORIDA RULES OF WORKERS COMPENSATION PROCEDURE, 795 So. 2d 863 (Fla. 2000)

. . . Application for modification of an order under section 440.28, Florida Statutes, shall be substantially . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . . C.This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . .

ALACHUA COUNTY ADULT DETENTION CENTER v. ALFORD,, 727 So. 2d 388 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . See § 440.28, Fla. Stat. (1995) (modification of orders). . . . this court determined that the JCC erred in modifying the claimant’s AWW: Except to the extent section 440.28 . . .

GARCIA, v. NUTMEG MILLS, 722 So. 2d 208 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1998)

. . . relating to claimant’s psychiatric condition without a proper motion and hearing as required by section 440.28 . . .

McTIER, v. BAYFRONT MEDICAL CENTER, 703 So. 2d 1163 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1997)

. . . The washout order is not subject to modification under section 440.28, Florida Statutes, insofar as it . . . ’s hypertension or renal insufficiency,” it was incumbent on them to file a petition, under section 440.28 . . .

H. GASSNER, v. BECHTEL CONSTRUCTION, 702 So. 2d 548 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1997)

. . . The agreement precludes any opportunity to modify the final award of an arbitrator, while section 440.28 . . .

In AMENDMENTS TO THE FLORIDA RULES OF WORKERS COMPENSATION PROCEDURE, 674 So. 2d 631 (Fla. 1996)

. . . Application for modification of an order under section 440.28, Florida Statutes, shall be substantially . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . . This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . .

BOYNTON LANDSCAPE v. DICKINSON,, 670 So. 2d 151 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . However, the JCC erred in granting modification under section 440.28, Florida Statutes, because the claimant . . . That was not a mistake of fact justifying a modification under section 440.28; it was a mistake of law . . .

HARDRIVES OF DELRAY INC. v. STIMELY, As, 670 So. 2d 108 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . . § 440.28 (1983). . . .

ST. JOSEPH HOSPITAL v. H. CAUSEY,, 667 So. 2d 464 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . The error below in tolling section 440.28, Florida Statutes, during claimant’s prior appeal requires . . . merits of future temporary disability claims subject, of course, to timely modification under section 440.28 . . . for PTD, I find nothing in the controlling provisions or history of our statute, other than section 440.28 . . . Section 440.28 by its literal terms provides that material changes of fact after a final order on permanent . . . The decision against applicability of section 440.28 in Holder v. . . . contends that to obtain the benefits sought, it was not necessary for him to proceed under section 440.28 . . . Cases dealing with the application of section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1985), which permits modification . . . In Caron, this court recognized that resort to section 440.28 is necessary only in those cases where . . . of these doctrines must be present before it becomes necessary for a claimant to resort to Section 440.28 . . . For these reasons, resort below to section 440.28 was unnecessary. . . .

A. KNAPP, v. FLORIDA MINING AND MATERIALS,, 662 So. 2d 983 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . compensation claims (JCC) erred in failing to require a modification of previous orders as required by section 440.28 . . . enforced until the order has been modified pursuant to an application for modification under section 440.28 . . .

NAVARRO, v. SUGARCANE GROWERS COOPERATIVE AND PROFESSIONAL ADMINISTRATORS, INC., 661 So. 2d 946 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . . § 440.28, Fla.Stat. (1993). . . .

CHAMPLOVIER, v. CITY OF MIAMI,, 667 So. 2d 315 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . It is many years too late to modify the 1981 order under section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1977). . . . Champlovier does not seek modification of an order under section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1993). . . . modification on account of “a change in condition or because of a mistake in a determination of fact.” § 440.28 . . . Id., citing § 440.28 Fla.Stat. (1975). . In Gordon v. . . .

METROPOLITAN DADE COUNTY v. ROLLE,, 661 So. 2d 124 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . reasons exist for modifying the 1993 order, the party seeking modification must proceed under section 440.28 . . .

CHASTAIN, v. SCANDINAVIAN HEALTH SPAS, 659 So. 2d 1381 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . The claimant appeals a workers’ compensation order effecting modification pursuant to section 440.28, . . .

BUENA VISTA CONSTRUCTION COMPANY v. CAPPS,, 656 So. 2d 1378 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . estoppel, and law of the case as are applied to judgments in other courts, except to the extent section 440.28 . . . re-secure” all or any part of those benefits in the absence of a petition for modification under section 440.28 . . .

EASTERN AIRLINES GAB, v. GRIFFIN,, 654 So. 2d 1194 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . Gallardo, 505 So.2d 672 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987) (“Section 440.28 by its terms does not limit one seeking . . . commissioner imposed a due diligence standard on the employer/carrier which is not required by section 440.28 . . . Barry, 614 So.2d 666 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993) (Relying on Gallardo, modification pursuant to section 440.28 . . . Although the majority’s opinion in Fawaz did not discuss section 440.28, Florida Statutes, I consider . . . that the statutory grounds for obtaining modification of compensation orders under section 440.28, by . . . provisions of rule 4.130 evidencing any intent to supersede the time-honored requirements of section 440.28 . . . consistent with the interpretation placed by Florida courts on the mistake of fact requirement of section 440.28 . . . The claimant later filed a motion to modify the order pursuant to section 440.28, alleging a mistake . . . the order approving the stipulation remains binding on the parties until modified pursuant to section 440.28 . . .

ESCAMBIA COUNTY TRANSIT v. STALLWORTH,, 652 So. 2d 905 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . argue that the JCC erred in estopping the E/C from raising the two-year limitations period in section 440.28 . . . We hold that the JCC erred in estopping the E/C from raising the limitations period in section 440.28 . . . claim under section 440.25, Florida Statutes, rather than a petition for modification under section 440.28 . . . the JCC erred in estopping the E/C from asserting the two-year limitations period provided in section 440.28 . . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1979), provides in pertinent part: Modification of Orders. — Upon a . . .

F. BREEN, v. K. SMITH,, 644 So. 2d 183 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . Moreover, we cannot construe the successor JCC’s correction to have been a modification under section 440.28 . . . ; it did not allege a change in condition or mistake in a determination of fact required by section 440.28 . . .

STEVENS, v. PURSELL S WRECKER ROAD SERVICE,, 645 So. 2d 13 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . ) an order obtained through fraud and misrepresentation is grounds for modification, citing Section 440.28 . . . Even if a modification were permissible under Section 440.28, Florida Statutes, such modification must . . .

BRAVO, v. GULF WESTERN FOOD PRODUCTS, n k a, 637 So. 2d 63 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . that under the unique facts presented, section 440.19(l)(a), Florida Statutes, rather than section 440.28 . . . JCC was confronted by the employer and carrier’s (E/C) defense that the claim was barred by section 440.28 . . . for additional compensation benefits unless the claim was brought within the time allowed by section 440.28 . . . further cited McLarthy and Holder II as requiring a timely application for modification under section 440.28 . . .

CITY OF NORTH MIAMI, v. MARCY,, 630 So. 2d 601 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . Inc., 557 So.2d 962 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990) (claimant was entitled to an award of a 20% penalty under § 440.28 . . .

METROPOLITAN DADE COUNTY, v. L. BARRY,, 614 So. 2d 666 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . See section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1989); see also, Pitts v. . . . compensation case, and it has little or no application to a petition for modification pursuant to section 440.28 . . .

PLM FLORIDA HOTELS, INC. f k a v. DeMARSEUL,, 611 So. 2d 1360 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . Except to the extent section 440.28 permits modification in cases of a change of condition or a mistake . . .

HOLDER, v. KELLER KITCHEN CABINETS,, 610 So. 2d 1264 (Fla. 1992)

. . . Roe, 566 So.2d 258 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990), [quashed, 587 So.2d 1323 (Fla.1991)]), governed by Sec. 440.28 . . . That section provides in pertinent part: 440.28 Modification of orders.— Upon a judge’s own initiative . . . last payment of compensation pursuant to the 1980 order, the limitation period expressed in section 440.28 . . . As explained by the First District Court of Appeal, Section 440.28 merely serves to allow modification . . . When resort to section 440.28 was not necessary, the judge of compensation claims properly applied the . . .

GRAND BAY HOTEL a v. GUERRA, 605 So. 2d 134 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1992)

. . . for compensation and rehabilitation (not medical) benefits under Sections 440.20(12)(a) and (c) and 440.28 . . .

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, v. H. MASSIE,, 602 So. 2d 516 (Fla. 1992)

. . . district court held that the deputy commissioner erred by not allowing modification pursuant to section 440.28 . . . Massie filed a request for modification of the deputy commissioner’s prior order, pursuant to section 440.28 . . . This section reads as follows: 440.28 Modification of orders. — Upon a deputy commissioner’s own initiative . . .

AMENDMENTS TO FLORIDA RULES OF WORKERS COMPENSATION PROCEDURE, 603 So. 2d 425 (Fla. 1992)

. . . FOR REIMBURSEMENT FROM SPECIAL DISABILITY TRUST FUND Petitions for modification pursuant to Ssection 440.28 . . . manner provided by law. 4JD) This order shall not be subject to modification or review under Ssection 440.28 . . . (D) This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . . discharged and released. ⅛(0 This order shall not be subject to modification or review under Ssection 440.28 . . . (C) This order shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . .

SMITH, L. Sr. v. ROSE AUTO STORES, 596 So. 2d 809 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1992)

. . . liability for the employer for compensation shall not be subject to modification or review under section 440.28 . . .

CITY OF MIAMI, v. KNIGHT,, 596 So. 2d 104 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1992)

. . . On appeal, the City of Miami strenuously urges that section 440.28, Florida Statutes, allowing for modification . . .

BRAVO, v. GULF WESTERN FOOD PRODUCTS, n k a, 593 So. 2d 1180 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1992)

. . . Appellant contends that the judge of compensation claims (JCC) erred in applying Section 440.28, Florida . . . appeal, no petition to modify, no claim for further compensation benefits made within two years per FS 440.28 . . . be denied for lack of a timely filing of a petition for modification under the provisions of Section 440.28 . . . Appellant’s remedy was by timely application for modification under Section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . . Claimant’s failure to bring an action within the two years allowed by Section 440.28, Florida Statutes . . .

STARKMAN, v. BECHTEL POWER CORPORATION, Up,, 588 So. 2d 304 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1991)

. . . number of prior decisions of this court have held that the change of condition provision of Section 440.28 . . .

SANTA ROSA COUNTY BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS v. STEPHENS,, 585 So. 2d 1067 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1991)

. . . Claimant maintained that the section 440.28 two-year statute of limitations runs from any compensation . . . At the hearing, the discussion focused on the language of section 440.28, and the construction accorded . . . The statute applicable, section 440.28, Florida Statutes, (1983), provides in part: Modification of orders . . . Holmes Lumber Co. indicates that the construction we accorded to section 440.28 in Ford v. . . . two years of the last voluntary compensation payment is timely within the contemplation of section 440.28 . . .

KELLER KITCHEN CABINETS v. HOLDER,, 586 So. 2d 1132 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1991)

. . . order of the judge of compensation claims which order held that the limitation period under Section 440.28 . . . not obtain TTD benefits in 1988 without seeking modification of the 1980 order pursuant to Section 440.28 . . . years had passed since the last payment of PPD benefits, the limitation period expressed in Section 440.28 . . . Except to the extent that Section 440.28 permits modification, compensation orders are governed by the . . . In Palm Beach County and Atkins, the claimant also proceeded by way of Section 440.28. . . . bars further compensation benefits for temporary disability unless timely modified pursuant to section 440.28 . . . Section 440.28 provides that a claim for modification is timely only if filed “prior to 2 years after . . . Therefore, it can be reasonably postulated that unless the word “compensation” as used in section 440.28 . . . This construction of section 440.28 is consistent with the legislative intent now expressed in section . . . I reject the employer/carriers (sic) position that Florida Statute 440.28 applies, in that I find the . . . Roe, 566 So.2d 258 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990), pending S.Ct. 76-702), governed by Sec. 440.28 or by Sec. 440.19 . . .

GRIFFIN, v. ORLANDO REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER, 578 So. 2d 448 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1991)

. . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1981), provides in part: Upon a deputy commissioner’s own initiative . . . Consequently, section 440.28 does not preclude appellant from seeking modification of AWW and CR. . . .

SOUTHLAND CORP. v. FARRIS,, 576 So. 2d 886 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1991)

. . . achieve substantial justice," and inappropriately finds "a petition to modify pursuant to Fla.Stat. 440.28 . . .

D. CARON, v. SYSTEMATIC AIR SERVICES, 576 So. 2d 372 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1991)

. . . issues, including the pertinence of general res judicata principles and the inapplicability of section 440.28 . . . when a prior order granting or denying such care, or other statutory benefits, may implicate section 440.28 . . . granted upon proof of “a change in condition” or “a mistake in a determination of fact” under Section 440.28 . . . Except to the extent modification is permitted by Section 440.28, compensation orders are governed by . . . Section 440.28 merely serves to allow modification, upon specified conditions, of compensation orders . . . of these doctrines must be present before it becomes necessary for a claimant to resort to Section 440.28 . . .

PLATT, v. R. C. PROPERTY, 574 So. 2d 176 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1991)

. . . and, from that point forward, governed the rights of the parties until modified pursuant to Section 440.28 . . . liability in exchange for lump-sum payment and that no modification should be allowed under section 440.28 . . . order had become final and, as the judge and the Division note, is no longer modifiable under Section 440.28 . . . Trust Fund’s obligation to make supplemental payments before the time for modification under Section 440.28 . . .

T. PITTS, v. NIMNICHT CHEVROLET, 569 So. 2d 921 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . . § 440.28, Fla.Stat. (1983). . . . permanent disability awarded or denied, additional claims for benefits must be made by way of a section 440.28 . . . It is well settled that modification under section 440.28 must be based on a showing of a change in condition . . .

ALBERTSON S, INC. v. WALTER,, 570 So. 2d 1018 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . Pursuant to § 440.28 the JCC is entitled to modify a previous order on his or her own initiative,, but . . .

H. MASSIE, v. UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, 570 So. 2d 963 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . appeals a workers’ compensation order denying his application for modification pursuant to section 440.28 . . . , having been affirmed by this court, was binding on him and could not be relitigated under section 440.28 . . . Therefore, we first focus upon the meaning of the statutory language in section 440.28 and whether such . . . Since 1953 the modification provision has remained substantially intact in section 440.28, with only . . . The decisions state that section 440.28 cannot be used to obtain modification by (a) relitigating the . . . of a claim of compensability, the “mistake in a determination of fact” language provided in Section 440.28 . . . circumstances, any meaningful attempt to place a construction on the pertinent language of section 440.28 . . . deputy commissioner was presented with a legally sufficient motion for modification pursuant to section 440.28 . . .

KING LUMBER COMPANY v. BLOOMFIELD,, 560 So. 2d 389 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . Cf, section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . .

MALM, v. HOLIDAY THEATRES Co., 560 So. 2d 270 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1975) provides that “upon the application of any party in interest, . . .

ESCOBAR, v. ECONOMY AWNING COMPANY,, 559 So. 2d 367 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . to so modify the prior order without applying the necessary standards for modification under section 440.28 . . . not have purported to “overrule” that determination without proceeding by modification under section 440.28 . . . upon “a change in condition or because of a mistake in a determination of fact” as required by section 440.28 . . . In remanding for the judge to consider the applicability of section 440.28, we express no opinion as . . .

BRANNIGAN, v. STEVE BARNETT PONTIAC, 555 So. 2d 974 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . Appellant has not raised the specific issue of the application of Section 440.28, Florida Statutes, to . . .

DENEAULT, v. ALACHUA COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD, 555 So. 2d 909 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . In regard to the first issue, claimant urges reversal under Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1987), . . . Section 440.28 allows a judge, on the ground of a change in condition, to review a compensation case . . . Murphy, 494 So.2d 519, 522 (Fla. 1st DCA 1986), that section 440.28 was designed to “afford relief to . . . Section 440.28 provides in pertinent part: [U]pon the application of any party in interest, on the ground . . .

MONTGOMERY WARD L C, v. WADE,, 545 So. 2d 410 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1989)

. . . This amendment was permissible pursuant to section 440.28, Florida Statutes, which allows modification . . .

SHELFER, v. DAIRYMEN, INC., 543 So. 2d 246 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1989)

. . . He imposed the stricter standard of proof applied to modifications set out in section 440.28, Florida . . . judicata unless the claimant could show a change of condition or a material mistake in fact under section 440.28 . . . subsequent wage loss hearing the burden would be on the ec to show grounds for modification under section 440.28 . . .

THE FLORIDA BAR. In Re WORKERS COMPENSATION RULES OF PROCEDURE, 535 So. 2d 243 (Fla. 1988)

. . . FOR REIMBURSEMENT FROM SPECIAL DISABILITY TRUST FUND Petitions for modification pursuant to Section 440.28 . . .

OAK CONSTRUCTION COMPANY v. JACKSON,, 522 So. 2d 1068 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1988)

. . . were not appealed by claimant and became the law of the case, subject to modification pursuant to § 440.28 . . .

N. PIERCE, v. AETNA INSURANCE COMPANY, a, 519 So. 2d 754 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1988)

. . . See § 440.28, Fla.Stat. (1981). 448 So.2d at 47. Also, in McCormick v. . . .

GATOR SHOE CORPORATION, v. MUNGIA, 510 So. 2d 1192 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987)

. . . here in question absent “proof of a change in condition or a material mistake of fact” under section 440.28 . . .

AGRICO CHEMICAL COMPANY v. G. TUCKER,, 511 So. 2d 672 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987)

. . . I would also observe that Section 440.28, Florida Statutes, relating to modification of compensation . . . Clearly, then, section 440.28, in allowing a modified award to be made effective from the date of injury . . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1977), provides that an award of increased benefits as a result of . . .

CITY OF MIAMI, v. KNIGHT,, 510 So. 2d 1069 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987)

. . . and, on 16 September 1985, the City filed the instant petition for modification pursuant to Section 440.28 . . . been modified by the deputy commissioner pursuant to application for modification pursuant to Section 440.28 . . .

OAKDELL, INC. v. GALLARDO,, 505 So. 2d 672 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987)

. . . the compensation order after the e/c had filed a motion to set aside the order pursuant to Section 440.28 . . . Section 440.28 provides the dc with the power to modify an order based on change in condition, or because . . . While modification under section 440.28 does not affect compensation previously paid, we find that it . . . Section 440.28 by its terms does not limit one seeking to modify a compensation order to a shorter period . . .

MAGGARD, v. MONTVERDE ACADEMY Co., 505 So. 2d 604 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987)

. . . upon joint petition of all interested parties shall not be subject to modification or review under § 440.28 . . .

TARVER, v. EASTERN AIRLINES,, 502 So. 2d 48 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987)

. . . bills as outstanding, the petition did not toll the two-year statute of limitations required by Section 440.28 . . . — conditions which clearly meet the requirement for tolling the two-year period provided in Section 440.28 . . . Section 440.28, Fla.Stat. (1985), provides in pertinent part that "upon the application of any party . . .

NORTHWEST ORIENT AIRLINES v. GONZALEZ,, 500 So. 2d 699 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987)

. . . claimed and the factual findings on which they rest may be regarded as a proper award under section 440.28 . . .

PROCTOR, v. SWING SET DAY CARE CENTER SEIBELS,, 498 So. 2d 616 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . denying rehabilitation, on the ground that his claim was barred by the statute of limitations in section 440.28 . . . 440.19(2)(a), Florida Statutes, rather than a petition for modification of a prior order under section 440.28 . . . As such, the claim was not barred by the two year statute of limitations under section 440.28. . . .

CITY OF CLEARWATER, v. J. HOLZHAUER,, 497 So. 2d 694 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . filing a new claim and should have proceeded by way of a petition for modification pursuant to Section 440.28 . . . such care cannot toll the statute of limitations contained in either Section 440.19(l)(b) or Section 440.28 . . . We do not feel it is necessary to make a direct determination of the relevancy of Sections 440.28 and . . . : In the present case I would affirm the award of medical treatment simply because, even assuming § 440.28 . . .

ALLEN, v. CITY OF ST. AUGUSTINE, 500 So. 2d 206 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . upon claimant’s petition, through his attorney, to modify the order of 7-22-80 pursuant to section 440.28 . . .

WESTWINDS TRANSPORTATION, INC. v. MURPHY,, 494 So. 2d 519 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1985), provides that “upon the application of any party in interest . . . The change of condition provision of Section 440.28 is designed to afford relief to a claimant whose . . .

PALM BEACH COUNTY BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS, v. ROBERSON,, 500 So. 2d 180 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . Palm Beach opposed the claim contending that the statute of limitations, section 440.28, Florida Statutes . . . starting point in determining the effective moment of the two year limitation prescribed in section 440.28 . . . not look beyond the plain meaning of that language” and “given the unambiguous language of [section 440.28 . . . there were ambiguity or other uncertainty arising from the interaction of sections 440.15(2)(b) and 440.28 . . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1975), provides, in pertinent part, as follows: Upon a judge’s own . . .

SPECIAL DISABILITY TRUST FUND, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT SECURITY, v. ROBBINS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 484 So. 2d 54 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . addressed the issue of when payment began for purposes of the two-year statute of limitations under Section 440.28 . . .

SHIPP, v. STATE WORKERS COMPENSATION TRUST FUND,, 481 So. 2d 76 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . and that any Order entered hereon shall not be subject to a Petition for Modification under Section 440.28 . . . liability in exchange for lump-sum payment and that no modification should be allowed under section 440.28 . . .

E. M. SCOTT CONTRACTORS v. Ed BAKER,, 479 So. 2d 292 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes. . . .

GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY v. SPANN,, 479 So. 2d 289 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . award of benefits contending that such benefits were barred by the limitations provision of Section 440.28 . . . The deputy refused to invoke the limitation provisions of Section 440.28. . . . 440.19(1)(b) and 440.28 (1983), respectively). . . . There is no provision in Section 440.28 which would revive the claim after the statute had run. . . . Therefore, the two-year limitation period under Section 440.28 is not applicable. . . . the award can in my opinion be affirmed under the circumstances without deciding the relevance of § 440.28 . . . construed as holding that the right to treatment did not depend on showing any change of condition, under § 440.28 . . . In the present case I would affirm the award of medical treatment simply because, even assuming § '440.28 . . .

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA v. McLARTHY,, 483 So. 2d 723 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . The e/c defended on the basis that the claim was not timely filed pursuant to Section 440.28, Florida . . . Thomas, 429 So.2d 1356 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983) (Sections 440.19(l)(a) and 440.28 are designed to be used . . . The appropriate way to proceed for modification of the original order is by section 440.28. . . . The provisions of section 440.28 therefore exclusively apply. . . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1975), provides in part: Upon a judge's own initiative or upon the . . .

BATTLE, v. GENERAL SAND AND STONE, 478 So. 2d 396 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1975), allows a modification based upon “a mistake in the determination . . .

TUCKER, v. AGRICO CHEMICAL COMPANY Co., 476 So. 2d 729 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . an apparent misapplication of the standards governing determination of change of condition under § 440.28 . . .

BOSTON, v. BUDGET LUXURY INNS,, 474 So. 2d 355 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . view, the claimant’s subsequent claim for treatment, absent grounds for modification under Section 440.28 . . . Thereafter, in June 1979, pursuant to section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1977), claimant sought a modification . . . Except to the extent modification is permitted by section 440.28, Florida Statutes, compensation orders . . . Martinez was not, and need not be, perfected by way of modification under section 440.28, since her legal . . .

H. DANIEL, v. HOLMES LUMBER COMPANY,, 471 So. 2d 60 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . His claim for modification proceeds under a completely different statute, Section 440.28, Florida Statutes . . .

FORD, v. ALEXANDER CABINET COMPANY, 467 So. 2d 1050 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . He contends the deputy erred in finding the claim barred by Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1979). . . . , Florida Statutes (Supp.1978), now Section 440.19(l)(b), Florida Statutes (1983), or under Section 440.28 . . . In part, Section 440.28 provides: [T]he deputy commissioner may, at any time prior to 2 years after the . . . We reject this argument because Section 440.28 has been construed to encompass modification of orders . . . We do, however, think the language of Section 440.28 lacks preciseness because medical benefits are not . . .

KURTZ PLUMBING HEATING, INC. v. LYONS,, 465 So. 2d 635 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . Subsequently, Lyons petitioned for modification, pursuant to Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1983), . . .

ACREE OIL COMPANY v. PETERSON,, 467 So. 2d 346 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . to 25 percent based on loss of wage earning capacity- The change of condition provision in Section 440.28 . . .

SHOP GO, INC. v. DUNIGAN,, 463 So. 2d 585 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1985)

. . . for further medical treatment does not prejudice Dunigan’s rights to modification pursuant to section 440.28 . . .

McKENNEY, v. SCHOOL BOARD OF PALM BEACH COUNTY, 456 So. 2d 524 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1984)

. . . Absent from section 440.28, Florida Statutes, is any language which limits the number of times that a . . . total disability benefits on December 30, 1981, well within the two year period mandated by section 440.28 . . . Commission noting that there is no provision under the workmen’s compensation law other than section 440.28 . . . appeal, was payment of compensation pursuant to any compensation order within the meaning of section 440.28 . . .

SMITH, v. SUNLAND TRAINING CENTER, 455 So. 2d 1088 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1984)

. . . provided and subject, of course, to any right to modification which may in the future exist under section 440.28 . . .

ROBINSON, v. JDM COUNTRY CLUB, 455 So. 2d 1077 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1984)

. . . denied the claim on the grounds that claimant failed to petition for modification as provided by Section 440.28 . . . commissioner erred in denying the claim on the basis of claimant’s failure to phrase his claim as a Section 440.28 . . . Section 440.28, Florida Statutes (1979) provides: 440.28 Modification of orders. . . .