The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XXXII
REGULATION OF PROFESSIONS AND OCCUPATIONS

Chapter 454
ATTORNEYS AT LAW

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CHAPTER 454

TITLE XXXII

REGULATION OF PROFESSIONS AND OCCUPATIONS

CHAPTER 454

ATTORNEYS AT LAW

454.021 Attorneys; admission to practice law; Supreme Court to govern and regulate.

454.026 Authority of Department of Law Enforcement to accept fingerprints of, and exchange criminal history records with respect to, bar applicants.

454.11 Powers of attorneys.

454.17 Attorneys may administer oaths in open court.

454.18 Officers not allowed to practice.

454.19 Certain partnerships prohibited.

454.20 Attorneys not to be sureties.

454.23 Penalties.

454.31 Practice while disbarred or suspended prohibited.

454.32 Aiding or assisting disbarred or suspended attorney prohibited.

454.021 Attorneys; admission to practice law; Supreme Court to govern and regulate.—

(1) Admissions of attorneys and counselors to practice law in the state is hereby declared to be a judicial function.

(2) The Supreme Court of Florida, being the highest court of said state, is the proper court to govern and regulate admissions of attorneys and counselors to practice law in said state.

¹(3) Upon certification by the Florida Board of Bar Examiners that an applicant who is an unauthorized immigrant who was brought to the United States as a minor; has been present in the United States for more than 10 years; has received documented employment authorization from the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS); has been issued a social security number; if a male, has registered with the Selective Service System if required to do so under the Military Selective Service Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 453; and has fulfilled all requirements for admission to practice law in this state, the Supreme Court of Florida may admit that applicant as an attorney at law authorized to practice in this state and may direct an order be entered upon the court’s records to that effect.

History.—ss. 1, 2, 7, ch. 29796, 1955; s. 10, ch. 61-530; s. 3, ch. 2014-35; s. 8, ch. 2023-40.

¹Note.—

A. Section 8, ch. 2023-40, deleted subsection (3), effective November 1, 2028.

B. Section 9, ch. 2023-40, provides that “[t]he repeal of s. 454.021(3), Florida Statutes, by this act does not affect the validity of any license to practice law issued pursuant to that subsection before November 1, 2028.”

454.026 Authority of Department of Law Enforcement to accept fingerprints of, and exchange criminal history records with respect to, bar applicants.—The Department of Law Enforcement is authorized to accept fingerprints of applicants for admission to The Florida Bar and, to the extent provided for by federal law, to exchange state, multistate, and federal criminal history records with the Florida Board of Bar Examiners for licensing purposes.

History.—s. 1, ch. 83-199.

454.11 Powers of attorneys.—Every attorney duly admitted or authorized to practice in this state shall have the right to appear before any court of the state, or any public board, committee, or officer in the interest of any client, and may appear as amicus curiae when so permitted. All attorneys shall be deemed officers of the court for the administration of justice, and amenable to the rules and discipline of the court in all matters of order or procedure not in conflict with the constitution or laws of this state.

History.—s. 11, ch. 10175, 1925; CGL 4189; s. 7, ch. 22858, 1945.

454.17 Attorneys may administer oaths in open court.—Attorneys authorized to practice law in this state may administer oaths in open court, in the presence of the presiding judge or justice thereof, and any person swearing falsely under an oath so administered shall be liable to the penalty prescribed for perjury.

History.—s. 17, ch. 10175, 1925; CGL 4195.

454.18 Officers not allowed to practice.—No sheriff or clerk of any court, or full-time deputy thereof, shall practice in this state, nor shall any person not of good moral character, or who has been convicted of an infamous crime be entitled to practice. A person may not be denied the right to practice on account of sex, race, or color. And any person, whether an attorney or not, or whether within the exceptions mentioned above or not, may conduct his or her own cause in any court of this state, or before any public board, committee, or officer, subject to the lawful rules and discipline of such court, board, committee, or officer. The provisions of this section restricting the practice of law by a sheriff or clerk, or full-time deputy thereof, do not apply in a case where such person is representing the office or agency in the course of his or her duties as an attorney.

History.—s. 18, ch. 10175, 1925; CGL 4196; s. 54, ch. 91-137; s. 182, ch. 97-103; s. 1, ch. 2007-166.

454.19 Certain partnerships prohibited.—No judge of a court of this state who is permitted by the constitution and laws to practice law shall form any partnership with the prosecuting attorney of such court or become a partner in any firm in which he or she is a partner. No attorney who may be a law partner with any judge of any court who is permitted by law to practice law shall be allowed to practice before the court of which his or her partner is judge.

History.—s. 19, ch. 10175, 1925; CGL 4197; s. 1, ch. 77-119; s. 183, ch. 97-103.

454.20 Attorneys not to be sureties.—No attorney shall become surety on the official bond of any state, county, or municipal officer of this state, nor surety on any bond of a client in judicial proceedings.

History.—s. 20, ch. 10175, 1925; CGL 4198.

454.23 Penalties.—Any person not licensed or otherwise authorized to practice law in this state who practices law in this state or holds himself or herself out to the public as qualified to practice law in this state, or who willfully pretends to be, or willfully takes or uses any name, title, addition, or description implying that he or she is qualified, or recognized by law as qualified, to practice law in this state, commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

History.—s. 21, ch. 10175, 1925; CGL 8133; s. 384, ch. 71-136; s. 1, ch. 74-128; s. 184, ch. 97-103; s. 1, ch. 2004-287.

454.31 Practice while disbarred or suspended prohibited.—Any person who has been knowingly disbarred and who has not been lawfully reinstated or is knowingly under suspension from the practice of law by any circuit court of the state or by the Supreme Court of the state who practices law in this state or holds himself or herself out as an attorney at law or qualified to practice law in this state commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

History.—s. 1, ch. 18006, 1937; CGL 1940 Supp. 8133(2); s. 385, ch. 71-136; s. 185, ch. 97-103; s. 2, ch. 2004-287.

454.32 Aiding or assisting disbarred or suspended attorney prohibited.—A person who knowingly aids or assists any person in carrying on the unauthorized practice of law, knowing that such person has been disbarred and has not been lawfully reinstated or is under suspension from the practice of law by any circuit court of the state or by the Supreme Court of the state, commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084, and shall also be subject to disbarment.

History.—s. 2, ch. 18006, 1937; CGL 1940 Supp. 8133(3); s. 386, ch. 71-136; s. 3, ch. 2004-287.

F.S. 454 on Google Scholar

F.S. 454 on Casetext

Amendments to 454

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 454

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

S454.23 - FRAUD-IMPERSON - MISREPRESENT SELF AS QUALIFIED TO PRACTICE LAW - F: T

S454.31 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - PRACTICE LAW WHILE DISBARRED SUSPENDED - F: T

S454.32 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - AID ASSIST DISBARRED OR SUSPENDED ATTORNEY - F: T

S468.454 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - REPEALED CH 2002-24 - F: T

S562.454 - LIQUOR - VENDOR FAIL TO CLOSE DURING RIOT - M: F

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

MCGIRT, v. OKLAHOMA, 140 S. Ct. 2452 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Cully , 52 Okla. 454, 463-469, 153 P. 154, 157-158 (1915) (per curiam ) (marital dispute). . . . Cully , 52 Okla. 454, 455-465, 153 P. 154, 155-157 (1915) (per curiam )). . . .

LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR SAINTS PETER AND PAUL HOME, v. PENNSYLVANIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 2367 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Nos. 19-431 19-454 Supreme Court of the United States. . . . Foundation , 454 U.S. 151, 168, 102 S.Ct. 205, 70 L.Ed.2d 309 (1981). . . . Government concedes that it lacks a compelling interest in providing such access, Reply Brief in No. 19-454 . . . Brief for Petitioners in No. 19-454, p. 4. . . . Brief for Petitioners in No. 19-454, at 27; see also 83 Fed. . . . This opinion uses "Brief for HHS et al." to refer to the Brief for Petitioners in No. 19-454, filed on . . .

P. BARR, v. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF POLITICAL CONSULTANTS, INC., 140 S. Ct. 2335 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Vincent , 454 U.S. 263, 265, 276-277, 102 S.Ct. 269, 70 L.Ed.2d 440 (1981) ; Carey v. . . .

ESPINOZA, v. MONTANA DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE,, 140 S. Ct. 2246 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Vincent , 454 U.S. 263, 276, 102 S.Ct. 269, 70 L.Ed.2d 440 (1981) ). . . . Vincent , 454 U.S. 263, 271, 102 S.Ct. 269, 70 L.Ed.2d 440 (1981). . . . Hamburger, Separation of Church and State 391-454 (2002). . . .

JUNE MEDICAL SERVICES L. L. C. v. RUSSO, v. LLC., 140 S. Ct. 2103 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Id., at 454. . . . Id ., at 454. . . .

C. LIU, v. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, 140 S. Ct. 1936 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Clark , 915 F.2d 439, 454 (CA9 1990) ("It is well settled that a tipper can be required to disgorge his . . . Clark , 915 F.2d 439, 441, 454 (CA9 1990) (requiring defendant to disgorge the profits that his stockbroker . . . Bray, Fiduciary Remedies, at 454. . . .

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, v. REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 1891 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Chenery Corp. , 318 U.S. 80, 94, 63 S.Ct. 454, 87 L.Ed. 626 (1943), forcing both litigants and courts . . .

J. THOLE, v. U. S. BANK N. A, 140 S. Ct. 1615 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Inc. , 454 U.S. 464, 489, 102 S.Ct. 752, 70 L.Ed . . .

FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, v. AURELIUS INVESTMENT, LLC, LLC, III v. LLC, v. LLC, n De De La El Y v., 140 S. Ct. 1649 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Rev. 443, 454 (2018) (Mascott)). . . . Minnesota); Act of Sept. 9, 1850, § 5, 9 Stat. 448 (New Mexico); Act of Sept. 9, 1850, § 4, 9 Stat. 454 . . .

MAINE COMMUNITY HEALTH OPTIONS, v. UNITED STATES v. v. v., 140 S. Ct. 1308 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Railway Express Agency, Inc. , 421 U.S. 454, 459, 95 S.Ct. 1716, 44 L.Ed.2d 295 (1975). . . .

RAMOS, v. LOUISIANA, 140 S. Ct. 1390 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Belton , 453 U.S. 454, 101 S.Ct. 2860, 69 L.Ed.2d 768 (1981), holding limited by Arizona v. . . . Rev. 407, 454 (2013). . . . Belton , 453 U.S. 454, 101 S.Ct. 2860, 69 L.Ed.2d 768 (1981), that allowed a police officer to search . . .

J. TRUMP, v. PENNSYLVANIA,, 140 S. Ct. 2665 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 19-454. Supreme Court of the United States. . . .

BABB, v. WILKIE,, 140 S. Ct. 1168 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Clark , 454 U.S. 555, 557, 102 S.Ct. 805, 70 L.Ed.2d 768 (1982). . . .

COMCAST CORPORATION, v. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF AFRICAN AMERICAN- OWNED MEDIA,, 140 S. Ct. 1009 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Railway Express Agency, Inc. , 421 U.S. 454, 459, 95 S.Ct. 1716, 44 L.Ed.2d 295 (1975) ; see also Jett . . .

K. KAHLER, v. KANSAS, 140 S. Ct. 1021 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Cas. 454 (No. 14,811) (CCDDC 1818) (whether defendant was "in such a state of mental insanity ... as . . .

J. TRUMP, v. PENNSYLVANIA,, 140 S. Ct. 2505 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 19-454. Supreme Court of the United States. . . .

LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR SAINTS PETER v. PENNSYLVANIA,, 140 S. Ct. 1292 (U.S. 2020)

. . . March 9, 2020 Motion of petitioner in No. 19-454 to dispense with printing the joint appendix granted . . .

J. TRUMP, v. PENNSYLVANIA,, 140 S. Ct. 1292 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 19-454 Supreme Court of the United States. . . . March 9, 2020 Motion of petitioner in No. 19-454 to dispense with printing the joint appendix granted . . .

J. TRUMP, v. PENNSYLVANIA,, 140 S. Ct. 918 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 19-454. Supreme Court of the United States. Jan. 17, 2020. . . .

C. ROTKISKE, v. KLEMM,, 140 S. Ct. 355 (U.S. 2019)

. . . Railway Express Agency, Inc. , 421 U.S. 454, 463-464, 95 S.Ct. 1716, 44 L.Ed.2d 295 (1975). . . .

UNITED STATES v. LILLARD,, 935 F.3d 827 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Palestinian Auth ., 566 U.S. 449, 454, 132 S.Ct. 1702, 182 L.Ed.2d 720 (2012) ("[W]ords that can have . . .

F. SHARPE, v. UNITED STATES,, 935 F.3d 1352 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Cl. 454 (1995), rev'd on other grounds , 124 F.3d 1462 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ; Ulmet v. . . .

BIRD, v. i DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SERVICES DHS, R., 935 F.3d 738 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Thompson , 490 U.S. 454, 460, 109 S.Ct. 1904, 104 L.Ed.2d 506 (1989). . . .

JANVRIN, J J v. CONTINENTAL RESOURCES, INC., 934 F.3d 845 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Hy-Vee Food Stores, 720 N.W.2d 443, 454 (S.D. 2006) ; see also Cedar v. . . .

STONE, v. TROY CONSTRUCTION, LLC, 935 F.3d 141 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Supp. 2d 451, 454 (D.N.J. 2011) ("With respect to form, courts have shown considerable flexibility as . . . Supp. 2d at 454 ("In some cases, plaintiffs have been deemed to have manifested consent, although they . . .

BURKE, v. REGALADO, v., 935 F.3d 960 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bay County , 854 F.2d 454, 456-57 (11th Cir. 1988). . . .

BOWLES, v. DESANTIS,, 934 F.3d 1230 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Rivera, 454 U.S. 339, 344-45, 102 S.Ct. 460, 70 L.Ed.2d 530 (1981) ("Federal judges have no general supervisory . . .

MEJIA- RAMOS, v. P. BARR,, 934 F.3d 789 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Gonzales, 454 F.3d 825, 827 (8th Cir. 2006) (quoting 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(42)(A) ). . . .

HAWKINS v. I- TV DIGITALIS TAVKOZLESI ZRT. f k a DMCC Rt. DIGI RCS RDS S. A. RCS S. A. DIGI N. V. v. i- TV f k a DMCC Rt. DIGI RCS RDS S. A. RCS S. A. DIGI N. V., 935 F.3d 211 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Grp., Inc. , 918 F.2d 438, 454-55 (4th Cir. 1990). But it does not work here. . . .

UNITED STATES v. CLARK,, 935 F.3d 558 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . omitted from the affidavit important and damaging credibility information about one informant. 831 F.3d 454 . . . Musgraves , 831 F.3d 454, 460 (7th Cir. 2016). . . .

UNITED STATES v. MARCHAN,, 935 F.3d 540 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Haldar , 751 F.3d 450, 454 fn.1 (7th Cir. 2014), here the district court carefully limited any controversial . . .

ANIMAL LEGAL DEFENSE FUND, v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 933 F.3d 1088 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . dictionaries, the Court wrote, "As a noun, 'individual' ordinarily means '[a] human being, a person.' " Id. at 454 . . . Mohamad , 566 U.S. at 454, 132 S.Ct. 1702. . . .

IN RE MIAMI METALS I, INC., 603 B.R. 727 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Supp. 2d 453, 454 (S.D.N.Y. 1998) (" Rule 56(e) provides that if the non-movant fails to respond to a . . .

BOUCHER, v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE,, 934 F.3d 530 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Chenery Corp. , 318 U.S. 80, 92, 63 S.Ct. 454, 87 L.Ed. 626 (1943) (declining to uphold administrative . . .

AGUA CALIENTE TRIBE OF CUPE O INDIANS OF PALA RESERVATION, v. SWEENEY, 932 F.3d 1207 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . No. 103-454, 108 Stat 4791 (1994). . . . No. 103-454, § 103(3), 108 Stat 4791. . . . No. 103-454, § 103(6), 108 Stat 4791. . . .

CHAVEZ, De E. De De De v. OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION, a, 933 F.3d 186 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Vill. of Old Field , 23 A.D.3d 454, 457, 805 N.Y.S.2d 573, 573 (2d Dep't 2005). . . .

O. CAMPOS, v. COOK COUNTY,, 932 F.3d 972 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . See Palka , 623 F.3d at 454 ("An occupational-liberty claim may arise when, after an adverse employment . . .

UNITED STATES v. LEAL,, 933 F.3d 426 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 454, 134 S.Ct. 1710. . . .

SINKLER, v. A. BERRYHILL,, 932 F.3d 83 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Sec. , 454 F.3d 1273, 1277 (11th Cir. 2006) (same), with McGraw v. . . . Sec. , 454 F.3d at 1276-77 (11th Cir. 2006) ; McGraw v. . . . Sec. , 454 F.3d at 1277 & n.1 ; Pierce v. Barnhart , 440 F.3d at 663-64. . . . Sec. , 454 F.3d at 1277 n.2. . . .

UNITED STATES v. BOSYK,, 933 F.3d 319 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Tate , 524 F.3d 449, 454-55 (4th Cir. 2008) (quoting Franks , 438 U.S. at 155-56, 98 S.Ct. 2674 ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. HERNANDEZ- MIESES,, 931 F.3d 134 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Serrano-Acevedo, 892 F.3d 454, 459-60 (1st Cir. 2018) ; Delgado-Pérez, 867 F.3d at 253-54, or (b) the . . .

AYESTAS, v. DAVIS,, 933 F.3d 384 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Stephens , 762 F.3d 454, 459 (5th Cir. 2014) ; § 3599(f). . . .

FORCE, A. H. H. F. A. L. F. N. E. F, N. S. F. S. R. F. A. H. H. F. A. L. F. N. E. F. N. S. F. S. R. F. A. H. H. F. A. L. F. N. E. F, N. S. F. S. R. F. TZVI S. S. R. M. M. R. R. M. R. S. Z. R. S. S. R. M. M. R. R. M. R. S. Z. R. S. S. R. M. M. R. R. M. R. S. Z. R. v. FACEBOOK, INC., 934 F.3d 53 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Rev. 453, 454-55 (2018) ; Jeff Kosseff, Defending Section 230: The Value of Intermediary Immunity , 15 . . .

TIAN v. P. BARR,, 932 F.3d 664 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mukasey , 508 F.3d 451, 454 (8th Cir. 2007), and it is a rare case where an adverse credibility determination . . .

R. THOMPSON A. v. JP MORGAN CHASE, N. A., 931 F.3d 109 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Dell Inc., 454 Mass. 192, 201, 908 N.E.2d 753 (2009) ; In re M3 Power Razor Sys. . . .

UNITED STATES v. MOODY,, 931 F.3d 366 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Tate , 524 F.3d 449, 454 (4th Cir. 2008). . . . Tate , 524 F.3d at 454-55. . . .

MCCOTTRELL S. v. WHITE, 933 F.3d 651 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Chicago , 472 F.3d 444, 454 (7th Cir. 2006). . . .

YOUNG, v. WINKLER,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 868 (S.D. Ohio 2019)

. . . App'x 454, 468 (6th Cir. 2011) ; Allstate Ins. Co. v. Tricare Mgmt. Activity , 662 F. . . .

COBA v. FORD MOTOR COMPANY, 932 F.3d 114 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Sears Roebuck & Co. , 138 N.J. 2, 647 A.2d 454, 462-65 (1994) ). . . .

C. ESPOSITO, v. SUFFOLK COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 428 (E.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . which the plaintiffs reiterated in other evidence and deposition testimony); McMunn , 191 F.Supp.2d at 454 . . .

IN RE RAYNOR, v. P., 602 B.R. 703 (B.A.P. 8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Corp ., 544 U.S. 280, 283, 287-88, 125 S.Ct. 1517, 161 L.Ed.2d 454 (2005) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. MUSCHETTE, 392 F. Supp. 3d 282 (E.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . GX 255; see Trial Tr. 340, 890, 895, 925; see also GX 454 (matching users with telephone numbers). . . . See GX 256; GX 454. . . .

STATE BY AND THROUGH TENNESSEE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE,, 931 F.3d 499 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dep't of Treasury , 868 F.3d 438, 454-55 (6th Cir. 2017). . . .

KOALA, v. KHOSLA,, 931 F.3d 887 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Vincent , 454 U.S. 263, 277, 102 S.Ct. 269, 70 L.Ed.2d 440 (1981) (concluding that a university created . . .

DOE, v. TRUMP CORPORATION,, 385 F. Supp. 3d 265 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . See Anza , 547 U.S. at 454, 126 S.Ct. 1991. . . .

MATSON, v. SANDERSON FARMS, INC., 388 F. Supp. 3d 853 (S.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . La., Dep't of Justice, Office of the Attorney Gen. , 730 F.3d 450, 454 (5th Cir. 2013) (ADA retaliation . . .

KERR, V. M. E. K. W. B. C. Ph. D. A. L. M. D. L. Re- E. a k a J. L. a k a L. P. W. Re- K. C. Re- J. Re- IJ G. v. POLIS,, 930 F.3d 1190 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Found. , 454 U.S. 151, 160, 102 S.Ct. 205, 70 L.Ed.2d 309 (1981) ; Village of Arlington Heights v. . . .

WEEKS, a. k. a. v. UNITED STATES, 930 F.3d 1263 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . App'x 447, 454 (11th Cir. 2011). 1. . . . App'x at 454-56. . . .

ACE AMERICAN INSURANCE COMPANY, a v. WATTLES COMPANY, a, 930 F.3d 1240 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Reyno, 454 U.S. 235, 252 n.18, 102 S. . . .

UNITED STATES v. GUTIERREZ- RAMIREZ,, 930 F.3d 963 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Cook , 454 F.3d 938, 941 (8th Cir. 2006) ). . . .

RAYNA P. v. CAMPUS COMMUNITY SCHOOL, M. P. v., 390 F. Supp. 3d 556 (D. Del. 2019)

. . . Supp. 3d 454, 509 (M.D. . . .

UNITED STATES v. CORTEZ, a k a S. T. J. D J. M. F. Jr. P. A. W. H. D. A., 930 F.3d 350 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . rules that do not delineate what cases ... courts are competent to adjudicate," Kontrick , 540 U.S. at 454 . . .

CAUSE OF ACTION INSTITUTE, v. INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 84 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Agency , 849 F.3d 453, 454 n.1 (D.C. . . .

GIBSON, Ca v. SCE GROUP, INC. d b a d b a s,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 228 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Dist. , 812 F.Supp.2d 454, 467 (S.D.N.Y. 2011) (citing SCR Joint Venture L.P. v. . . .

COTTO L PEZ, v. UNI N DE TRABAJADORES DE LA INDUSTRIA EL CTRICA Y RIEGO, X, Y, Z A, B, C, 392 F. Supp. 3d 263 (D. P.R. 2019)

. . . Corp., 544 U.S. 280, 284, 125 S.Ct. 1517, 161 L.Ed.2d 454 (2005) (emphasis added). . . .

NAVAJO NATION, a a k a v. SAN JUAN COUNTY, a, 929 F.3d 1270 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Watt , 454 F.3d 1154, 1156-57 (10th Cir. 2006). . . .

M. RETFALVI, v. UNITED STATES, 930 F.3d 600 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Norton , 91 U.S. 566, 568, 23 L.Ed. 454 (1875), the Supreme Court cited "the proceeds of the public lands . . .

SCOTTSDALE CAPITAL ADVISORS CORPORATION, v. FINANCIAL INDUSTRY REGULATORY AUTHORITY,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 72 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . United for Separation of Church & State, Inc., 454 U.S. 464, 477, 102 S.Ct. 752, 70 L.Ed.2d 700 (1982 . . .

CARELLO, v. AURORA POLICEMEN CREDIT UNION,, 930 F.3d 830 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . United for Separation of Church and State, Inc. , 454 U.S. 464, 471, 102 S.Ct. 752, 70 L.Ed.2d 700 (1982 . . .

UNITED STATES EX REL. MEI LING, v. CITY OF LOS ANGELES,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 744 (C.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . See FACI ¶¶ 451, 454. . . .

INC. v. INTERNATIONAL GAME TECHNOLOGY, IGT, DOUBLEDOWN INTERACTIVE LLC,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 828 (N.D. Ill. 2019)

. . . s Resp. in Opp'n to Rule 50 Mot., dkt. no. 454-6, at 9-21. . . .

UNITED STATES v. RANKIN,, 929 F.3d 399 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . App'x 454, 466-67 (6th Cir. 2018) (concluding that Nelson did not impact the sentencing court's ability . . .

UNITED STATES v. STRUBBERG,, 929 F.3d 969 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . McGill , 754 F.3d 452, 454 (7th Cir. 2014). . . .

PIER CRUISE EXPERTS, a v. REVELEX CORPORATION, a, 929 F.3d 1334 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Reichhold, Inc. , 454 F.3d 1203, 1217 (11th Cir. 2006) ; see also Twyman , 166 So. at 218. . . .

UNITED STATES v. GARTH,, 929 F.3d 967 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Davis, 454 U.S. 370, 102 S.Ct. 703, 70 L.Ed.2d 556 (1982), and the life without parole sentence in Harmelin . . .

UNITED STATES v. WHYTE, a. k. a., 928 F.3d 1317 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Pringler , 765 F.3d 445, 454-56 (5th Cir. 2014). . . .

IN RE J. TRUMP, D. H., 928 F.3d 360 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . United for Separation of Church & State, Inc. , 454 U.S. 464, 489, 102 S.Ct. 752, 70 L.Ed.2d 700 (1982 . . . See Valley Forge Christian Coll. , 454 U.S. at 482-87, 102 S.Ct. 752 ; see also Schlesinger , 418 U.S . . .

ROXX ALLISON LTD. v. JEWELERS INC., 385 F. Supp. 3d 377 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Nat'l Gold & Diamond Ctr., 125 A.D.3d 454, 457-58, 3 N.Y.S.3d 27 (1st Dep't 2015) (approving exercise . . .

UNITED STATES v. BULUC,, 930 F.3d 383 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Agents of Am. , Inc ., 508 U.S. 439, 454, 113 S.Ct. 2173, 124 L.Ed.2d 402 (1993) (observing that "the . . .

BRUCKER, v. CITY OF DORAVILLE, a, 391 F. Supp. 3d 1207 (N.D. Ga. 2019)

. . . Supp. 442, 454 (N.D. . . .

CITY OF HEARNE, TEXAS, v. JOHNSON, v. F. Jr., 929 F.3d 298 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Americans United for Separation of Church & State, Inc. , 454 U.S. 464, 484, 102 S.Ct. 752, 70 L.Ed.2d . . .

GURUNG, v. P. BARR,, 929 F.3d 56 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Chenery Corp ., 318 U.S. 80, 63 S.Ct. 454, 87 L.Ed. 626 (1943). . . . Id . at 88, 63 S.Ct. 454. . . . Id. at 94, 63 S.Ct. 454. The agency must reconsider the matter free from the error it made. . . . See 318 U.S. at 94, 63 S.Ct. 454 (concluding that an administrative ruling "may not stand if the agency . . .

COBA v. FORD MOTOR COMPANY, 930 F.3d 174 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Sears Roebuck & Co. , 138 N.J. 2, 647 A.2d 454, 462-65 (1994) ). . . .

FIREMEN S INSURANCE COMPANY OF WASHINGTON, D. C. v. ACE AMERICAN INSURANCE COMPANY, J. MP F. ACE v. s D. C., 390 F. Supp. 3d 267 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Reyno, 454 U.S. 235, 241 n.6, 102 S.Ct. 252, 70 L.Ed.2d 419 (1981) ). . . .

L. MILLER, MRFS v. SBA TOWERS V, LLC, PCS, LLC,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 123 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Dodson, 454 U.S. 312, 317-18, 102 S.Ct. 445, 70 L.Ed.2d 509 (1981) (quotation omitted). II. . . .

IN RE SPIECH FARMS, LLC,, 603 B.R. 395 (Bankr. W.D. Mich. 2019)

. . . (See, e.g. , Compl. at ¶¶ 453, 454, 458, 459, 461, 463, 464, 465, 467, 468; see also Resp. at ¶ 11; Sur-Reply . . .

DOE, v. K. MCALEENAN,, 929 F.3d 478 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Chenery Corp. , 318 U.S. 80, 87, 63 S.Ct. 454, 87 L.Ed. 626 (1943). . . .

JOHNSON, v. A. LEONARD, M. DDS,, 929 F.3d 569 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Colburn , 371 F.3d 454, 457 (8th Cir. 2004). . . .

R. OBERDORF A. v. AMAZON. COM INC. a, 930 F.3d 136 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Asbestos Corp. , 97 Ill.2d 195, 73 Ill.Dec. 350, 454 N.E.2d 210, 216 (1983), and Bittler v. . . . Architectural Studio , 581 Pa. 454, 866 A.2d 270, 285 (2005) (adopting the Second Restatement of Torts . . .

PAJAK, v. ROHM HAAS COMPANY, LLC, Co., 387 F. Supp. 3d 138 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Melkonian, 68 Mass.App.Ct. 461, 862 N.E.2d 450, 454-55 (2007) ("The filing of a claim and acceptance . . .

STERNGOLD DENTAL, LLC, v. HDI GLOBAL INSURANCE COMPANY,, 929 F.3d 1 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Co., 430 Mass. 454, 720 N.E.2d 813, 817 (1999) ). . . . Co., 454 Mass. 337, 910 N.E.2d 290, 304-05 (2009) (quoting Allmerica Fin. Corp. v. . . .

ATAIN SPECIALTY INSURANCE CO. v. BOSTON RICKSHAW LLC,, 387 F. Supp. 3d 157 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Co. , 430 Mass. 454, 459, 720 N.E.2d 813 (1999). . . .

BAKER v. EQUITY RESIDENTIAL MANAGEMENT, L. L. C. EQR- LLC,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 246 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Garfield, 454 Mass. 790, 912 N.E.2d 1000, 1005 (2009). . . .

PROBODANU, v. B. SESSIONS, III,, 387 F. Supp. 3d 1031 (C.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Tunnell , 14 F.3d 449, 454 (9th Cir. 1994), overruled in part on other grounds by Galbraith v. . . .

IN RE GRAVEL, In In, 601 B.R. 873 (Bankr. Vt. 2019)

. . . Hoffman, 422 U.S. 454, 477, 95 S.Ct. 2178, 45 L.Ed.2d 319 (1975) ). . . .

IN RE FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, In, 390 F. Supp. 3d 311 (D. P.R. 2019)

. . . Ogden Corp., 202 F.3d 454, 461 (1st Cir. 2000) ). . . .

GREEN, v. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 68 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Corley , 273 F.3d at 451, 454. . . . Id. at 454. . . . Corley , 273 F.3d at 454. . . . Corley , 273 F.3d at 454. . . . Corley , 273 F.3d at 454. . . .

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, v. NEW YORK,, 139 S. Ct. 2551 (U.S. 2019)

. . . Chenery Corp. , 318 U.S. 80, 94, 63 S.Ct. 454, 87 L.Ed. 626 (1943) ("[T]he orderly functioning of the . . . Chenery Corp. , 318 U.S. 80, 87, 63 S.Ct. 454, 87 L.Ed. 626 (1943) ("The grounds upon which an administrative . . .

IN RE GENERIC PHARMACEUTICALS PRICING ANTITRUST LITIGATION LLC, v., 386 F. Supp. 3d 477 (E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . Pa. 2011) (quoting Twombly , 550 U.S. at 556, 127 S.Ct. 1955 ), aff'd 454 F. . . .

L. KISOR, v. WILKIE,, 139 S. Ct. 2400 (U.S. 2019)

. . . DuBose , 454 U.S. 393, 401, 102 S.Ct. 715, 70 L.Ed.2d 576 (1982) (per curiam ); Ford Motor Credit Co. . . .