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Florida Statute 861 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
F.S. 861 Case Law from Google Scholar
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The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XLVI
CRIMES
Chapter 861
OFFENSES RELATED TO PUBLIC ROADS, TRANSPORT, AND WATERS
View Entire Chapter
CHAPTER 861
CHAPTER 861
OFFENSES RELATED TO PUBLIC ROADS, TRANSPORT, AND WATERS
861.01 Obstructing highway.
861.011 Obstructing transportation facility.
861.02 Obstructing watercourse.
861.021 Obstructing channels; misdemeanor.
861.03 Injuries to dams.
861.04 Placing water hyacinths in any of the streams or waters of the state.
861.05 Obstruction to navigation by bridges.
861.06 Obstructing harbors.
861.07 Obstructing roads.
861.08 Obstructing county and settlement roads.
861.09 Certain vehicles prohibited from using hard-surfaced roads.
861.11 Penalty for cutting or destroying shade trees along public roads.
861.12 Penalty for road official or overseer neglecting duty.
861.01 Obstructing highway.Whoever obstructs any public road or established highway by fencing across or into the same or by willfully causing any other obstruction in or to such road or highway, or any part thereof, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083, and the judgment of the court shall also be that the obstruction be removed.
History.s. 68, Feb. 10, 1832; RS 2700; GS 3662; s. 1, ch. 6884, 1915; RGS 5604; CGL 7791; s. 1099, ch. 71-136.
861.011 Obstructing transportation facility.Any person who obstructs any public transportation facility by fencing across or into it or by willfully causing any other obstruction in or to such transportation facility, or any part thereof, is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083, and the judgment of the court shall also be that the obstruction be removed.
History.s. 162, ch. 29965, 1955; s. 242, ch. 71-136; s. 225, ch. 84-309.
Note.Former s. 339.31.
861.02 Obstructing watercourse.Whoever erects or fixes on any navigable watercourse any dam, bridge, hedge, seine, drag, or other obstruction, whereby the navigation of boats drawing 3 feet of water or the passage of fish may be obstructed, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.083.
History.s. 72, Feb. 10, 1832; RS 2701; GS 3665; RGS 5608; CGL 7797; s. 1100, ch. 71-136.
861.021 Obstructing channels; misdemeanor.
(1) It is unlawful for any person to place any spiny lobster, crab, or fish trap or set net or other similar device with a buoy or marker attached so that said buoy or marker obstructs the navigation of boats in channels of the waters of the state which are marked by, and which markers are continuously maintained by, the Coast Guard of the United States.
(2) Any person willfully violating the provision of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.s. 1, ch. 69-64; s. 1101, ch. 71-136; s. 19, ch. 2007-223.
861.03 Injuries to dams.Whoever willfully, maliciously, and unlawfully injures, removes or destroys any dam lawfully placed in or on any stream in this state for the purpose of propelling any kind of machinery, or willfully and maliciously makes any aperture or breach in such dam with intent to destroy or injure the same, shall be guilty of a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
History.s. 1, ch. 4752, 1899; GS 3666; RGS 5609; CGL 7798; s. 1102, ch. 71-136.
861.04 Placing water hyacinths in any of the streams or waters of the state.Whoever willfully places or causes to be placed any water hyacinths in any of the territorial waters of the state whether navigable or nonnavigable shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.s. 1, ch. 4752, 1899; s. 1, ch. 5196, 1903; GS 3667; RGS 5610; CGL 7799; s. 1, ch. 28046, 1953; s. 1103, ch. 71-136.
861.05 Obstruction to navigation by bridges.Any railway company, other corporation, or person which has heretofore constructed, and which shall hereafter construct, any bridge or other causeway across any of the navigable waters of the state, is required to build and maintain a suitable draw or other proper and necessary appliances so as to be able to remove such obstruction or to turn a sufficient section thereof as to allow boats or other watercraft to pass such bridge or other causeway without delay or hindrance, and any such company, corporation, or person failing to comply with such requirements shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.083.
History.ss. 1, 2, ch. 3931, 1889; RS 2702; GS 3668; RGS 5611; CGL 7800; s. 1104, ch. 71-136.
861.06 Obstructing harbors.The master or other person in charge of any steamer, vessel, barge, or lighter, or any other person who violates the provisions of law relative to the protection of harbors, shall be guilty of a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
History.s. 4, ch. 3142, 1879; RS 2703; GS 3669; RGS 5612; CGL 7801; s. 1105, ch. 71-136.
861.07 Obstructing roads.Whenever any tie cutter or log cutter cutting ties for a railroad or logs for milling purposes shall cut or fell any tree into or across any traveled road, whether it be a county road, a road regularly used by the public, or a neighborhood road, and shall fail to remove the same within 2 hours thereafter so as to free the road from all obstruction therefrom, such tie cutter or log cutter shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083; and such person and the person’s employer shall be liable or responsible for any and all damages resulting from so obstructing a traveled road.
History.s. 1, ch. 4780, 1899; GS 3673; RGS 5616; CGL 7805; s. 1106, ch. 71-136; s. 245, ch. 77-104; s. 1395, ch. 97-102.
861.08 Obstructing county and settlement roads.
(1) Whoever shall fell, drag, or by any means place a tree, or other obstruction, in or across any county settlement or neighborhood road regularly used, or whoever causes such obstruction to be placed therein, shall remove the same from such road within 6 hours thereafter.
(2) Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083; provided, that this law shall not apply to pasture fences, gates, nor the improvement of private property.
History.ss. 1, 2, ch. 5238, 1903; GS 3676; s. 1, ch. 6538, 1913; RGS 5619; CGL 7808; s. 1107, ch. 71-136.
861.09 Certain vehicles prohibited from using hard-surfaced roads.
(1) It is unlawful for any person to drive, propel, or operate, or to have driven, propelled or operated, over the hard-surfaced public roads or parts of roads of this state any vehicle or implement having wheels that will carry more than 200 pounds per wheel for every vehicle having tires of 1 inch in width, or 500 pounds per wheel for every vehicle having tires of 2 inches in width, or 800 pounds per wheel for every vehicle having tires of 3 inches in width, or 1200 pounds per wheel for every vehicle having tires of 4 inches in width, or 1500 pounds per wheel for every vehicle having tires 5 inches in width, or that will carry any load greater than 6,000 pounds without first providing 1 inch of tire width per wheel for each additional 2,000 pounds, or fraction thereof, or to permit any vehicle or implement or any load or portion of load thereof to drag upon the surface of any hard-surfaced public road or parts of roads; provided, that nothing in this section shall be construed as prohibiting the use of roughened surfaces on rubber tires or on the wheels of farm implements weighing less than 1,000 pounds.
(2) “Hard-surfaced public roads or parts of roads” as used in this section shall be construed to be brick, concrete, asphaltic, sand clay, sand, or bituminous surfaced roads which are maintained by county or state funds.
(3) Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.ss. 1, 2, 3, ch. 7329, 1917; ss. 1, 2, ch. 7898, 1919; RGS 5617, 5618; CGL 7806, 7807; s. 1108, ch. 71-136.
861.11 Penalty for cutting or destroying shade trees along public roads.
(1) The county commissioners of each county may prescribe that the public roads in their county shall not be less than 30 feet wide, and it shall be unlawful for any person to belt, cut, or destroy any shade trees on any public road or right-of-way without authority from the superintendent of public roads, supervisor, or overseer of the district in which said trees are situated.
(2) Each supervisor or overseer of each district in such counties shall enforce the provisions of this section by reporting the offenders to the nearest county court judge, and each offender shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.ss. 1-3, ch. 5005, 1901; GS 3677; RGS 5620; CGL 7809; s. 1110, ch. 71-136; s. 34, ch. 73-334.
861.12 Penalty for road official or overseer neglecting duty.Any superintendent of public roads, supervisor, or overseer who willfully neglects to perform the duties prescribed in s. 861.11 shall be deemed guilty of, and made a party to, the offense and proceeded against as the original offender by any person.
History.s. 4, ch. 5005, 1901; GS 3678; RGS 5621; CGL 7810.

F.S. 861 on Google Scholar

F.S. 861 on Casetext

Amendments to 861


Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 861
Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

S861.01 - HEALTH-SAFETY - OBSTRUCT HIGHWAY - M: F
S861.011 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - OBSTRUCT TRANSPORTATION FACILITY - M: S
S861.02 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - OBSTRUCT WATER COURSE - M: F
S861.021 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - OBSTRUCT WATER CHANNEL - M: S
S861.03 - DAMAGE PROP - INJURY DAM - F: S
S861.04 - CONSERVATION - PLACE WATER HYACINTH IN STREAM WATER - M: S
S861.05 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - OBSTRUCT NAVIGATION BY BRIDGES - M: F
S861.06 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - OBSTRUCT HARBORS - F: T
S861.065 - HEALTH-SAFETY - RENUMBERED SEE REC # 4476 - M: S
S861.07 - HEALTH-SAFETY - OBSTRUCT WAGON ROADS - M: S
S861.08 - HEALTH-SAFETY - OBSTRUCT COUNTY SETTLEMENT ROAD - M: S
S861.09 - MOVING TRAFFIC VIOL - USE PROHIBITED VEHICLE ON HARD SURFACE ROAD - M: S
S861.11 - CONSERVATION-ENVIRONMENT - CUT DESTROY SHADE TREES ALONG PUBLIC ROAD - M: S
S861.12 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - OFFICIAL FAIL TO REPORT PERSON CUTTING TREE - M: S



Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

MCGIRT, v. OKLAHOMA, 140 S. Ct. 2452 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Creek Allotment Agreement, ch. 676, 31 Stat. 861. . . .

B. CHIAFALO, v. WASHINGTON, 140 S. Ct. 2316 (U.S. 2020)

. . . power to set qualifications." 514 U.S., at 832-833, 115 S.Ct. 1842 (majority opinion); see also id., at 861 . . .

C. LIU, v. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, 140 S. Ct. 1936 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Brown , 658 F.3d 858, 861 (CA8 2011) (declining to deduct even legitimate expenses like payments to innocent . . . Brown , 658 F.3d 858, 860-861 (CA8 2011) (per curiam ) (ordering joint-and-several disgorgement of funds . . .

BOSTOCK, v. CLAYTON COUNTY, GEORGIA v. Jr. Co- R. G. G. R. v., 140 S. Ct. 1731 (U.S. 2020)

. . . J. 799, 861 (1979). . . .

J. THOLE, v. U. S. BANK N. A, 140 S. Ct. 1615 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Bogert & Bogert § 861 ; see also Restatement (Second) of Trusts § 199 (trust beneficiary may "maintain . . . Bogert & Bogert § 861 ; see also Restatement (Second) of Trusts § 205. . . .

FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, v. AURELIUS INVESTMENT, LLC, LLC, III v. LLC, v. LLC, n De De La El Y v., 140 S. Ct. 1649 (U.S. 2020)

. . . It held that the selection of the Board's members violated the Appointments Clause. 915 F.3d 838, 861 . . .

RAMOS, v. LOUISIANA, 140 S. Ct. 1390 (U.S. 2020)

. . . See Casey , 505 U.S. at 861, 112 S.Ct. 2791 ; id., at 870, 873, 112 S.Ct. 2791 (plurality opinion). . . .

DAVIS v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 1060 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Sahakian , 446 Fed.Appx. 861, 863 (CA9 2011) ; United States v. . . .

G. STEPHENS v. UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY, a, 935 F.3d 852 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Celotex Corp ., 861 F.2d 1453, 1461-62 (10th Cir. 1988) ; Blackston v. . . . (quoting Menne , 861 F.2d at 1461 ). . . .

TIMS, v. LGE COMMUNITY CREDIT UNION,, 935 F.3d 1228 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Woodard , 861 F.3d 1224, 1231 (11th Cir. 2017) (internal quotation marks omitted). . . .

U. S. SECURITIES EXCHANGE COMMISSION, v. HUI FENG Of PC,, 935 F.3d 721 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Collyard , 861 F.3d 760, 766 (8th Cir. 2017) ; SEC v. . . . Collyard , 861 F.3d at 766. . . .

RAY, v. COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES, v. As, 935 F.3d 703 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Los Angeles Community College District , 861 F.2d 198 (9th Cir. 1988) for determining whether an entity . . . property in its own name or only the name of the state"; and (5) "the corporate status of the entity." 861 . . . Dep't of Educ. , 861 F.3d 923, 929 (9th Cir. 2017) ; see also Beentjes v. Placer Cty. . . .

IN RE JUAREZ, v., 603 B.R. 610 (B.A.P. 9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Flores (In re Flores) , 735 F.3d 855, 861 (9th Cir. 2013) (citations omitted). Mr. . . .

PANAH, v. CHAPPELL,, 935 F.3d 657 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Woodford, 350 F.3d 861, 881 (9th Cir. 2003) ). . . . Id. at 861, 870. None of that is true here. . . .

HARRIS, v. K. HARRIS,, 935 F.3d 670 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Geraghty , No. 98-CV-861-GEB-JFM (E.D. Cal. . . .

J. GENZER, v. JAMES RIVER INSURANCE COMPANY,, 934 F.3d 1156 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Co. , 912 P.2d 861, 869 (Okla. 1996). . . .

COLE v. CARSON, v., 935 F.3d 444 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Smith , 550 U.S. 915, 127 S.Ct. 2126, 167 L.Ed.2d 861 (2007) (GVR'ing i/l/o Carey v. . . .

BACA v. COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF STATE, G. T. L. M., 935 F.3d 887 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Miller , 283 U.S. 96, 100, 51 S.Ct. 392, 75 L.Ed. 861 (1931) ("The [Fourteenth Amendment] guaranty does . . . Heckler , 797 F.2d 858, 861 (10th Cir. 1986), there is nothing in § 1983 that "speak[s] in jurisdictional . . .

BURKE, v. REGALADO, v., 935 F.3d 960 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . App'x 861, 864-72 (10th Cir. 2013) (unpublished) (reversing grant of summary judgment because county . . .

MWANGI v. P. BARR,, 934 F.3d 818 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mukasey, 536 F.3d 853, 861 (8th Cir. 2008). . . .

R. MEIER v. ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, CITY OF s St. H. St. St. St. St. G. a St. St. P. O. DSN, 934 F.3d 824 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 861. This argument misreads Whitney. . . .

UNITED STATES v. MERRITT,, 934 F.3d 809 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Lucas, 521 F.3d 861, 867 (8th Cir. 2008). . . .

BAUGHMAN, v. HICKMAN K. M., 935 F.3d 302 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Caldwell Cnty. , 826 F.3d 861, 872 (5th Cir. 2016). . . .

UNITED STATES v. GLENN,, 935 F.3d 313 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Cessa , 861 F.3d 121, 128 (5th Cir. 2017) (quoting United States v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. CLARK,, 935 F.3d 558 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mullins , 803 F.3d 858, 861-62 (7th Cir. 2015) ; United States v. . . .

ROMO, v. P. BARR,, 933 F.3d 1191 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . I.N.S. , 335 F.3d 858, 861 (9th Cir. 2003). . . .

UNITED STATES v. C. BROWN, v. N., 934 F.3d 1278 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ct. at 861. . . .

UNITED STATES v. HERNANDEZ- MARTINEZ, v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v., 933 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 861. . . . proceedings are therefore not ordinarily constrained by general sentencing policies, see 862 F.3d at 861 . . .

J. MALOUF, v. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION,, 933 F.3d 1248 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . SEC , 861 F.3d 1239, 1255 (11th Cir. 2017) (upholding a bar on continued work in an industry when the . . .

IN RE M. STERLING,, 933 F.3d 828 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . . ; see also In re Chlad , 922 F.3d 856, 861 (7th Cir. 2019). . . . See In re Chlad , 922 F.3d at 861 (noting that because the bankruptcy court has a "ringside view" of . . . See In re Chlad , 922 F.3d at 861. . . .

KELSAY, v. ERNST,, 933 F.3d 975 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Koehler , 616 F.3d 855, 861 (8th Cir. 2010). . . .

DINAPLES, v. MRS BPO, LLC MRS BPO, LLC,, 934 F.3d 275 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . NRA Grp., LLC, 861 F.3d 382, 394 (3d Cir. 2017) (quoting Jerman, 559 U.S. at 587, 130 S.Ct. 1605 ). . . . See Daubert, 861 F.3d at 394. The bona fide error defense is therefore inapplicable here. IV. . . .

IN RE FIFTH AVENUE AND RELATED PROPERTIES, 934 F.3d 147 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Eng , 971 F.2d 854, 861 (2d Cir. 1992) ). . . .

T. SCHMITT v. LAROSE,, 933 F.3d 628 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Supp. 3d 849, 861 (S.D. . . .

IN RE GOOGLE INC. COOKIE PLACEMENT CONSUMER PRIVACY LITIGATION H., 934 F.3d 316 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Honeywell Int'l, Inc. , 861 F.3d 481, 488 (3d Cir. 2017). . . .

KODIAK OIL GAS USA INC. HRC LLC v. BURR S. EOG S., 932 F.3d 1125 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . See, e.g. , In re Brewer , 863 F.3d 861, 868 (D.C. . . .

UNITED STATES v. J. JOHNSON,, 933 F.3d 540 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . In Evans , 699 F.3d at 861, this court considered whether an Ohio conviction for assaulting a police . . .

UNITED STATES v. BONNELL,, 932 F.3d 1080 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Thorne , 896 F.3d 861, 864 (8th Cir. 2018), reviewing "the district court's decision to impose consecutive . . .

JET MIDWEST INTERNATIONAL CO. LTD, v. JET MIDWEST GROUP, LLC, F. F. M., 932 F.3d 1102 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Supp. 3d 852, 861 (N.D. . . .

ASSOCIATION OF EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS AGCO CNH LLC v. BURGUM, s, 932 F.3d 727 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Inst., 300 F.3d at 861 (concluding that there was no significant and legitimate public purpose in South . . . Id. at 861. . . . Id. at 861. . . .

CAESARS ENTERTAINMENT CORPORATION v. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF OPERATING ENGINEERS LOCAL PENSION FUND,, 932 F.3d 91 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Areas Pension Fund , 982 F.2d 857, 861 (3d Cir. 1992). . . .

UNITED STATES v. BOSYK,, 933 F.3d 319 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Riccardi , 405 F.3d 852, 861 (10th Cir. 2005). . . .

D. FARVER, v. D. MCCARTHY,, 931 F.3d 808 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Northwest Airlines , 113 F.3d 861, 864 (8th Cir. 1997) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. KRAEMER,, 933 F.3d 675 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mateen , 806 F.3d 857, 861 (6th Cir. 2015) ; Sullivan , 797 F.3d at 640 ; Barker , 723 F.3d at 322-23 . . . Mateen , 806 F.3d 857, 861 (6th Cir. 2015) ("[W]hen a sentence enhancement based on a state conviction . . .

AMERICAN TUNABOAT ASSOCIATION, v. ROSS, 391 F. Supp. 3d 98 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . E.P.A., 861 F.3d 174, 182 (D.C. Cir. 2017) (cleaned up). . . . Diversity, 861 F.3d at 182. . . . Diversity , 861 F.3d at 184. . . .

MCCOTTRELL S. v. WHITE, 933 F.3d 651 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Randle , 680 F.3d 859, 861-62, 864-65 (7th Cir. 2012) (bystander prisoner struck by buckshot fired into . . .

STEPP, v. COVANCE CENTRAL LABORATORY SERVICES, INC., 931 F.3d 632 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Donahoe , 667 F.3d 835, 861 (7th Cir. 2012). . . . See Coleman , 667 F.3d at 861-62. . . . See Coleman , 667 F.3d at 861-62. . . .

IN RE VEG LIQUIDATION, INC. LLC, R. II, v. URS LP LLC LLC LLC Co. LLC LLC LLC LLC LLC IV, L. P. IV, L. P. IV L. P. L. P. L. P. LLC IV L. P., 931 F.3d 730 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Regions Bank , following In re Met-L-Wood Corp. , 861 F.2d 1012 (7th Cir. 1988), held that an order authorizing . . . (quoting In re Met-L-Wood , 861 F.2d at 1017 ). . . . In re Met-L-Wood Corp. , 861 F.2d at 1018. . . . See In re Met-L-Wood , 861 F.2d at 1018. B. . . . See Regions Bank , 387 F.3d at 731-32 ; In re Met-L-Wood , 861 F.2d at 1017-18. . . .

DIXON, v. L. RYAN,, 932 F.3d 789 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Haws , 861 F.3d 977, 988 (9th Cir. 2017), and we affirm. . . .

U. S. COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION, v. MONEX CREDIT COMPANY, 931 F.3d 966 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Zelener , 373 F.3d 861 (7th Cir. 2004). . . .

UNITED STATES v. J. NELSON,, 931 F.3d 588 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Jones , 861 F.3d 687, 690-91 (7th Cir. 2017) ; United States v. McCoy , 215 F.3d 102, 107-08 (D.C. . . .

KOALA, v. KHOSLA,, 931 F.3d 887 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dep't of Educ ., 861 F.3d 923, 929 (9th Cir. 2017), cert. denied , --- U.S. ----, 138 S. . . .

DOE, v. TRUMP CORPORATION,, 385 F. Supp. 3d 265 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Vivint Solar, Inc. , 861 F.3d 31, 35 (2d Cir. 2017) (quoting Starr v. . . .

EAST BAY SANCTUARY COVENANT, v. BARR,, 385 F. Supp. 3d 922 (N.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Supp. 3d at 861 (same). . . . Supp. 3d at 861. . . .

HEUTON v. FORD MOTOR COMPANY, 930 F.3d 1015 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Wertin, 861 F.3d 748, 756 (8th Cir. 2017). . . .

MATSON, v. SANDERSON FARMS, INC., 388 F. Supp. 3d 853 (S.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . Supp. 3d 848, 861 (S.D. . . .

UNITED STATES v. A. GOODRIDGE,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 159 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Starks , 861 F.3d 306, 315 (1st Cir. 2017). . . . Starks , 861 F.3d at 315. . . . Starks , 861 F.3d 306, 318, 321 (1st Cir. 2017 (quoting Commonwealth v. . . . Starks , 861 F.3d at 322. . . . Id. ; see also Starks , 861 F.3d at 321 n.14 (explaining that the government's concession that armed . . .

KERR, V. M. E. K. W. B. C. Ph. D. A. L. M. D. L. Re- E. a k a J. L. a k a L. P. W. Re- K. C. Re- J. Re- IJ G. v. POLIS,, 930 F.3d 1190 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Reserve Bank of Kansas City , 861 F.3d 1052, 1059 n.1 (10th Cir. 2017) (Matheson, J., concurring) (citing . . .

UNITED STATES v. MCKOWN,, 930 F.3d 721 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Shawar , 865 F.2d 856, 861 (7th Cir. 1989) (noting that the "likelihood of recovery is not something . . . App'x at 712 ; Ferro , 321 F.3d at 762 ; Donofrio , 896 F.2d at 1302 ; Shawar , 865 F.2d at 861. . . .

E. APONTE- RAMOS, v. UNITED STATES, 391 F. Supp. 3d 183 (D. P.R. 2019)

. . . United States, 861 F.3d 1257, 1267-69 (11th Cir. 2017). . . .

ASSOCIATION FOR COMMUNITY AFFILIATED PLANS, v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 22 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . EPA, 861 F.3d 174, 182 (D.C. Cir. 2017), namely Community Health Choice. . . .

D. COTTRELL M. v. AMERICAN FAMILY MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, S. I., 930 F.3d 969 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mosby-Year Book, Inc. , 969 S.W.2d 860, 861 (Mo. Ct. App. 1998) (internal quotation omitted). . . .

IN RE GAULSH,, 602 B.R. 849 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Vivendi Universal, S.A. , 861 F. . . . GBJ Corp. , 156 F.3d 136, 144 (2d Cir. 1998) ; see also Liberty Media Corp. , 861 F. . . .

PARAMOUNT MEDIA GROUP, INC. v. VILLAGE OF BELLWOOD, 929 F.3d 914 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Cook , 861 F.3d 678, 682 (7th Cir. 2017). C. The Sherman Act Paramount raises two antitrust claims. . . .

APACHE DEEPWATER, L. L. C. v. W T OFFSHORE, INCORPORATED,, 930 F.3d 647 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Traxxas, L.P. , 861 F.3d 591, 596 (5th Cir. 2017). McCaig v. . . .

VUGO, INC. v. CITY OF NEW YORK,, 931 F.3d 42 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Prieto , 861 F.3d 839, 842 (9th Cir. 2017) (en banc) (" Sorrell did not modify the Central Hudson standard . . .

SCOTTSDALE CAPITAL ADVISORS CORPORATION, v. FINANCIAL INDUSTRY REGULATORY AUTHORITY,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 72 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . FINRA, 861 F. Supp. 2d 1063, 1072 (N.D. . . .

UNITED STATES v. HANSEN,, 929 F.3d 1238 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . ."); Brett Williamson , 859 F.3d at 861 ("A defendant has the Sixth Amendment right to waive his right . . .

RIOS, v. JENKINS,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 714 (W.D. Va. 2019)

. . . City of Hampton, 255 Va. 387, 497 S.E.2d 858, 861 (1998) ; City of Va. Beach v. Va. . . .

INC. v. INTERNATIONAL GAME TECHNOLOGY, IGT, DOUBLEDOWN INTERACTIVE LLC,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 828 (N.D. Ill. 2019)

. . . City of Evanston , 865 F.3d 861, 868 (7th Cir. 2017) (internal quotation marks omitted). 1. . . .

COLLINS, v. UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME DU LAC,, 929 F.3d 830 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Columbia College Chicago , 821 F.3d 855, 861 (7th Cir. 2016). . . .

D. BLAIR, v. BOWERSOX, SCCC I SCCC I SCCC I SCCC I,, 929 F.3d 981 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Does , 789 F.3d 856, 861-62 (8th Cir. 2015). . . .

ACUITY, A v. REX, LLC LLC EVAC EMS,, 929 F.3d 995 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . EPA , 711 F.3d 844, 861 (8th Cir. 2013). . . .

BRUMBACH, v. UNITED STATES v., 929 F.3d 791 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 861 (citing United States v. Nance , 481 F.3d 882, 888 (6th Cir. 2007) ). . . .

GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES INSURANCE COMPANY, v. S. NADKARNI,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 917 (N.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Rptr. 2d 467, 861 P.2d 1153 ( Montrose ); Gray v. . . . Rptr. 2d 467, 861 P.2d 1153.) . . . Rptr. 2d 467, 861 P.2d 1153.) . . .

CORBITT, SDC, a v. VICKERS,, 929 F.3d 1304 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Enterprise, 861 F.3d 1300, 1302 (11th Cir. 2017). . . .

IN RE PLATINUM- BEECHWOOD LITIGATION L. v. Re v. Re, 389 F. Supp. 3d 270 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . . ¶¶ 861-65, and a claim for $70 million in contribution and indemnity based on BCLIC and WNIC's potential . . .

MAZUR, KYC LLC LLC U. S. v. OSPINA BARAYA,, 275 So. 3d 812 (Fla. App. Ct. 2019)

. . . Irey, 165 So. 3d 859, 861 (Fla. 5th DCA 2015) (holding that "an internet publisher of various purportedly . . .

M. D. BY NEXT FRIEND R. STUKENBERG Z. H. B. S. A. A. M. J. S. J. H. V. J. L. H. C. C. H. C. A. R. v. ABBOTT, Jr., 929 F.3d 272 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Cessa , 861 F.3d 121, 133 (5th Cir. 2017) (for the district court to make further findings on the suppression . . .

GODINEZ v. P. BARR,, 929 F.3d 598 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Sessions, 861 F.3d 730, 733 (8th Cir. 2017) (quoting 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(42)(A) ). . . .

W. WEINSTEIN, v. C. KRUMPTER, E. P. B. I- IV,, 386 F. Supp. 3d 220 (E.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Lines, Inc. , 861 F.2d 23, 26 (2d Cir. 1988) ). . . .

IN RE FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, In, 392 F. Supp. 3d 244 (D. P.R. 2019)

. . . United States Forest Serv., 861 F.2d 1114, 1116 (9th Cir.1988) ). . . . (quoting National Wildlife, 861 F.2d at 1117 ). . . .

TWYFORD, Jr. v. COMMISSIONER, SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION,, 929 F.3d 512 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Colvin, 861 F.3d 779, 782 n.3 (8th Cir. 2017). . . .

A. TOLIN, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE,, 929 F.3d 548 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Alamo , taxpayers' attorneys submitted a total 274 hours spent on preparing an appeal. 983 F.2d 856, 861 . . .

DIAZ- RAMIREZ, M. D. v. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH,, 275 So. 3d 799 (Fla. App. Ct. 2019)

. . . Martin County, 73 So. 3d 856, 861-64 (Fla. 1st DCA 2011) (holding that appellants' basis for standing . . .

A. ZADEH v. ROBINSON,, 928 F.3d 457 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ugalde , 861 F.2d 802, 810 (5th Cir. 1988) ("We must ensure that for every right there is a remedy." . . .

R. BROWN, E. R. A. v. COLLIER, R. R. A. v., 929 F.3d 218 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dep't of Criminal Justice , 369 F.3d 854, 861 (5th Cir. 2004) ); see also O'Lone v. . . .

FIRSTENERGY GENERATION, LLC, a v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD,, 929 F.3d 321 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . NLRB , 981 F.2d 861, 866 (6th Cir. 1992). . . .

UNITED STATES v. DINKINS,, 928 F.3d 349 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Reid , 861 F.3d 523, 527 (4th Cir. 2017). . . .

UNITED STATES v. MORGAN,, 929 F.3d 411 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Gomez , 763 F.3d at 861. . . .

DOMINION ENERGY, INC. v. CITY OF WARREN POLICE AND FIRE RETIREMENT SYSTEM, v. GMBH, v. GMBH, v., 928 F.3d 325 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Pettit , 164 F.3d 857, 861 (4th Cir. 1998) ("Taken at its face value, the term 'relates to' has no logical . . .

UNITED STATES v. PORTER,, 928 F.3d 947 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Gunter , 546 F.2d 861, 868-69 (10th Cir. 1976) ("It is hornbook law that a crime denounced in the statute . . .

ESTATE OF MENDEZ, Sr. Jr. v. CITY OF CERES,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 1189 (E.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Dist. , 53 Cal. 4th 861, 138 Cal.Rptr.3d 1, 270 P.3d 699 (2012). . . .

UNITED STATES v. JAMES,, 928 F.3d 247 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . . § 861(a) (making it unlawful only "for any person at least eighteen years of age to knowingly and intentionally . . .

MORRIS, W. v. GRECON, INC. LLC,, 388 F. Supp. 3d 711 (E.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . Gresham , 861 F.3d 143 (5th Cir. 2017), for the assertion that if a party receives zero damages then . . .

IN RE FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, In, 390 F. Supp. 3d 311 (D. P.R. 2019)

. . . United States Forest Serv., 861 F.2d 1114, 1116 (9th Cir. 1988) ). . . . (quoting National Wildlife, 861 F.2d at 1117 ). . . .

A. RUCHO, v. COMMON CAUSE, H. v. O., 139 S. Ct. 2484 (U.S. 2019)

. . . discriminatory effects were due to a "legitimate redistricting objective"-adds to the inquiry. 318 F.Supp.3d at 861 . . .

J. GRESS L. v. FREEDOM MORTGAGE CORPORATION,, 386 F. Supp. 3d 455 (M.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . Cirque Du Soleil, Inc. , 301 F.Supp.3d 840, 861 (N.D. Ill. 2018) ; DeBernardis v. . . .

IN RE GENERIC PHARMACEUTICALS PRICING ANTITRUST LITIGATION LLC, v., 386 F. Supp. 3d 477 (E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . Evanston Hosp. , 133 Ill.2d 374, 140 Ill.Dec. 861, 550 N.E. 2d 986, 989-90 (1990) (holding that the Illinois . . .

BALOGA, v. PITTSTON AREA SCHOOL DISTRICT, 927 F.3d 742 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . McGarrigle , 861 F.3d 444, 458 (3d Cir. 2017) (finding highly relevant for the purposes of Pickering . . .